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{{Short description|American composer, choir conductor, organist, bass and music educator}} |
{{Short description|American composer, choir conductor, organist, bass and music educator}} |
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[[File:Votes for Woman, Suffrage Rallying Song.jpg|thumb|Front cover of 1915 sheet music for "Votes for Woman, Suffrage Rallying Song"]] |
[[File:Votes for Woman, Suffrage Rallying Song.jpg|thumb|Front cover of 1915 sheet music for "Votes for Woman, Suffrage Rallying Song". From the collection of the [[British Library]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blogs.bl.uk/americas/2020/08/centenary-of-the-nineteenth-amendment.html|title=The Centenary of the Nineteenth Amendment and US women's right to vote|work=Americas and Oceania Collections blog|publisher=[[British Library]]|date=26 August 2020}}</ref>]] |
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'''Edward Moore Zimmerman''', often given as '''E. M. Zimmerman''', (9 January 1859 — December 6, 1922) was an American [[ |
'''Edward Moore Zimmerman''', often given as '''E. M. Zimmerman''', (9 January 1859 — December 6, 1922) was an American [[bass (voice type)|bass]], [[composer]], [[choir conductor]], [[organist]], and [[music educator]].<ref name="obit">{{cite news|title=E. M. Zimmerman; Was Known Here as Choirmaster, Teacher, and Composer|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=December 7, 1922|page= 27}}</ref> A longtime resident of [[Philadelphia]], he was active as a church and concert singer in that city from the 1880s into the early years of the 20th century. He also worked as a voice teacher in Philadelphia, and held posts as a choir conductor and organist at several churches in that city. He was also a vocal music instructor at the Methodist Confernce Seminary (now [[The Pennington School]]). He is best remembered as a composer of hymns, and for co-writing the [[suffragist]] [[anthem]] "Votes for Women: Suffrage Rallying Song" (1915) with his wife and frequent singing partner, the soprano [[Marie Kunkel Zimmerman]]. |
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== |
==Early life and education== |
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Born on 9 January 1859 in [[Wilmington, Delaware]],<ref name="obit"/> Edward M. Zimmerman attended schools in his youth in Newark, Delaware.<ref>{{cite news|title=Personals|work=[[Newark Post Newspaper]]|date=October 30, 1912|page= 5}}</ref> He studied singing in London with [[George Henschel]], and in New York City with [[Emilio Belari]] and John Howard.<ref name="obit"/> He began his career as a [[bass (voice type)|bass]] vocalist at the Household of Faith Church in Wilmington with an 1883 article in the ''Wilmington Daily Republican'' describing him as "a popular and well known local singer".<ref>{{cite news|title=Church Entertainment|date=October 2, 1883|page= 4|work=[[Wilmington Daily Republican]]}}</ref> In February 1886 he was a guest soloist in a benefit concert given to raise funds for the Delaware Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amusements: Grand Concert by the Tuesday Club|work=[[Wilmington Daily Republican]]|date=February 17, 1886|page= 2}}</ref> |
Born on 9 January 1859 in [[Wilmington, Delaware]],<ref name="obit"/> Edward M. Zimmerman was the son of Henry W. Zimmerman (1835–1896) and Catherine A. Zimmerman (née Wyatt, 1837–1919).<ref>{{cite news|title=Henry W. Zimmerman Dead|work=[[Wilmington Delaware Gazette And State Journal]]|date=July 23, 1896|page= 5}}</ref><ref>Pennsylvania, U.S., Death Certificates, 1906-1970 for Edward M Zimmerman, 1922, 110001-113000</ref> He attended schools in his youth in Newark, Delaware.<ref>{{cite news|title=Personals|work=[[Newark Post Newspaper]]|date=October 30, 1912|page= 5}}</ref> He studied singing in London with [[George Henschel]], and in New York City with [[Emilio Belari]] and John Howard.<ref name="obit"/> He began his career as a [[bass (voice type)|bass]] vocalist at the Household of Faith Church in Wilmington with an 1883 article in the ''Wilmington Daily Republican'' describing him as "a popular and well known local singer".<ref>{{cite news|title=Church Entertainment|date=October 2, 1883|page= 4|work=[[Wilmington Daily Republican]]}}</ref> In February 1886 he was a guest soloist in a benefit concert given to raise funds for the Delaware Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amusements: Grand Concert by the Tuesday Club|work=[[Wilmington Daily Republican]]|date=February 17, 1886|page= 2}}</ref> |
