"Go West" | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | ||||
Single by Village People | ||||
from the album Go West | ||||
B-side | "Citizens of the World" | |||
Released | June 1979 | |||
Recorded | 1978 | |||
Genre | Disco | |||
Length | 4:10 | |||
Label | Casablanca | |||
Songwriter(s) | ||||
Producer(s) | Jacques Morali | |||
Village People singles chronology | ||||
| ||||
Music video | ||||
"Go West" on YouTube |
"Go West" is a song by American disco group Village People, released in June 1979 by Casablanca Records as the second single from their fourth studio album of the same name (1979). The song was written by Jacques Morali, Henri Belolo and lead singer Victor Willis, while Morali produced it. It was successful in the disco scene during the late 1970s and a top-20 hit in Belgium, Ireland and the UK. "Go West" found further success when it was covered in 1993 by English synth-pop duo Pet Shop Boys.
Village People version
The song's title is attributed to the 19th-century quote "Go West, young man" commonly attributed to the American newspaper editor Horace Greeley, a rallying cry for the colonization of the American West, but also an invitation to pursue one's own dreams and individuality. The melody resembles that of the State Anthem of the Soviet Union (and later National anthem of Russia) composed by Alexander Alexandrov.[1]
Both the 7″ and 12″ versions of the song were subsequently collected on various greatest hits albums, including a 1997 radio remix which was made in the wake of the success of Pet Shop Boys' 1993 version. The song does share some melodic elements with "Give Thanks with a Grateful Heart" by Henry Smith and later covered by Don Moen.[2]
Billboard said that "Having turned tongue-in-cheek plugs for the YMCA and the Navy into top three singles, pop's top jinglesmiths here wax enthusiastic about the wide open spaces of the West.[3] Record World said that "the disco-pop hook is surrounded by a resounding harmony chorus accentuated by full-bodied production."[4] Classic Rock History critic Brian Kachejian rated it the Village People's 6th greatest song.[5]
Copyright lawsuit
On May 7, 2012, in a landmark ruling in accordance with the Copyright Act of 1976, Victor Willis was awarded 33% of the copyright to "Go West" and other Village People hits.[6]
Charts
Chart (1979) | Peak position |
---|---|
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[7] | 12 |
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[8] | 41 |
Canada Dance/Urban (RPM)[9] | 13 |
Ireland (IRMA)[10] | 15 |
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[11] | 31 |
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[12] | 29 |
UK Singles (OCC)[13] | 15 |
US Billboard Hot 100[14] | 45 |
US Dance Club Songs (Billboard)[15] "In the Navy"/"Manhattan Woman"/"Go West" |
14 |
Pet Shop Boys version
"Go West" | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | ||||
Single by Pet Shop Boys | ||||
from the album Very | ||||
B-side | "Shameless" | |||
Released | September 6, 1993 | |||
Recorded | 1992–1993 | |||
Genre | ||||
Length |
| |||
Label | Parlophone | |||
Songwriter(s) |
| |||
Producer(s) | Pet Shop Boys | |||
Pet Shop Boys singles chronology | ||||
| ||||
Music video | ||||
"Go West" on YouTube |
In 1992, when Pet Shop Boys were asked by Derek Jarman to perform at an AIDS charity event at The Haçienda nightclub in Manchester, Chris Lowe of the duo selected "Go West" as the song they would perform. Though singer Neil Tennant was unable to remember the lyrics during that performance, the two decided to record it as a single.[16]
Release
The original single version of the song, set for an earlier release in 1992 as a non-album single, was never used. However, both its extended dance mix, and its similarly unreleased B-side "Forever in Love" (an edited version was released on Very Relentless in 1993), were eventually released on the 2001 expanded reissue of Very. Instead, the song was released in a different version on September 6, 1993, as the second single from Very, and featuring the B-side "Shameless".[17] This release included remixes by Brothers in Rhythm, Farley & Heller, Kevin Saunderson, and Mark Stent. The single peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart and number one in Finland, Germany and Iceland. The single also reached number one in Ireland, becoming the last of the duo's four Irish number-one singles to date, and topped the US Billboard Dance Music/Club Play Singles chart.
