Brothers of Italy Fratelli d'Italia | |
---|---|
President | Giorgia Meloni |
Founded | 17 Decembre 2012 |
Split from | The People of Freedom |
Headquarters | Via di San Teodoro, 20 - Rome |
Newspaper | La Gazzetta Tricolore |
Youth wing | Gioventù Nazionale |
Membership (2014) | 50,000[1] |
Ideology | Italian nationalism[2] National conservatism[2] National conservatism Euroscepticism[3] |
|position = Right-wing[4] |international = none |european = none |europarl = no MEPs |seats1_title = Chamber of Deputies
|seats1 =
|seats2_title = Senate
|seats2 =
|seats3_title = European Parliament
|seats3 =
|colours = Blue |website = www.fratelli-italia.it |country = Italy }}
Brothers of Italy (Italian: Fratelli d'Italia, FdI), whose complete name is Brothers of Italy – National Alliance (Fratelli d'Italia – Alleanza Nazionale, FdI–AN)[5] is a national-conservative[2] political party in Italy.
History
Background and foundation
In November 2012 Ignazio La Russa and Maurizio Gasparri, leaders of Protagonist Right, a faction within The People of Freedom (PdL), announced their support for Angelino Alfano in the party primary scheduled for December.[6] The subsequent cancellation of the primary was not agreed by La Russa and many others in the party.
On 16 December Giorgia Meloni and Fabio Rampelli, Guido Crosetto and Giuseppe Cossiga organised in Rome the so-called "Primaries of Ideas",[7] in which they openly criticised Silvio Berlusconi's leadership and any possible prospect of an electoral alliance with Prime Minister Mario Monti, proposed by some leading factions of the party (Liberamente, Network Italy, Reformism and Freedom, Liberal Populars, New Italy, FareItalia, etc.).[8][9]
On 17 December La Russa, who was one of the three national coordinators of the PdL, announced he was leaving the party in order to form National Centre-right, including not just anti-Monti right-wingers, but also Christian democrats and liberals from Forza Italia like Crosetto and Cossiga.[10] The split from the PdL was agreed with Berlusconi in order to better represent the right-wing of the party and propose an appealing choice to right-wing voters.[11] Simultaneously, Crosetto and Meloni announced the formation of Brothers of Italy.[12] On 21 December the two groups, formed mainly by former members of National Alliance (La Russa, Meloni, Rampelli, Massimo Corsaro, Viviana Beccalossi, Alfredo Mantica, etc.) joined forces and formed Brothers of Italy – National Centre-right,[13] usually shortened to Brothers of Italy (FdI).
La Russa's followers soon formed their own groups in most regional councils, starting with the Regional Council of Lombardy on 18 December,[14] and the Senate.[15] Two MEPs, Carlo Fidanza and Marco Scurria, both members of the Group of the European People's Party, joined the party too.