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After moving to Philadelphia, he entered the [[University of Pennsylvania]] where he studied music composition with [[Hugh Archibald Clarke]]. He also studied composition in that city with [[William Gilchrist]],<ref name="obit"/> and appeared as a soloist in concerts with the [[Mendelssohn Club]], a Philadelphia choir founded by Gilchrist.<ref>{{cite news|title=Concert By the Mendelssohn Club|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=May 6, 1886|page= 2}}</ref> |
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==Philadelphia musician== |
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===Singer=== |
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By 1886 Zimmerman had moved to Philadelphia where he was a member of the Mendelssohn Male Quartet (MMQ),<ref>{{cite news|title=Concert at Heidelberg Church|work=[[Philadelphia Times]]|date=February 4, 1886|page=2}}</ref> a professional vocal chamber group established from within the [[Chautauqua|Chautauqua movement]].<ref>Lush, p. 202</ref> In 1891 the MMQ was one of several ensembles that performed at a benefit concert for the [[Medico-Chirurgical Hospital]] at the [[Academy of Music (Philadelphia)|Academy of Music]].<ref>{{cite news|title=A Brilliant Ending: Close of the Entertainments in Aid of the Hospital Fund|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date= April 11, 1891|page= 2}}</ref> |
By 1886 Zimmerman had moved to Philadelphia where he was a member of the Mendelssohn Male Quartet (MMQ),<ref>{{cite news|title=Concert at Heidelberg Church|work=[[Philadelphia Times]]|date=February 4, 1886|page=2}}</ref> a professional vocal chamber group established from within the [[Chautauqua|Chautauqua movement]].<ref>Lush, p. 202</ref> In 1891 the MMQ was one of several ensembles that performed at a benefit concert for the [[Medico-Chirurgical Hospital]] at the [[Academy of Music (Philadelphia)|Academy of Music]].<ref>{{cite news|title=A Brilliant Ending: Close of the Entertainments in Aid of the Hospital Fund|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date= April 11, 1891|page= 2}}</ref> |
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Zimmerman was also active a church soloist in Philadelphia, and as early as 1887 held a post |
Zimmerman was also active a church soloist in Philadelphia, and as early as 1887 held a post as bass soloist at Fifth Baptist Church.<ref>{{cite news|title=Christmas Music|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date= December 19, 1887|page=2}}</ref> He later held similar posts at St. Andrew's Protestant Episcopal Church and the First Universalist Church.<ref name="obit"/> |
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In 1887 Zimmerman was the bass soloist in [[Jackson of Exeter]]'s cantata ''The Year'' presented by the Vesper Choral Society of Philadelphia at [[Musical Fund Hall]] under conductor and composer [[H. H. Pendleton]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Popular Entertainments|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=January 14, 1887|page= 3}}</ref> In May 1887 he sang the role of Ahasuerus, King of Persia, in [[William Batchelder Bradbury]]'s cantata ''Esther, the Beautiful Queen'' in performances given first at Saint Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church |