Changes
The new version enhances the basis of the original's chord progression in Pachelbel's Canon, bringing the theme to the forefront at the opening of the song.[16][1] In addition to the Canon elements, it included a new introduction which Lowe later said "does sound surprisingly like the former Soviet anthem".[18] The song also underwent extensive reworking of its instrumental tracks, with producers Stephen Hague and Mark Stent credited for the mixing, as well as an all-male Broadway choir arranged by Richard Niles (said by Tennant to be inspired by the song "There Is Nothing Like a Dame" from the Broadway musical South Pacific).[16] In addition, Tennant and Lowe wrote a new coda and a bridge for the song, with the lyrics:
There where the air is free
we'll be what we want to be
Now if we make a stand
we'll find our promised land[19]
Critical reception
Stephen Thomas Erlewine from AllMusic felt the song is a "bizarrely moving" cover.[20] Larry Flick from Billboard commented, "Nothing better captures the tone of bittersweet joy and drama that permeates Very than PSB's cover of the Village People nugget, 'Go West'. Covered with thick layers of pillowy synths, the track swaps the male-bonding vibe of the original with a wistful demeanor that's lined with a pensive subtext of loss".[21] In the single review, he described it as a "gorgeous reading", adding that Neil Tennant "gives the happy, male-bonding lyrics a wistful, almost melancholy edge—an odd but successful contrast to the fist-waving chants at the chorus".[22] Dave Sholin from the Gavin Report deemed it an "uptempo, melodic pop winner".[23] Caroline Sullivan from The Guardian constated that "Can You Forgive Her?" and "Go West" "are among the best singles of the year, the latter distinguishing itself by making the Village People original seem flagrantly heterosexual."[24]
A reviewer from Lennox Herald declared it as a "90s update" of the disco anthem, and an "outside bet for the top spot".[25] Liverpool Echo felt it's the "funniest thing they've done for ages", noting that it "comes complete with butch male chorus contrasting with the Pet Shop Boys' sweet and innocent vocals."[26] In his weekly UK chart commentary, James Masterton remarked that the duo's cover "is affectionate rather than mocking but no less brilliant for it with Male Voice Choirs and Gospel Singers adding to what has to be one of the singles of the year."[27] Everett True from Melody Maker named it Single of the Week, saying, "'Go West' is pure essence of Pet Shop Boys; an astoundingly immoderate cover [...] which manages the almost unbelievable feat of being camper than the original."[28] Pan-European magazine Music & Media wrote, "The emperors of synth pop are backed by a Cossack choir. Blue helmets replace the Indian head dress and stetson, worn by the original singers of the song, the Village People."[29] John Harris of NME named it "Complete Genius Single of the Week", and considered it a song that "combines the ostentatious playfulness last mastered by the KLF with the Pet Shop Boys' velvet-lined sumptuousness and an immeasurable poignancy".[30]
Reading Evening Post remarked that "Seagulls and strings usher" in this version, adding that "it's insistent and instantly catchy, and brings to mind the song "YMCA" even without knowing who originally sang this track." They concluded that "Go West" "will obviously be a hit".[31] Gavin Reeve from Smash Hits gave it two out of five, commenting, "Neil and Chris have dug up an old Village People hit from the '70s and changed it from a singalong disco number to a... singalong disco number."[32] Jonathan Bernstein from Spin wrote, "It should be camp, ridiculous, and overblown. It is. But it's also curiously affecting. Tennant's wistful reading of the song's yearning for acceptance turns laughter at the surrounding bombast into a lump in the throat. You can only keep it bottled up for so long."[33] David Petrilla from The Weekender said it "sounds like the Village People meet Al Stewart", adding, "expect to start marching in place and finding your arms up in the air when you hear it."[34]
Music video
The accompanying music video for "Go West" was directed by British director Howard Greenhalgh and relies heavily on computer-generated imagery, like all of his videos for the Very singles. It begins with a red Statue of Liberty, and then depicts a grey city where the communist domination is evident on the basis of Soviet imagery such as red stars and red flags, the Yuri Gagarin Monument (a spaceman on a column) and the Monument to the Conquerors of Space (a rocket on a spire-like pedestal). Troops of identical Soviet men march up a staircase stretching into the clouds, seemingly toward a Western society, with the Statue of Liberty, now appearing as a black diva looming in the distance (played by backing-vocalist Sylvia Mason-James). Tennant and Lowe appear throughout; Tennant carries a blue-and-yellow striped arrow staff, and Lowe travels on a flying surfboard. Occasional live action shots of Soviet iconography appear; in one Tennant and Lowe appear in their costumes, walking across Red Square.
