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89 seats in the 19th Legislative Assembly of Quebec 45 seats were needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1935 Quebec general election was held on November 25, 1935, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Quebec, Canada. The incumbent Quebec Liberal Party led by Louis-Alexandre Taschereau was re-elected, defeating the Action libérale nationale, led by Paul Gouin, and the Quebec Conservative Party, led by Maurice Duplessis.
It was the fourth and final general election victory in a row for Taschereau, who had held office since 1920. He resigned less than seven months later due to a scandal.
The Action libérale nationale (ALN) was a newly formed party led by the son of former Liberal premier Lomer Gouin. It was established by former Liberals who had become dissatisfied with the party. The ALN and Conservatives formed an alliance, the Union Nationale, to contest this election. They merged after the election to become a single party, which soon became a dominant political force.
Campaign
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Annonce_Liberal_1935_QC.png/220px-Annonce_Liberal_1935_QC.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/UN_on_Taschereau_1935.png/220px-UN_on_Taschereau_1935.png)
Nominations
There were 208 candidates nominated,[1] of which five subsequently withdrew:[2]
- Wilfrid Bullock (Ind-Liberal, Shefford)
- Wilfrid Labelle (ALN, Iberville), thus allowing Lucien Lamoureux (Liberal) to be reelected by acclamation
- Roy Sasseville and René Mercier (Ind-Liberals, Gaspé-Nord)
- Arthur Arcand (Ind-Liberal, Montréal–Sainte-Marie), in favour of Gaspard Fauteux (Liberal)
All three candidates returned by acclamation were incumbents:
- Lucien Lamoureux (Lib, Iberville)
- Peter Bercovitch (Lib, Montréal–Saint-Louis)
- Avila Turcotte (Lib, Richelieu)
Distribution of candidates
Candidates | Lib | Ind-G | ALN | Con | Ind-Lib | Ind-Con | Lib-Opp | Ind-Opp | Lab | Lib-Lab | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acclaimed | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
2 | 64 | 40 | 23 | 1 | 128 | ||||||
3 | 19 | 2 | 11 | 8 | 14 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 57 | ||
4 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 16 | |||
Total | 90 | 3 | 54 | 32 | 19 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 204 |
Controversy in Terrebonne
In Terrebonne, the election of Athanase David was contested on the ground that the ballot papers were not printed in the form prescribed under the Election Act. At the subsequent hearing, the judge ruled that all cast ballots were declared void. Immediately afterwards, the returning officer announced that, as this resulted in a 0-0 tie, he cast his deciding vote in favour of David.[4][5]
Candidate | Initial count[6] |
As determined by Returning Officer[7] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Athanase David | 4,893 | 1 | |
Conservative | Hermann Barrette | 4,170 | – | |
Majority | 720 | 1 |
The returning officer's action was considered to have been without precedent anywhere in the world in countries with parliamentary-style legislatures.[8] The Conservatives lodged an appeal,[8] but the result was upheld by the Quebec Court of Appeal in April 1936.[9] David would become the only member of the Assembly in Quebec history to be elected on only one cast vote.[10]