2013 general election
In the 2013 general election, held in February 2013, the party obtained 2.0% of the vote and 9 seats in the Chamber of Deputies.[16] On 5 March 2013 the party's executive board appointed La Russa president, Crosetto coordinator and Meloni floor leader in the Chamber.[17]
During 2013 presidential election's fourth ballot, FdI decided to support Franco Marini, a Democrat supported also by the PdL and Lega Nord. Following the unsuccessful outcome of the vote, FdI started voting for Colonel Sergio De Caprio.[citation needed] On 29 April 2013 Meloni announced in the Chamber of Deputies the party's vote of no confidence for Enrico Letta's government of Enrico Letta, supported by the Democrats, the PdL and Civic Choice.[18]
In the May and June 2013 local elections FdI increases its electoral support, especially in Central and Southern Italy.[citation needed]
The new National Alliance
In September 2013 FdI launched "Workshop for Italy" (Officina per l'Italia, OpI), a political initiative aimed at broadening the party's base.[19] The newly formed OpI's political committee, led by Cossiga, included, among others, former minister of Foreign Affairs Giulio Terzi di Sant'Agata, former members of National Alliance (notably including Gianni Alemanno, Mario Landolfi, Sergio Berlato, Adolfo Urso and Souad Sbai), former members of Forza Italia (including former Socialists like Giulio Tremonti and Antonio Guidi, and former Christian Democrats like Fabio Garagnani), former members of the Union of the Centre (Magdi Allam and Luciano Ciocchetti), and a former member of Lega Nord (Oreste Rossi).[20] Alemanno's Italy First and Urso's FareItalia were to join FdI by February 2014.[21][22]
In December 2013 the "National Alliance Foundation", the institution in charge of administering the assets of the defunct party, authorized FdI, supported by Alemanno and Urso, to use the logo of AN in the 2014 European Parliament election,[23] despite opposition from an alternative front composed of The Right, Future and Freedom, Tricolour Flame, I South, New Alliance, etc.[24] let alone the former members of AN who were active in Forza Italia like Maurizio Gasparri and Altero Matteoli.[25] In February 2014 the party organised a "primary" in which party members and supporters agreed to change the party's name to Brothers of Italy – National Alliance, chose the new symbol and voted Meloni for president.[26] In March, during its first party congress, the FdI ratified the primary's outcome and Meloni was proclaimed president.[5][27]
In the EP election the FdI obtained 3.7% of the vote and no seats. The party did particularly well in Lazio (5.6%) and, more generally, in Central and Southern Italy.[28]
Ideology and factions
FdI traces its roots in the history and values of the Italian Social Movement and National Alliance.[29][30] The party's main ideological trends are Italian nationalism and conservatism, but its ideology includes also an Eurosceptic sentiment (mainly against the treaty of Lisbon)[31] and economic liberalism.
The FdI includes several internal factions, notably including:
- Italy First (Prima l'Italia), led by Gianni Alemanno;
- MakeItaly (FareItalia), led by Adolfo Urso;
- I Love Italy (Io Amo l'Italia), led by Magdi Allam;
- I South (Io Sud), led by Adriana Poli Bortone.
Leadership
- President: Giorgia Meloni / Ignazio La Russa / Guido Crosetto (2012–2013), Ignazio La Russa (2013–2014), Giorgia Meloni (2014–present)
- Coordinator: Guido Crosetto (2013–2014)
- Treasurer: Pierfrancesco Gamba (2013–2014), Pasquale Maietta (2014–present)
- President of the National Assembly: Ignazio La Russa (2014–present)
- Coordinator of the Political Committee of Workshop for Italy: Giuseppe Cossiga (2013–2014)
- Leader in the Chamber of Deputies: Giorgia Meloni (2013–2014), Fabio Rampelli (2014–present)
Election results
Italian Parliament
Chamber of Deputies | ||||||
Election year | # of overall votes |
% of overall vote |
# of overall seats won |
+/– | Leader | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 666,035 (#8) | 1.95 | 9 / 630
|
Giorgia Meloni |
Senate of the Republic | ||||||
Election year | # of overall votes |
% of overall vote |
# of overall seats won |
+/– | Leader | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 590,083 (#7) | 1.92 | 0 / 315
|
Giorgia Meloni |
European Parliament
Election year | # of overall votes |
% of overall vote |
# of overall seats won |
+/– | Leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2014 | 1,004,037 (#7) | 3.66 | 0 / 73
|
Regional Councils
Region | Latest election | # of overall votes |
% of overall vote |
# of overall seats won |
---|---|---|---|---|
Abruzzo | 2014 | 19,548 (#9) | 2.9 | 0 / 31
|
Calabria | 2014 | 19,353 (#13) | 2.5 | 0 / 30
|
Emilia-Romagna | 2014 | 23,052 (#8) | 1.9 | 1 / 50
|
Lazio | 2013 | 107,731 (#6) | 3.8 | 1 / 50
|
Lombardy | 2013 | 83,810 (#10) | 1.5 | 2 / 80
|
Piedmont | 2014 | 72,776 (#6) | 3.7 | 1 / 50
|
Sardinia | 2014 | 19,275 (#7) | 2.8 | 2 / 60
|
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol | 2013 | 3,699 (#12) | 1.6 | 0 / 35
|
Symbols
-
2014–present2014–present
References
- ^ Giorgia Meloni, Atreju 2014, September 21, 2014
- ^ a b c Wolfram Nordsieck (2013). "Parties and Elections in Europe". Retrieved 24 January 2014. Cite error: The named reference "Nordsieck" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ "Marine Le Pen sceglie Giorgia Meloni come alleata: "Sostiene la battaglia contro l'euro"". Libero. April 8, 2014.