The video received heavy rotation on MTV Europe in November 1993[35] and was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video in 1995, losing to "Love Is Strong" by The Rolling Stones.[36] The "Go West" costumes were parodied in the video for their later 2006 single, "I'm with Stupid".[37]
Track listings
|
|
Charts
Weekly charts
|
Year-end charts
|
Certifications
Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
---|---|---|
Australia (ARIA)[88] | Gold | 35,000^ |
Austria (IFPI Austria)[89] | Gold | 25,000* |
Germany (BVMI)[90] | Platinum | 500,000^ |
United Kingdom (BPI)[91] | Silver | 200,000‡ |
* Sales figures based on certification alone. |
Release history
Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
United Kingdom | September 6, 1993 |
|
Parlophone | [17] |
Japan | September 22, 1993 | Mini-CD | EMI | [92] |
Other versions
German metal band JBO covered the song on their 1997 Album laut (loud), entitled "Ein Fest" (a party), parodying the song.
Remixed Eurodance versions of the song have appeared on the Dancemania series albums, including Dancemania SPEED 4 issued in 2000.[93]
Clubringer covered the song in 2003 with a trance CD single released in Poland. Four versions of the song were created.
The Swedish PSB cover band West End Girls released their version of the song in January 2006. In 2007, classical singer Rhydian performed the song on The X Factor, surrounded by men in sailor outfits.
Austrian baritone singer Patrizio Buanne used the notes and changed its lyrics in the song "Stand Up (Champions Theme)", which was included in some versions of his 2006 album Forever Begins Tonight.
German pop singer Mickie Krause covered the song on his 2008 album 10 Jahre – Gute Unterhaltung entitled "Orange trägt nur die Müllabfuhr". On the occasion of the UEFA Euro 2008 football championship, he published the chorus melody that directed against the Netherlands' abusive song, alluding to the traditional orange jersey of the Netherlands national football team.[clarification needed]
British comedy band The Wurzels covered the song on their 2010 album A Load More Bullocks.[94]
Osem, the Israeli food giant, created a commercial for its ketchup based on the Pet Shop Boys video clip and song version a short time after the single was released.
Hermes House Band released a version in 2006.
Bulgarian comedy band Zamunda Banana Band's "Назад към природата" ("Back to Nature") is a parody of "Go West".
The Japanese pop group Beyooooonds covered the song on their debut single, titled "Go Waist". Beyooooonds interprets "Go West" as a waist exercise song.[95]
British retailer GO Outdoors parody the song in a 2016 advert,[96] altering the lyric "Go west" to "Go there".
As a sports chant
Many football clubs throughout the world (primarily in Germany and England, but also Paris Saint-Germain F.C.) have created their own renditions of "Go West" to be sung by supporters on matchday. Versions observed in English include "go home to your sexy wives", “one nil to The Arsenal”, and others.[97] Borussia Dortmund began this tradition in 1993 with their version entitled "Olé, jetzt kommt der BVB" ("Olé, here comes the BVB"),[98] while fans of FC Schalke 04 originated the popular and influential "Steht auf, wenn ihr Schalker seid!" ("Stand Up, if you're a Schalke Fan").[99] Also the fans of the Poland national football team and of the Poland national teams in other sports traditionally sing "Polska, biało-czerwoni" ("Poland, white and red") to the melody of the song.[100][101] During 2022 Fifa World Cup Argentina fans started chanting a variation for Ángel Di María ("Fideo lalala lala") which would later be used to cheer for all grandmothers of the country ("Abuela la lalala").[102] The tune had been rekindled in Argentina by a pasta commercial few years before.[103]
Irish professional Rugby Union club Ulster Rugby sing their own supporters version entitled "Stand Up for the Ulstermen"[104]
In popular culture
The Village People version of "Go West" features in the film The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert and in the stage musical adaptation as the three lead characters leave Sydney for Alice Springs (which lies just over 2,000 kilometres north-west of Sydney as the crow flies).