Results
Political party | Party leader | MPPs | Votes | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Candidates | 1931 | 1935 | ± | # | ± | % | ± (pp) | |||
Government candidates | ||||||||||
█ Liberal | Louis-Alexandre Taschereau | 90 | 79 | 47 | 5![]() |
249,586 | 19,146![]() |
46.53 | 8.35![]() | |
█ Independent | – | 3 | – | – | – | 615 | 2,172![]() |
0.11 | 0.46![]() | |
Union Nationale alliance | ||||||||||
█ Action libérale nationale | Paul Gouin | 53 | – | 26 | 26![]() |
162,205 | New | 30.24 | New | |
█ Conservative | Maurice Duplessis | 33 | 11 | 16 | 5![]() |
97,469 | 115,754![]() |
18.17 | 25.37![]() | |
Opposition candidates | ||||||||||
█ Liberal | – | 1 | – | – | – | 1,532 | New | 0.29 | New | |
█ Independent | – | 1 | – | – | – | 94 | 12![]() |
0.02 | – | |
Other candidates | ||||||||||
█ Independent-Liberal | – | 19 | – | 1 | 1![]() |
21,587 | 20,522![]() |
4.02 | 3.80![]() | |
█ Labour | – | 2 | – | – | – | 2,238 | 1,757![]() |
0.42 | 0.32![]() | |
█ Liberal–Labour | – | 1 | – | – | – | 998 | New | 0.19 | New | |
█ Independent-Conservative | – | 1 | – | – | – | 37 | 547![]() |
– | 0.12![]() | |
Total | 204 | 90 | 536,361 | 100% | ||||||
Rejected ballots | 15,232 | 11,042![]() |
||||||||
Voter turnout | 551,593 | 57,708![]() |
76.16 | 0.85![]() | ||||||
Registered electors (contested ridings only) | 724,260 | 82,936![]() |
||||||||
Candidates returned by acclamation | 3 | 3![]() |
Synopsis of results
Riding | Winning party | Turnout [a 1] |
Votes[a 2] | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name | 1931 | Party | Votes | Share | Margin # |
Margin % |
Lib | ALN | Con | I-Lib | Lib-O | Lab | Other | Total | |||
Abitibi | Lib | Lib | 6,088 | 55.78% | 1,261 | 11.55% | 80.85% | 6,088 | – | 4,827 | – | – | – | – | 10,915 | ||
Argenteuil | Lib | Lib | 2,412 | 51.31% | 123 | 2.62% | 77.61% | 2,412 | 2,289 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,701 | ||
Arthabaska | Lib | Lib | 4,143 | 69.36% | 2,313 | 38.72% | 84.12% | 4,143 | – | 1,830 | – | – | – | – | 5,973 | ||
Bagot | Lib | Lib | 2,386 | 57.98% | 657 | 15.97% | 89.06% | 2,386 | 1,729 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,115 | ||
Beauce | Lib | ALN | 6,862 | 80.41% | 5,190 | 60.82% | 83.45% | 1,672 | 6,862 | – | – | – | – | – | 8,534 | ||
Beauharnois | Lib | Con | 2,706 | 53.38% | 343 | 6.77% | 82.16% | 2,363 | – | 2,706 | – | – | – | – | 5,069 | ||
Bellechasse | Lib | Lib | 2,483 | 54.08% | 375 | 8.17% | 83.22% | 2,483 | 2,108 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,591 | ||
Berthier | Lib | Lib | 2,897 | 58.77% | 865 | 17.55% | 91.58% | 2,897 | 2,032 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,929 | ||
Bonaventure | Lib | Lib | 4,507 | 62.56% | 1,810 | 25.12% | 81.86% | 4,507 | 2,697 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,204 | ||
Brome | Lib | Lib | 1,999 | 57.28% | 508 | 14.56% | 82.19% | 1,999 | – | 1,491 | – | – | – | – | 3,490 | ||
Chambly | Con | Lib | 3,023 | 54.95% | 545 | 9.91% | 71.87% | 3,023 | – | 2,478 | – | – | – | – | 5,501 | ||
Champlain | Lib | ALN | 3,257 | 56.20% | 719 | 12.41% | 76.09% | 2,538 | 3,257 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,795 | ||
Charlevoix—Saguenay | Lib | Lib | 5,220 | 65.57% | 2,479 | 31.14% | 76.76% | 5,220 | 2,741 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,961 | ||
