In chemistry, a lyate ion is the anion derived by the deprotonation of a solvent molecule.[1] For example, a hydroxide ion is formed by the deprotonation of water, and methoxide (CH3O−) is the anion formed by the deprotonation of methanol.
Its counterpart is a lyonium ion, the cation formed by the protonation of a solvent molecule.
Lyonium and lyate ions, resulting from molecular autoionization, contribute to the molar conductivity of protolytic solvents.
Examples
Lyate ion | Original solvent | Lyonium ion | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
name | formula | name | formula | name | formula |
Fluoride | F− | Hydrogen fluoride | HF | Fluoronium | H2F+ |
Hydroxide | OH− | Water | H2O | Hydronium | H3O+ |
Azanide | NH−2 | Ammonia | NH3 | Ammonium | NH+4 |
Methanide | CH−3 | Methane | CH4 | Methanium | CH+5 |
Methoxide | CH3O− | Methanol | CH3OH | Methyloxonium | CH3OH+2 |
See also
- Lyonium ion, a protonated solvent molecule
- Ate complex
- Ion transport number
- Ionic atmosphere
References