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'''Coco Solo''' was a [[United States Navy]] [[submarine base]] and [[naval air station]] near the [[Panama Canal]], active from 1918 to the 1960s. |
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==History== |
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⚫ | The submarine base at Coco Solo was established May 6, 1918.<ref name=nan>{{cite book |last=Van Wyen |first=Adrian O. |title =Naval Aviation in World War I |url=https://archive.org/details/navalaviationinw00wash |publisher =Chief of Naval Operations |date =1969 |location =Washington, D.C. |page =[https://archive.org/details/navalaviationinw00wash/page/64 64] }}</ref> The site corresponds with modern-day [[Cativá]] in [[Panama]]. It was on the [[Atlantic Ocean]] (northwest) side of the [[Panama Canal Zone]], near [[Colón, Panama]]. Five [[United States C-class submarine|C-class submarines]] were based there during 1914–1919. |
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⚫ | [[United States Senator]] [[John McCain]] was born in 1936 at a small Navy hospital,<ref name="alexander">{{cite book |title = Man of the People: The Life of John McCain |first = Paul |last = Alexander |author-link = Paul Alexander (American writer) |url = https://archive.org/details/manofpeoplelifeo00alex/page/12 |isbn = 0-471-22829-X |year = 2002 |publisher = [[John Wiley & Sons]] |page = [https://archive.org/details/manofpeoplelifeo00alex/page/12 12] }}</ref><ref name="wapo-fc-hosp">{{cite news | url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/fact-checker/2008/05/john_mccains_birthplace.html | title=The Fact Checker: John McCain's Birthplace | author=Dobbs, Michael | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=2008-05-20 | access-date=2009-07-25 | author-link=Michael Dobbs (US author)}}</ref> at Coco Solo Naval Air Station.<ref name="timberg-bio-ch1">{{cite book | last=Timberg | first=Robert | title=John McCain: An American Odyssey | publisher=[[Touchstone Books]] | year=1999 | isbn=0-684-86794-X | url=https://archive.org/details/johnmccainameric00timb }} [https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/t/timberg-mccain.html pp. 17–34.]</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://blog.washingtonpost.com/fact-checker/2008/05/citizen_mccain.html |title=The Fact Checker: Citizen McCain |author=Dobbs, Michael |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=2008-05-02 |access-date=2008-12-26 |author-link=Michael Dobbs (US author) |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706003725/http://blog.washingtonpost.com/fact-checker/2008/05/citizen_mccain.html |archive-date=2008-07-06 }}</ref><!-- the alleged birth certificate floating around the web stating that McCain was born outside the PCZ is likely a forgery; see http://www.obamaconspiracy.org/2009/02/the-birth-certificate-is-a-forgery/ --> |
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⚫ | The larger Coco Solo Hospital was constructed in the summer of 1941.<ref name="wapo-fc-hosp"/> The area containing it was transferred from the civil part of the Panama Canal Zone to the naval part when [[Franklin Roosevelt]] signed Executive Order 8981 on December 17, 1941.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=60931 | title=Executive Order 8981 – Navy Hospital Area, Coco Solo, Canal Zone | publisher=[[United States Government]] | date=1941-12-17 | access-date=2008-05-16}}</ref> |
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⚫ | [[United States Senator]] [[John McCain]] was born in 1936 at a small Navy hospital<ref name="alexander">{{cite book |title = Man of the People: The Life of John McCain |first = Paul |last = Alexander | |
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On December 7, 1941, three [[V-boat|V-class submarine]]s (''Barracuda'', ''Bass'' and ''Bonita'') were stationed at Coco Solo. During [[World War II]], Coco Solo also served as a Naval Air Facility, housing a squadron of [[United States Army Air Forces]] [[P-38 Lightning]] aircraft.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.navsource.org/Naval/usf06.htm|title = US-Fleet Dec 7 1941}}</ref> |
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⚫ | The larger Coco Solo Hospital was constructed in the summer of 1941.<ref name="wapo-fc-hosp"/> The area containing it was transferred from the civil part of the Panama Canal Zone to the naval part when [[Franklin Roosevelt]] signed Executive Order 8981 on December 17, 1941.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=60931 | title=Executive Order 8981 – Navy Hospital Area, Coco Solo, Canal Zone | publisher=[[United States Government]] | date=1941-12-17 | |
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By the 1960s, no U.S. Navy vessels remained, only some support staff and housing. At the far end of Randolph Road was [[Fort Randolph (Panama)|Fort Randolph]], unused except for military training exercises, and where the Fort Randolph Riding Club was located as used by the Canal Zone Horsemen's Association. |
By the 1960s, no U.S. Navy vessels remained, only some support staff and housing. At the far end of Randolph Road was [[Fort Randolph (Panama)|Fort Randolph]], unused except for military training exercises, and where the Fort Randolph Riding Club was located as used by the Canal Zone Horsemen's Association. |
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Until the mid-1990s, the town site of Coco Solo was used by the civilian employees of the Panama Canal as a residential area. The nearby [[Galeta Island, Panama|Galeta Island]] U.S. Navy communications facility continued in operation as well. |