Châteauguay | Lib | Lib | 1,967 | 58.04% | 545 | 16.08% | 86.26% | 1,967 | 1,422 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,389 | ||
Chicoutimi | Lib | ALN | 7,484 | 72.60% | 4,659 | 45.19% | 76.25% | 2,825 | 7,484 | – | – | – | – | – | 10,309 | ||
Compton | Lib | Con | 2,803 | 52.27% | 243 | 4.53% | 83.19% | 2,560 | – | 2,803 | – | – | – | – | 5,363 | ||
Deux-Montagnes | Con | Lib | 1,848 | 50.19% | 14 | 0.38% | 92.53% | 1,848 | – | 1,834 | – | – | – | – | 3,682 | ||
Dorchester | Lib | ALN | 3,661 | 55.94% | 777 | 11.87% | 84.37% | 2,884 | 3,661 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,545 | ||
Drummond | Lib | Lib | 3,245 | 47.57% | 20 | 0.29% | 79.71% | 3,245 | – | 3,225 | 351 | – | – | – | 6,821 | ||
Frontenac | Lib | ALN | 3,310 | 62.19% | 1,298 | 24.39% | 84.57% | 2,012 | 3,310 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,322 | ||
Gaspé-Nord | Lib | Lib | 1,228 | 44.27% | 96 | 3.46% | 83.41% | 1,228 | 414 | – | 1,132 | – | – | – | 2,774 | ||
Gaspé-Sud | Lib | Lib | 3,019 | 50.42% | 1,281 | 21.39% | 86.10% | 3,019 | – | 660 | 2,309 | – | – | – | 5,988 | ||
Gatineau | Lib | Lib | 2,793 | 57.95% | 766 | 15.89% | 63.66% | 2,793 | 2,027 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,820 | ||
Hull | Con | Lib | 3,053 | 48.93% | 795 | 12.74% | 59.29% | 3,053 | – | 2,258 | 928 | – | – | – | 6,239 | ||
Huntingdon | Con | Con | 1,750 | 54.79% | 306 | 9.58% | 83.59% | 1,444 | – | 1,750 | – | – | – | – | 3,194 | ||
Iberville | Lib | Lib | acclaimed (opponent withdrew) | ||||||||||||||
Îles-de-la-Madeleine | Lib | Lib | 1,358 | 67.29% | 963 | 47.72% | 87.20% | 1,358 | 395 | – | 265 | – | – | – | 2,018 | ||
Jacques-Cartier | Lib | ALN | 4,909 | 56.84% | 1,182 | 13.69% | 73.16% | 3,727 | 4,909 | – | – | – | – | – | 8,636 | ||
Joliette | Lib | Lib | 3,484 | 53.32% | 434 | 6.64% | 86.80% | 3,484 | – | 3,050 | – | – | – | – | 6,534 | ||
Kamouraska | Lib | Lib | 2,918 | 57.27% | 741 | 14.54% | 83.99% | 2,918 | 2,177 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,095 | ||
L'Assomption | Lib | ALN | 1,969 | 50.80% | 62 | 1.60% | 89.29% | 1,907 | 1,969 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,876 | ||
L'Islet | Lib | Lib | 2,454 | 59.32% | 771 | 18.64% | 81.33% | 2,454 | 1,683 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,137 | ||
Labelle | Lib | ALN | 2,604 | 62.93% | 1,070 | 25.86% | 80.81% | 1,534 | 2,604 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,138 | ||
Lac-Saint-Jean | Lib | Con | 2,255 | 50.59% | 53 | 1.19% | 86.90% | 2,202 | – | 2,255 | – | – | – | – | 4,457 | ||
Laval | Lib | Con | 10,125 | 53.62% | 2,412 | 12.77% | 69.50% | 7,713 | – | 10,125 | 1,044 | – | – | – | 18,882 | ||
Laviolette | Lib | ALN | 3,497 | 61.00% | 1,261 | 22.00% | 72.64% | 2,236 | 3,497 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,733 | ||
Lévis | Lib | ALN | 3,346 | 42.33% | 595 | 7.53% | 86.19% | 1,808 | 3,346 | – | 2,751 | – | – | – | 7,905 | ||
Lotbinière | Lib | Lib | 4,088 | 80.58% | 3,103 | 61.17% | 77.67% | 4,088 | 985 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,073 | ||
Maisonneuve | Lib | Con | 9,408 | 56.34% | 2,757 | 16.51% | 65.26% | 6,651 | – | 9,408 | – | – | 639 | – | 16,698 | ||
Maskinongé | Lib | Lib | 2,319 | 64.20% | 1,026 | 28.41% | 78.04% | 2,319 | 1,293 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,612 | ||