In 1887 Zimmerman was the bass soloist in [[Jackson of Exeter]]'s cantata ''The Year'' presented by the Vesper Choral Society of Philadelphia at [[Musical Fund Hall]] under conductor and composer [[H. H. Pendleton]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Popular Entertainments|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=January 14, 1887|page= 3}}</ref> In May 1887 he sang the role of Ahasuerus, King of Persia, in [[William Batchelder Bradbury]]'s cantata ''Esther, the Beautiful Queen'' in performances given first at Saint Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church;<ref>{{cite news|title=Near the City|work=[[Philadelphia Times]]|date= May 15, 1887|page= 3}}</ref> later being presented in a two week engagement at the [[Grand Opera House (Wilmington, Delaware)|Grand Opera House]] in Wilmington.<ref>{{cite news|title=This Week in Wilmington|work=[[Philadelphia Times]]|date= May 22, 1887|page= 16}}</ref> That same month he starred as Captain Corcoran in a production of [[Gilbert and Sullivan]]'s ''[[H.M.S. Pinafore]]'' at the Academy of Music.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pinafore by Church Choir Company|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date= May 16, 1887|page= 3}}</ref> In 1894 he was the bass soloist in the world premiere of the cantata ''The Pilgrim'' by English-born American composer [[Albert W. Borst]] (1841-1923).<ref>{{cite news|title=The Pilgrim's Great Reception|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date= December 18, 1894|page= 2}}</ref> |
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===A colaborative marriage in song=== |
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⚫ | Zimmerman held posts as choirmaster at several different Philadelphia area churches during his career, among them the [[Church of St. Luke and The Epiphany (Philadelphia)|Church of St. Luke and The Epiphany]], Memorial Baptist Church, and Calvary Protestant Episcopal Church in Germantown.<ref name="obit"/> He also held the post of organist at the latter church |
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[[File:Marie Kunkel Zimmerman.png|thumb|Marie Kunkel Zimmerman (1864-1953)]] |
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⚫ | In 1892 Zimmerman married to the soprano and voice teacher [[Marie Kunkel Zimmerman]].<ref>Edward Moore Zimmerman in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S., Marriage Index, 1885-1951, Marriage License Number 56161</ref><ref name="obit"/> Marie, born with the name Mamie Kunkel,<ref name="Census">1880 United States Federal Census for Mamie Kunkel, Maryland, Baltimore (Independent City), Baltimore, 059, 17-296J., C274, page number 7, Supervisor's District Number 1</ref> was the daughter of actress [[Ada Proctor]] and theatre manager, minstrel show performer, and songwriter [[George Kunkel (theatre manager)|George Kunkel Sr.]] (1823–1885).<ref name="dad">{{cite news|title=An Old Time Minstrel Dead|work=[[Wheeling Daily Intelligencer]]|date=January 29, 1885|page= 7}}</ref> Her brother was [[George Kunkel (actor)|George Kunkel Jr.]] (1866- 1937);<ref name="Census"/><ref name="dad"/> a silent film actor and opera singer.<ref>Katchmer, p. 194-195</ref><ref>Simpson, p. 152</ref> |
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Zimmerman would frequently sing in concerts with his wife, both before and after their marriage. In 1889 they were both featured vocal soloists in a concert given at the [[Music Teachers National Association]]'s convention at Musical Fund Hall.<ref>{{cite news|title=An Interesting Concert|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date= November 2, 1889|page= 4}}</ref> The couple were part of a vocal quartet which performed in chamber music concerts sponsored by the Manuscript Music Society of Philadelphia at [[Musical Fund Hall]] in 1895 and 1897.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Philadelphia|work=[[The Musical Courier]]|page=7|volume=XXX|number=24|date=June 5, 1895}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=May Musical Musings|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date=May 9, 1897|page= 20}}</ref> |
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⚫ | Zimmerman |