Until the mid-1990s, the town site of Coco Solo was used by the civilian employees of the Panama Canal as a residential area. The nearby [[Galeta Island, Panama|Galeta Island]] U.S. Navy communications facility continued in operation as well. After the turnover of the Panama Canal to Panamanians in 1999, US military activity ceased at both Coco Solo and Galeta Island. |
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⚫ | Coco Solo is now the site of two [[container terminal]]s: Colón Container Terminal<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cct-pa.com/location.htm | title=Colón Container Terminal, S.A. | publisher=[[Colón Container Terminal, S.A.]] | access-date=2010-08-14 | archive-date=2010-06-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100626152840/http://www.cct-pa.com/location.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> and [[Manzanillo International Terminal]], which is the busiest container port in Latin America.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.tideworks.com/company/casestudies/pdf/MIT.pdf | title=Manzanillo International Terminal Case Study | publisher=[[Tideworks Technology]] | access-date=2010-08-14 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717054650/http://www.tideworks.com/company/casestudies/pdf/MIT.pdf | archive-date=2011-07-17 }}</ref> |
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After the turnover of the Panama Canal to Panamanians in 1999, US military activity ceased at both Coco Solo and Galeta Island. |
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⚫ | Coco Solo is now the site of two [[container terminal]]s: Colón Container Terminal<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cct-pa.com/location.htm | title=Colón Container Terminal, S.A. |
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==Climate== |
==Climate== |
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{{Weather box |
{{Weather box |
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|Dec precipitation days = 17.00 |
|Dec precipitation days = 17.00 |
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|year precipitation days = |
|year precipitation days = |
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|source 1= Météo climat stats<ref>{{cite web |url=http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/listenormale-1961-1990-1-p167.php|title=Moyennes 1961-1990 Panama (Asie)|language=fr| |
|source 1= Météo climat stats<ref>{{cite web |url=http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/listenormale-1961-1990-1-p167.php|title=Moyennes 1961-1990 Panama (Asie)|language=fr|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> |
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|source 2= Météo Climat <ref>{{cite web|url=http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/station-1743-1949-1967.php|title=Météo Climat stats for Coco Solo |publisher=Météo Climat| |
|source 2= Météo Climat <ref>{{cite web|url=http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/station-1743-1949-1967.php|title=Météo Climat stats for Coco Solo |publisher=Météo Climat|access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref> |
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}} |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[List of former United States military installations in Panama]] |
* [[List of former United States military installations in Panama]] |
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* [[Naval Base Panama Canal Zone]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{commons category |
{{commons category}} |
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* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601070357/http://panamaliving.com:80/NavalStationCocoSoloPhotoAlbum.html |date=June 1, 2016 |title=History and photo page on Coco Solo }} |
* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601070357/http://panamaliving.com:80/NavalStationCocoSoloPhotoAlbum.html |date=June 1, 2016 |title=History and photo page on Coco Solo }} |
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* [http://www.czbrats.com/Photos/PO/POcocosolo2.jpg Photo of the US Naval Hospital Coco Solo] |
* [http://www.czbrats.com/Photos/PO/POcocosolo2.jpg Photo of the US Naval Hospital Coco Solo] |
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{{Panama Canal}} |
{{Panama Canal}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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{{coord|9.37262|N|79.8812|W|source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}} |
{{coord|9.37262|N|79.8812|W|source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}} |
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[[Category:Buildings and structures in Colón Province]] |
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Colón Province]] |
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[[Category:Military installations established in 1918]] |
[[Category:Military installations established in 1918]] |
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[[Category:Closed installations of the United States Navy]] |
Latest revision as of 07:54, 16 October 2023
Naval Base Coco Solo | |
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Cativá, Panama | |
![]() Aerial view of the U.S. Naval Station Coco Solo in 1941 | |
Type | Naval base |
Site information | |
Controlled by | ![]() |
Site history | |
In use | 1918–1999 |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Naval_Station_Coco_Solo_with_submarines_1923.jpg/220px-Naval_Station_Coco_Solo_with_submarines_1923.jpg)
Coco Solo was a United States Navy submarine base and naval air station near the Panama Canal, active from 1918 to the 1960s.
History
The submarine base at Coco Solo was established May 6, 1918.[1] The site corresponds with modern-day Cativá in Panama. It was on the Atlantic Ocean (northwest) side of the Panama Canal Zone, near Colón, Panama. Five C-class submarines were based there during 1914–1919.