Matane | Lib | Lib | 2,780 | 57.53% | 728 | 15.07% | 72.12% | 2,780 | 2,052 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,832 | ||
Matapédia | Lib | Lib | 2,809 | 50.86% | 95 | 1.72% | 86.71% | 2,809 | 2,714 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,523 | ||
Mégantic | Lib | ALN | 4,480 | 59.06% | 1,375 | 18.13% | 84.61% | 3,105 | 4,480 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,585 | ||
Missisquoi | Lib | Con | 2,686 | 53.23% | 481 | 9.53% | 83.64% | 2,205 | – | 2,686 | – | – | – | 155 | 5,046 | ||
Montcalm | Lib | Lib | 1,763 | 52.77% | 185 | 5.54% | 85.17% | 1,763 | – | 1,578 | – | – | – | – | 3,341 | ||
Montmagny | Lib | ALN | 2,340 | 52.51% | 224 | 5.03% | 83.87% | 2,116 | 2,340 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,456 | ||
Montmorency | Lib | Lib | 2,196 | 56.26% | 489 | 12.53% | 90.42% | 2,196 | 1,707 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,903 | ||
Montréal-Dorion | Lib | ALN | 4,979 | 56.17% | 1,094 | 12.34% | 66.99% | 3,885 | 4,979 | – | – | – | – | – | 8,864 | ||
Montréal-Laurier | Lib | ALN | 2,471 | 35.00% | 872 | 12.35% | 60.15% | 1,594 | 2,471 | – | 1,397 | – | 1,599 | – | 7,061 | ||
Montréal-Mercier | Lib | Lib | 9,071 | 50.05% | 776 | 4.28% | 71.30% | 9,071 | 8,295 | – | 757 | – | – | – | 18,123 | ||
Montréal–Saint-Georges | Con | Con | 1,414 | 55.54% | 282 | 11.08% | 49.90% | 1,132 | – | 1,414 | – | – | – | – | 2,546 | ||
Montréal–Saint-Henri | Lib | ALN | 2,418 | 35.03% | 128 | 1.85% | 67.09% | 2,290 | 2,418 | – | 2,194 | – | – | – | 6,902 | ||
Montreal–Saint-Jacques | Lib | Con | 3,036 | 50.38% | 46 | 0.76% | 72.49% | 2,990 | – | 3,036 | – | – | – | – | 6,026 | ||
Montréal–Saint-Laurent | Lib | Lib | 3,351 | 76.72% | 2,334 | 53.43% | 94.25% | 3,351 | – | 1,017 | – | – | – | – | 4,368 | ||
Montréal–Saint-Louis | Lib | Lib | acclaimed (receiving officer not available to receive opponent's nomination papers)[12] | ||||||||||||||
Montreal–Sainte-Anne | Lib | I-Lib | 1,541 | 46.25% | 550 | 16.51% | 65.12% | 991 | 716 | – | 1,541 | – | – | 84 | 3,332 | ||
Montréal–Sainte-Marie | Lib | ALN | 4,782 | 49.92% | 361 | 3.77% | 66.11% | 4,421 | 4,782 | – | – | – | – | 376 | 9,579 | ||
Montréal-Verdun | Con | Con | 6,518 | 49.06% | 3,017 | 22.71% | 58.53% | 3,501 | – | 6,518 | 3,268 | – | – | – | 13,287 | ||
Napierville-Laprairie | Lib | Lib | 2,641 | 58.74% | 1,158 | 25.76% | 88.68% | 2,641 | 1,483 | – | 372 | – | – | – | 4,496 | ||
Nicolet | Lib | Lib | 3,427 | 54.41% | 556 | 8.83% | 79.82% | 3,427 | – | 2,871 | – | – | – | – | 6,298 | ||
Papineau | Lib | ALN | 4,075 | 56.72% | 966 | 13.45% | 73.11% | 3,109 | 4,075 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,184 | ||
Pontiac | Lib | Lib | 1,779 | 44.31% | 62 | 1.54% | 67.79% | 1,779 | 1,717 | – | 519 | – | – | – | 4,015 | ||
Portneuf | Lib | ALN | 4,502 | 56.32% | 1,047 | 13.10% | 84.49% | 3,455 | 4,502 | – | – | – | – | 37 | 7,994 | ||
Québec-Centre | Lib | ALN | 3,824 | 52.74% | 398 | 5.49% | 80.81% | 3,426 | 3,824 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,250 | ||
Québec-Comté | Lib | Lib | 3,987 | 48.07% | 234 | 2.82% | 91.36% | 3,987 | 3,753 | – | 554 | – | – | – | 8,294 | ||
Québec-Est | Lib | ALN | 5,629 | 57.61% | 1,487 | 15.22% | 84.13% | 4,142 | 5,629 | – | – | – | – | – | 9,771 | ||
Québec-Ouest | Lib | Lib | 1,894 | 58.44% | 547 | 16.88% | 81.71% | 1,894 | – | 1,347 | – | – | – | – | 3,241 | ||