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In February 1896 the Zimmermans were soloists in [[Louis Spohr]]'s ''God, Thou Art Great: Opus 98: a Sacred Cantata for Four Voices'' which was performed at the Drexel Institute (now [[Drexel University]]) in a memorial concert for the Philadelphia concert pianist and music teacher [[Charles H. Jarvis]] (1837-1895).<ref>{{cite news|title=Among the Musicians|work=[[Philadelphia Times]]|date= February 3, 1896|page=6}}</ref> The following April they were the bass and soprano soloists in [[Joseph Haydn]]'s ''[[The Creation (Haydn)|The Creation]]'' at Philadelphia's Association Hall;<ref>{{cite news|title=Society Between Seasons|work=[[Philadelphia Times]]|date= April 19, 1896|page= 23}}</ref> a work they repeated at that same theatre in May 1898.<ref>{{cite news|title=News of the Musical World|work=[[Philadelphia Times]]|date=May 22, 1898|page= 30}}</ref> In October 1898 the couple were part of the soloist quartet in the Philadelphia premiere of [[Liza Lehmann]]'s song-cycle ''In a Persian garden'' at [[Witherspoon Building|Witherspoon Hall]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Musical Notes|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|date=October 9, 1898|page= 27}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=In A Persian Garden: A Delightful Performance At Witherspoon Hall|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date= November 2, 1898|page= 9}}</ref> |
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===Composer, choirmaster, organist, educator=== |
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⚫ | Zimmerman held posts as choirmaster at several different Philadelphia area churches during his career, among them the [[Church of St. Luke and The Epiphany (Philadelphia)|Church of St. Luke and The Epiphany]], Memorial Baptist Church, and Calvary Protestant Episcopal Church in Germantown.<ref name="obit"/> He also held the post of organist at the latter church.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Ecclesiastical Music; Christmas Services|page=127|editor-first=G. Edward|editor-last=Stubbs|author=[[American Guild of Organists]]|date=January 1907|volume=VI|number=62|publisher=H. W. Gray Company|work=The New Music Review and Church Music Review}}</ref> |
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With his wife, Zimmerman composed the song "Votes for Women: Suffrage Rallying Song" (1915) which was dedicated to [[Anna Howard Shaw]], President of the [[National American Woman Suffrage Association]].<ref>Crew, p. 337</ref> He composed the [[hymns]] "All Things Beautiful and Fair" and "Blessed Jesus, ere we part".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hymnary.org/person/Zimmerman_EM|title=E. M. Zimmerman|work=hymnary.org|access-date=May 19, 2024}}</ref> His choral works "Jubilate" and "Nunc Dimmitis" were performed in a concert sponsored by the Manuscript Music Society in March 1895.<ref>{{cite news|title=What is Going On In Music|work=[[Philadelphia Times]]|date=March 17, 1895|page= 7}}</ref> |
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Zimmerman worked as a [[voice teacher]] in Philadelphia.<ref name="obit"/> He also taught vocal music at [[The Pennington School]] (then known as the Methodist Confernce Seminary).<ref>{{cite news|title=Seminary Makes Faculty Changes|work=[[Trenton Evening Times]]|date=May 22, 1909|page=5}}</ref> He served terms on the executive board of the Pennsylvania Music Teachers Association.<ref>{{cite news|title=Music Teachers to Assemble Here|work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|date= December 29, 1896|page= 3}}</ref> |
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==Death== |
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Zimmerman died of [[Bright's disease]] on December 6, 1922, at [[Jefferson Einstein Hospital|Jewish Hospital]] in Philadelphia.<ref name="obit"/><ref>{{cite news|title=E. M. Zimmerman, Old Singer, Dead|work=[[Wilmington Evening Journal]]|date=December 7, 1922|page=31}}</ref> |
Zimmerman died of [[Bright's disease]] on December 6, 1922, at [[Jefferson Einstein Hospital|Jewish Hospital]] in Philadelphia.<ref name="obit"/><ref>{{cite news|title=E. M. Zimmerman, Old Singer, Dead|work=[[Wilmington Evening Journal]]|date=December 7, 1922|page=31}}</ref> |
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===Bibliography=== |
===Bibliography=== |
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*{{cite book|title=Suffragist Sheet Music: An Illustrated Catalogue of Published Music Associated with the Women's Rights and Suffrage Movement in America, 1795-1921, with Complete Lyrics|first=Danny O.|last= Crew|year=2015|publisher=[[McFarland & Company]]|isbn=9781476607443}} |