- ^ Mackenzie, James (22 October 2013). "Small right-wing party seeks to profit from Berlusconi's disarray". Reuters.
- ^ a b Sito ufficiale di Fratelli d'Italia - Alleanza Nazionale - Sito ufficiale di Fratelli d'Italia - Alleanza Nazionale
- ^ La Stampa - Primarie Pdl: La Russa-Gasparri ufficializzano sostegno Alfano
- ^ "Crosetto-Meloni, nasce la destra antiMonti". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
- ^ "Pdl, il giorno dei montiani. "No a scissioni"". Corriere della Sera. 16 December 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
- ^ "Appello a Monti e guerra alla sinistra Il Pdl si ricompatta". Corriere della Sera. 17 December 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
- ^ "Pdl, la destra in fermento La Russa se ne va e fonda "Centrodestra nazionale"". Corriere della Sera. 18 December 2012. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
- ^ Pdl, la destra in fermento La Russa se ne va e fonda «Centrodestra nazionale»
- ^ Meloni e Crosetto dicono addio Ma il Cavaliere si riprende il Pdl
- ^ "Dal Centrodestra nazionale ai Fratelli d'Italia: Giorgia Meloni e Guido Crosetto vicini a Ignazio La Russa". Huffington post. 20 December 2012. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
- ^ Lombardia, nasce il gruppo Centrodestra Nazionale
- ^ senato.it - Composizione del Gruppo Fratelli d'Italia - Centrodestra Nazionale nella XVI Legislatura
- ^ Elezioni 2014
- ^ ::: Ministero dell'Interno ::: Archivio Storico delle Elezioni - Camera del 24 Febbraio 2013
- ^ Meloni: Le ragioni di Fratelli d'Italia per non votare la fiducia al governo Letta - Sito ufficiale di Fratelli d'Italia - Alleanza Nazionale
- ^ Da Atreju nasce l’Officina per l’Italia. Meloni: la sfida è lanciata, ma niente rendite di posizione | Secolo d'Italia
- ^ http://www.officinaperlitalia.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=13&Itemid=124
- ^ Ecco programma e fini (anti euro) del Partito della Nazione di Giorgia Meloni - Formiche
- ^ A Fiuggi La Casa Comune Della Destra Per Fare Il Partito Della Nazione | Prima L'Italia
- ^ FdI utilizzerà logo An ad europee - Top News - ANSA.it
- ^ Storace, Menia e Poli Bortone, il trio che si coalizza per contendere la destra al duo Meloni-La Russa - Formiche
- ^ Ecco le macerie della destra italiana: liti, mozioni e veleni - Formiche
- ^ Fratelli d'Italia, ritorno di fiamma: le primarie scelgono simbolo e presidente nazionale - IlGiornale.it
- ^ Fratelli d'Italia-Alleanza Nazionale | Primo congresso nazionale | Fiuggi
- ^ [Scrutini] Europee - Elezioni del 25 maggio 2014 - Ministero dell'Interno
- ^ "Fratelli d'Italia: dova va la destra italiana". i Mille. March 24, 2014.
- ^ "Fratelli d'Italia riaccende la "fiamma". Nel nuovo logo i simboli di Msi e An". TGcom24. February 16, 2014.
- ^ "Fratelli d'Italia attacca: "Ci vuole il coraggio di dire addio all'euro"". il Giornale. March 9, 2014.