The Pet Shop Boys version of the song is played in the first and last scenes of award-winning Chinese director Jia Zhangke's film Mountains May Depart (2015). In many of Jia's films, the 'turn' China has made towards 'the West' is a central theme – Mountains May Depart is no exception. Also, the song serves as a unifying element: it connects the first part of the film (set in 1999) to the final scene (set in 2025), creating a poignant effect which several critics have praised; David Rooney of the Hollywood Reporter called the ending "a beautiful concluding sequence that reaffirms the film's aching depth of feeling and extraordinary sense of place".[105]
In 1998, Ambrosia rewrote their lyrics for an advertising jingle for an advertising campaign to promote their products - most notably their rice pudding - given their products come from the West Country.[106]
Sharwood's used the melody for an advertising jingle for an advertising campaign for their products from 2006 to 2008, substituting "Go West" for "Go East".[107]
In 2021, Highways England used the melody in a public information film about what to do in the event of getting into difficulty on the motorway (pulling up left on the hard shoulder and disembarking the vehicle on the left hand side); the campaign was aptly named "Go Left".[108]
Notes
References
- ^ a b Little, Harriett Fitch (June 26, 2017). "How the US doctrine of manifest destiny became the gay anthem Go West". Financial Times. Archived from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved August 2, 2019.
- ^ Ferwerda, Albert; Delfzijl, Lezer (February 24, 2014). "YMCA". DPG Media. Retrieved February 11, 2023.
- ^ "Top Single Picks" (PDF). Billboard. May 26, 1979. p. 87. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
- ^ "Hits of the Week" (PDF). Record World. May 26, 1979. p. 1. Retrieved February 11, 2023.
- ^ Kachejian, Brian (July 20, 2021). "Top 10 Village People Songs". Classic Rock History. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
- ^ Pettersson, Edvard (May 8, 2012). "Village People Motorcycle Cop Wins 'YMCA' Copyright Case". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on May 11, 2012.
- ^ "Village People – Go West" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
- ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 4546a." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ "Top RPM Dance/Urban: Issue 4537." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ a b "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Go West". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Village People" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ "Village People – Go West" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
- ^ "Village People: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ "Village People Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ "Village People Chart History (Dance Club Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ a b c "Interviews – Very Go West". Pet Shop Boys unofficial website. Archived from the original on August 27, 2012. Retrieved February 19, 2011.
- ^ a b "Single Releases" (PDF). Music Week. September 4, 1993. p. 25. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
- ^ Liner notes from 2001 CD reissue.
- ^ "Go West (lyrics)". Pet Shop Boys official website. Retrieved April 3, 2010.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Pet Shop Boys – Very". AllMusic. Retrieved November 9, 2020.
- ^ Flick, Larry (October 2, 1993). "Dance Trax: Pet Shop Boys Are So 'Very'; Summit Keynoters" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 105, no. 40. p. 27. ISSN 0006-2510 – via World Radio History.
- ^ Flick, Larry (November 6, 1993). "Single Reviews" (PDF). Billboard. p. 67. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
- ^ Sholin, Dave (October 29, 1993). "Gavin Picks: Singles" (PDF). Gavin Report. No. 1978. p. 50 – via World Radio History.
- ^ Sullivan, Caroline (September 24, 1993). "Rock/pop: Heavy Petting". The Guardian.
- ^ Lennox Herald. September 10, 1993. p. 30.
- ^ "Laugh-along with the Boys". Liverpool Echo. September 10, 1993. p. 31.
- ^ Masterton, James (September 12, 1993). "Week Ending September 18th 1993". Chart Watch UK. Retrieved September 15, 2021.
- ^ True, Everett (September 11, 1993). "Singles". Melody Maker. p. 29. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
- ^ "New Releases: Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 10, no. 39. September 25, 1993. p. 16. OCLC 29800226 – via World Radio History.
- ^ Harris, John (September 11, 1993). "Singles". New Musical Express. p. 22.
- ^ Reading Evening Post. September 10, 1993. p. 43.
- ^ Reeve, Gavin (September 1, 1993). "New Singles". Smash Hits. p. 52. Retrieved April 27, 2021.