Richelieu | Lib | Lib | acclaimed (opponent withdrew) | ||||||||||||||
Richmond | Lib | Con | 3,170 | 55.58% | 637 | 11.17% | 83.23% | 2,533 | – | 3,170 | – | – | – | – | 5,703 | ||
Rimouski | Lib | Lib | 3,055 | 53.49% | 399 | 6.99% | 79.54% | 3,055 | 2,656 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,711 | ||
Rivière-du-Loup | Lib | Lib | 3,866 | 59.26% | 1,208 | 18.52% | 84.53% | 3,866 | 2,658 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,524 | ||
Roberval | Lib | ALN | 3,768 | 60.56% | 1,611 | 25.89% | 81.59% | 2,157 | 3,768 | – | 297 | – | – | – | 6,222 | ||
Rouville | Con | Con | 1,938 | 53.08% | 225 | 6.16% | 87.16% | 1,713 | – | 1,938 | – | – | – | – | 3,651 | ||
Saint-Hyacinthe | Lib | Lib | 3,381 | 53.68% | 463 | 7.35% | 86.13% | 3,381 | 2,918 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,299 | ||
Saint-Jean | Lib | Lib | 2,626 | 63.16% | 1,094 | 26.31% | 79.55% | 2,626 | – | – | – | 1,532 | – | – | 4,158 | ||
Saint-Maurice | Lib | ALN | 4,219 | 59.72% | 1,373 | 19.43% | 82.05% | 2,846 | 4,219 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,065 | ||
Saint-Sauveur | Con | Con | 4,184 | 50.51% | 1,082 | 13.06% | 85.80% | 3,102 | – | 4,184 | – | – | – | 998 | 8,284 | ||
Shefford | Lib | ALN | 3,708 | 53.30% | 459 | 6.60% | 85.29% | 3,249 | 3,708 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,957 | ||
Sherbrooke | Lib | ALN | 4,777 | 60.68% | 1,681 | 21.35% | 75.06% | 3,096 | 4,777 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,873 | ||
Soulanges | Lib | Lib | 1,287 | 57.66% | 342 | 15.32% | 85.75% | 1,287 | – | 945 | – | – | – | – | 2,232 | ||
Stanstead | Lib | ALN | 2,871 | 52.98% | 323 | 5.96% | 77.22% | 2,548 | 2,871 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,419 | ||
Témiscamingue | Lib | ALN | 2,929 | 53.63% | 1,343 | 24.59% | 70.10% | 1,586 | 2,929 | – | 853 | – | – | 94 | 5,462 | ||
Témiscouata | Lib | Lib | 2,112 | 53.25% | 258 | 6.51% | 87.03% | 2,112 | 1,854 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,966 | ||
Terrebonne | Lib | Lib | Returning officer cast sole ballot (all others declared void) | ||||||||||||||
Trois-Rivières | Con | Con | 4,873 | 57.03% | 1,202 | 14.07% | 86.70% | 3,671 | – | 4,873 | – | – | – | – | 8,544 | ||
Vaudreuil | Lib | Lib | 1,120 | 37.35% | 65 | 2.17% | 84.65% | 1,120 | – | 824 | 1,055 | – | – | – | 2,999 | ||
Verchères | Lib | Lib | 2,077 | 64.50% | 934 | 29.01% | 90.87% | 2,077 | 1,143 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,220 | ||
Westmount | Con | Con | 8,288 | 55.75% | 1,709 | 11.50% | 46.39% | 6,579 | – | 8,288 | – | – | – | – | 14,867 | ||
Wolfe | Lib | Lib | 2,023 | 51.89% | 147 | 3.77% | 88.27% | 2,023 | 1,876 | – | – | – | – | – | 3,899 | ||
Yamaska | Con | Con | 2,080 | 52.39% | 190 | 4.79% | 91.93% | 1,890 | – | 2,080 | – | – | – | – | 3,970 |
- = open seat
- = turnout is above provincial average
- = winning candidate was in previous Legislature
- = incumbent had switched allegiance
- = not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
- = incumbency arose from byelection gain
- = previously incumbent in another riding
- = other incumbents renominated
- = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
- = multiple candidates
Analysis
Party in 1st place | Party in 2nd place | Total | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lib | ALN | CON | Ind-Lib | Lib-Opp | Lab | |||