United States Senator John McCain was born in 1936 at a small Navy hospital,[2][3] at Coco Solo Naval Air Station.[4][5]
The larger Coco Solo Hospital was constructed in the summer of 1941.[3] The area containing it was transferred from the civil part of the Panama Canal Zone to the naval part when Franklin Roosevelt signed Executive Order 8981 on December 17, 1941.[6]
On December 7, 1941, three V-class submarines (Barracuda, Bass and Bonita) were stationed at Coco Solo. During World War II, Coco Solo also served as a Naval Air Facility, housing a squadron of United States Army Air Forces P-38 Lightning aircraft.[7]
By the 1960s, no U.S. Navy vessels remained, only some support staff and housing. At the far end of Randolph Road was Fort Randolph, unused except for military training exercises, and where the Fort Randolph Riding Club was located as used by the Canal Zone Horsemen's Association.
Until the mid-1990s, the town site of Coco Solo was used by the civilian employees of the Panama Canal as a residential area. The nearby Galeta Island U.S. Navy communications facility continued in operation as well. After the turnover of the Panama Canal to Panamanians in 1999, US military activity ceased at both Coco Solo and Galeta Island.
Coco Solo is now the site of two container terminals: Colón Container Terminal[8] and Manzanillo International Terminal, which is the busiest container port in Latin America.[9]
Climate
Climate data for Coco Solo, 4 m asl (1961–1990 normals) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 31.7 (89.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.3 (91.9) |
36.1 (97.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
33.9 (93.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
33.9 (93.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
34.4 (93.9) |
33.3 (91.9) |
31.7 (89.1) |
36.1 (97.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.3 (84.7) |
29.8 (85.6) |
30.6 (87.1) |
31.2 (88.2) |
31.1 (88.0) |
30.6 (87.1) |
31.3 (88.3) |
30.8 (87.4) |
30.4 (86.7) |
30.4 (86.7) |
29.3 (84.7) |
29.1 (84.4) |
30.3 (86.6) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.0 (80.6) |
27.5 (81.5) |
27.9 (82.2) |
28.2 (82.8) |
27.9 (82.2) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.5 (81.5) |
27.3 (81.1) |
27.4 (81.3) |
26.7 (80.1) |
27.1 (80.8) |
27.5 (81.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 24.6 (76.3) |
25.1 (77.2) |
25.2 (77.4) |
25.2 (77.4) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.9 (76.8) |
24.3 (75.7) |
24.1 (75.4) |
24.3 (75.7) |
24.3 (75.7) |
24.1 (75.4) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.7 (76.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | 18.9 (66.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
18.9 (66.0) |
19.4 (66.9) |
20.6 (69.1) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.6 (69.1) |
21.1 (70.0) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.1 (70.0) |
19.4 (66.9) |
18.9 (66.0) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 139.6 (5.50) |
35.8 (1.41) |
87.0 (3.43) |
149.2 (5.87) |
382.2 (15.05) |
318.2 (12.53) |
404.7 (15.93) |
478.4 (18.83) |
332.5 (13.09) |
397.7 (15.66) |
714.6 (28.13) |
395.2 (15.56) |
3,835.1 (150.99) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 12.33 | 6.73 | 10.55 | 6.55 | 19.00 | 17.25 | 16.00 | 23.50 | 18.00 | 18.57 | 25.00 | 17.00 | 190.48 |
Source 1: Météo climat stats[10] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Météo Climat [11] |
See also
References
- ^ Van Wyen, Adrian O. (1969). Naval Aviation in World War I. Washington, D.C.: Chief of Naval Operations. p. 64.
- ^ Alexander, Paul (2002). Man of the People: The Life of John McCain. John Wiley & Sons. p. 12. ISBN 0-471-22829-X.
- ^ a b Dobbs, Michael (2008-05-20). "The Fact Checker: John McCain's Birthplace". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2009-07-25.
- ^ Timberg, Robert (1999). John McCain: An American Odyssey. Touchstone Books. ISBN 0-684-86794-X. pp. 17–34.
- ^ Dobbs, Michael (2008-05-02). "The Fact Checker: Citizen McCain". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2008-07-06. Retrieved 2008-12-26.
- ^ "Executive Order 8981 – Navy Hospital Area, Coco Solo, Canal Zone". United States Government. 1941-12-17. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
- ^ "US-Fleet Dec 7 1941".
- ^ "Colón Container Terminal, S.A." Colón Container Terminal, S.A. Archived from the original on 2010-06-26. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
- ^ "Manzanillo International Terminal Case Study" (PDF). Tideworks Technology. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
- ^ "Moyennes 1961-1990 Panama (Asie)" (in French). Retrieved 11 November 2019.
- ^ "Météo Climat stats for Coco Solo". Météo Climat. Retrieved 11 November 2019.