- ^ Bernstein, Jonathan (November 1993). "Spins". Spin. p. 130. Retrieved January 25, 2023.
- ^ Petrilla, David (November 11, 1993). "Record Review and New Releases". p. 14. The Weekender.
- ^ "Station Reports > MTV Europe/London" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 10, no. 45. November 6, 1993. p. 26. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
- ^ "Past Winners Database: 1994 37th Grammy Awards". The Envelope: The Ultimate Awards Site. Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 17, 2006. Retrieved October 28, 2006.
- ^ "The new video: exclusive tonight". Pet Shop Boys official website news. April 14, 2006. Retrieved May 21, 2006.
- ^ Go West (UK 7-inch single sleeve). Pet Shop Boys. Parlophone. 1993. R 6356, 7243 8 80848 7 1.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Go West (UK cassette single sleeve). Pet Shop Boys. Parlophone. 1993. TCR 6356, 7243 8 80848 4 0.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Go West (Australian cassette single sleeve). Pet Shop Boys. Parlophone. 1993. 8808484.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Go West (Japanese mini-CD single liner notes). Pet Shop Boys. EMI Records. 1993. TODP-2426.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Go West (UK 12-inch single sleeve). Pet Shop Boys. Parlophone. 1993. 12R 6356, 7243 8 80848 6 4.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Go West (UK CD single liner notes). Pet Shop Boys. Parlophone. 1993. CDR 6356, 7243 8 80848 2 6.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Go West (Australian CD single liner notes). Pet Shop Boys. Parlophone. 1993. 8808482.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Go West (European maxi-CD single liner notes). Pet Shop Boys. Parlophone. 1993. 7243 8 81091 2 3.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Go West (US maxi-CD single liner notes). Pet Shop Boys. EMI Records USA. 1993. E2-58084.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Go West (US 12-inch single vinyl disc). Pet Shop Boys. EMI Records USA. 1993. Y-58084.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Go West (US cassette single sleeve). Pet Shop Boys. EMI Records USA. 1993. 4KM-58084.
{{cite AV media notes}}
: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ "Pet Shop Boys – Go West". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys – Go West" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys – Go West" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
- ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 2340." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Top RPM Dance/Urban: Issue 2313." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 10, no. 45. November 6, 1993. p. 15. OCLC 29800226 – via World Radio History.
- ^ "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 10, no. 45. November 6, 1993. p. 17. OCLC 29800226 – via World Radio History.
- ^ "EHR Top 40" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 10, no. 43. October 23, 1993. p. 34. Retrieved April 10, 2024.
- ^ Pennanen, Timo (2006). Sisältää hitin – levyt ja esittäjät Suomen musiikkilistoilla vuodesta 1972 (in Finnish) (1st ed.). Helsinki: Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava. p. 233. ISBN 978-951-1-21053-5.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys – Go West" (in French). Les classement single.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys – Go West" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Íslenski Listinn Topp 40 – Vikan 30.09–06.10". DV (in Icelandic). September 30, 1993. p. 20. ISSN 1021-8254 – via Timarit.is.
- ^ "Classifiche". Musica e dischi (in Italian). Retrieved May 30, 2022. Select "Singoli" in the "Tipo" field, type "Pet Shop Boys" in the "Artista" field and press "cerca".
- ^ "ペット・ショップ・ボーイズのシングル売り上げランキング" [Pet Shop Boys single sales ranking] (in Japanese). Oricon. Archived from the original on March 19, 2011. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 48, 1993" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys – Go West" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys – Go West". Top 40 Singles.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys – Go West". VG-lista.
- ^ Salaverrie, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Madrid: Fundación Autor/SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys – Go West". Singles Top 100.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys – Go West". Swiss Singles Chart.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ "The Airplay Chart" (PDF). Music Week. September 25, 1993. p. 30. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
- ^ "The RM Club Chart" (PDF). Music Week, in Record Mirror (Dance Update Supplemental Insert). September 11, 1993. p. 4. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys Chart History (Bubbling Under Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys Chart History (Dance Club Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Pet Shop Boys Chart History (Dance Singles Sales)". Billboard. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010. Mt. Martha, VIC, Australia: Moonlight Publishing.