Liberal | 26 | 13 | 3 | 1 | 43 | |||
Action libérale nationale | 24 | 1 | 1 | 26 | ||||
Conservative | 16 | 16 | ||||||
Independent Liberal | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Total | 41 | 26 | 13 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 86 |
- ^ excluding acclamations and Terrebonne result
Parties | Acclaimed | Declared | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
█ Liberal | 3 | 1 | 43 | 41 | 2 | 90 | |
█ Action libérale nationale | 26 | 26 | 2 | 54 | |||
█ Conservative | 16 | 13 | 2 | 31 | |||
█ Independent Liberal | 1 | 4 | 12 | 2 | 19 | ||
█ Labour | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||
█ Liberal Opposition | 1 | 1 | |||||
█ Independent Government | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||
█ Liberal–Labour | 1 | 1 | |||||
█ Independent Conservative | 1 | 1 | |||||
█ Independent Opposition | 1 | 1 |
Source | Party | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lib | ALN | Con | Ind-Lib | Total | ||
Seats retained | Incumbents returned | 31 | 8 | 39 | ||
Incumbents returned - acclaimed and declared | 4 | 4 | ||||
Open seats held | 9 | 9 | ||||
Seats changing hands | Incumbents defeated - new MPPs | 1 | 14 | 5 | 20 | |
Incumbents defeated - previous members returned | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||
Open seats gained | 1 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 15 | |
Incumbent changed allegiance | 1 | 1 | ||||
Total | 47 | 26 | 16 | 1 | 90 |
See also
- List of Quebec premiers
- Politics of Quebec
- Timeline of Quebec history
- List of Quebec political parties
- 19th Legislative Assembly of Quebec
Further reading
- The Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs, 1935 and 1936. Toronto: The Annual Review Company. 1939.
References
- ^ "On compte 208 candidats en lice dans Québec" [208 candidates are in the running in Quebec]. Le Droit (in French). Ottawa. November 19, 1935. p. 1.
- ^ "Cinq candidats se retirent" [Five candidates withdraw]. Le Devoir (in French). November 20, 1935. p. 3.
- ^ a b c d e Drouilly, Pierre (November 7, 2017). "Élections québécoises de 1935". donneesquebec.ca. Atlas des élections au Québec.
- ^ "M. le juge Guibeault déclare nulle l'élection de Terrebonne. L'officier-rapporteur élit M. David" [Judge Guibault voids the Terrebonne election. The Returning Officer elects David]. Le Devoir (in French). December 16, 1935. pp. 1, 3.
- ^ "Terrebonne votes all found illegal". Montreal Gazette. December 17, 1935. p. 6.
- ^ "Le juge Guibault continue le recomptage du scrutin dans le comté de Terrebonne" [Judge Guibault is continuing the recount in Terrebonne]. Le Devoir (in French). December 6, 1935. p. 1.
- ^ "Election results (Terrebonne)". assnat.qc.ca. National Assembly of Quebec. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
- ^ a b "Unionists act quickly to bar David election". Montreal Gazette. December 17, 1935. pp. 1, 6.
- ^ "David wins round in election fight". Montreal Gazette. April 14, 1936. p. 4.
- ^ "Athanase David (1882-1953)". La Revue de Terrebonne (in French). March 21, 2014.
- ^ a b "Les membres de l'Assemblée nationale par circonscription" [National Assembly members by riding] (in French). National Assembly of Quebec. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
- ^ "L'élection dans St-Louis" [The St-Louis election]. Le Devoir (in French). November 19, 1935. p. 2.