- ^ "Jahreshitparade Singles 1993". austriancharts.at (in German). Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Jaaroverzichten 1993 – Singles" (in Dutch). Ultratop. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "1993 Year-End Sales Charts – Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 10, no. 51/52. December 18, 1993. p. 15. OCLC 29800226 – via World Radio History.
- ^ "Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts – 1993" (in German). GfK Entertainment. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Árslistinn 1993". Dagblaðið Vísir (in Icelandic). January 4, 1994. p. 16. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
- ^ "Top 100-Jaaroverzicht van 1993" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Single 1993" (in Dutch). Dutch Charts. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Top 100 Singles 1993". Music Week. January 15, 1994. p. 24. ISSN 0265-1548.
- ^ "Airplay Top 50 1993" (PDF). Music Week. January 15, 1994. p. 41. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
- ^ "1994 in Review Sales Charts – Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. December 24, 1994. p. 24. OCLC 29800226 – via World Radio History.
- ^ "Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts – 1994" (in German). GfK Entertainment. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010 (PDF ed.). Mt Martha, Victoria, Australia: Moonlight Publishing. p. 216.
- ^ "Austrian single certifications – Pet Shop Boys – Go West" (in German). IFPI Austria. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Pet Shop Boys; 'Go West')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
- ^ "British single certifications – Pet Shop Boys – Go West". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved March 15, 2024.
- ^ "ゴー・ウエスト | ペット・ショップ・ボーイズ" [Go West | Pet Shop Boys] (in Japanese). Oricon. Retrieved January 22, 2024.
- ^ "Various – Dancemania Speed 4 (CD)". Discogs.com. March 8, 2000.
- ^ "Wurzel World – Shop". Thewurzels.com. Retrieved March 3, 2014.
- ^ "BEYOOOOONDS – Megane no Otoko no Ko/Nippon no D N A/Go Waist".
- ^ "Go Outdoors 'Go There' TV Advert Behind the Scenes Video". YouTube. May 18, 2016. Archived from the original on December 14, 2021. Retrieved March 10, 2021.
- ^ "'Go home to your sexy wives': Irish fans lead the way at Euro 2016". New Zealand Herald. June 17, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2019.
- ^ Price, Glenn (April 7, 2016). "The story of YNWA and Borussia Dortmund". The Liverpool Football Club. Archived from the original on April 10, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
- ^ Khawaja, Jemayel (December 13, 2016). "The 300-Year Journey From Classical Standard To Gay Disco Anthem to the Most Iconic Anthem in Soccer". Deadspin. Univision Communications. Archived from the original on January 12, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
- ^ ""Polska biało-czerwoni" - skąd wzięła się melodia stadionowej... - porady Mowimyjak.pl". Archived from the original on July 15, 2018.
- ^ "Od Pachelbela do "Biało-Czerwonych" | naTemat.pl".
- ^ "¡Abuela la la la! Argentina's viral dancing World Cup lucky charm". Washington Post. December 16, 2022. Retrieved December 16, 2022.
- ^ "Cuál es la canción original del hit "Abuela la la la" que se volvió viral en los festejos". www.c5n.com. December 17, 2022. Retrieved April 30, 2023.
- ^ "Stand up for the Ulstermen #showURsupport #SUFTUM". YouTube.com. March 9, 2014.
- ^ "Jia Zhang-ke's 'Mountains May Depart': Cannes Review". The Hollywood Reporter. May 19, 2015.
- ^ York, Peter (November 15, 1998). "Television: Fun on the back of a cow". Independent.co.uk. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
- ^ "Adelphoi: SHARWOODS "Go East" commercial". YouTube. August 27, 2008. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
- ^ "Go left! We launch our biggest ever motorway safety campaign - Highways England". March 10, 2021.
Further reading
- (2001). "Go West Archived August 27, 2012, at the Wayback Machine". Very / Further Listening 1992–1994 [CD liner notes].
- Gill, J (1997–2002). "The History of Casablanca Records". The KISS FAQ. Retrieved June 8, 2006.
- Longmire, Ernie and Steffen Gärtner (1989–2006). "Gardner's Pet Shop Boys Discography" (TXT). Gardner Publishing Ltd. Retrieved May 21, 2006.