* {{cite book|title=Suffragist Sheet Music: An Illustrated Catalogue of Published Music Associated with the Women's Rights and Suffrage Movement in America, 1795-1921, with Complete Lyrics|first=Danny O.|last= Crew|year=2015|publisher=[[McFarland & Company]]|isbn=9781476607443}} |
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*{{cite book|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Silent Film Western Actors and Actresses|chapter=Kunkel, George|first=George A.|last=Katchmer|year=2015|isbn=9781476609058|publisher=[[McFarland & Company]]}} |
* {{cite book|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Silent Film Western Actors and Actresses|chapter=Kunkel, George|first=George A.|last=Katchmer|year=2015|isbn=9781476609058|publisher=[[McFarland & Company]]}} |
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*{{cite book|title=Music in the Chautauqua Movement: From 1874 to the 1930s|first=Paige|last= Lush|year= 2013|isbn=9781476606194|publisher=[[McFarland & Company}} |
* {{cite book|title=Music in the Chautauqua Movement: From 1874 to the 1930s|first=Paige|last= Lush|year= 2013|isbn=9781476606194|publisher=[[McFarland & Company]]}} |
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*{{cite book|title=Opera's Farthest Frontier: A History of Professional Opera in New Zealand|first=Adrienne|last= Simpson|year=1996|isbn=9780790005119|publisher=[[Reed Publishing]]}} |
* {{cite book|title=Opera's Farthest Frontier: A History of Professional Opera in New Zealand|first=Adrienne|last= Simpson|year=1996|isbn=9780790005119|publisher=[[Reed Publishing]]}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Zimmerman, Edward, M.}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zimmerman, Edward, M.}} |
Revision as of 01:11, 5 June 2024
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Votes_for_Woman%2C_Suffrage_Rallying_Song.jpg/220px-Votes_for_Woman%2C_Suffrage_Rallying_Song.jpg)
Edward Moore Zimmerman, often given as E. M. Zimmerman, (9 January 1859 — December 6, 1922) was an American bass, composer, choir conductor, organist, and music educator.[2] A longtime resident of Philadelphia, he was active as a church and concert singer in that city from the 1880s into the early years of the 20th century. He also worked as a voice teacher in Philadelphia, and held posts as a choir conductor and organist at several churches in that city. He was also a vocal music instructor at the Methodist Confernce Seminary (now The Pennington School). He is best remembered as a composer of hymns, and for co-writing the suffragist anthem "Votes for Women: Suffrage Rallying Song" (1915) with his wife and frequent singing partner, the soprano Marie Kunkel Zimmerman.
Early life and education
Born on 9 January 1859 in Wilmington, Delaware,[2] Edward M. Zimmerman was the son of Henry W. Zimmerman (1835–1896) and Catherine A. Zimmerman (née Wyatt, 1837–1919).[3][4] He attended schools in his youth in Newark, Delaware.[5] He studied singing in London with George Henschel, and in New York City with Emilio Belari and John Howard.[2] He began his career as a bass vocalist at the Household of Faith Church in Wilmington with an 1883 article in the Wilmington Daily Republican describing him as "a popular and well known local singer".[6] In February 1886 he was a guest soloist in a benefit concert given to raise funds for the Delaware Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.[7]
After moving to Philadelphia, he entered the University of Pennsylvania where he studied music composition with Hugh Archibald Clarke. He also studied composition in that city with William Gilchrist,[2] and appeared as a soloist in concerts with the Mendelssohn Club, a Philadelphia choir founded by Gilchrist.[8]
Philadelphia musician
Singer
By 1886 Zimmerman had moved to Philadelphia where he was a member of the Mendelssohn Male Quartet (MMQ),[9] a professional vocal chamber group established from within the Chautauqua movement.[10] In 1891 the MMQ was one of several ensembles that performed at a benefit concert for the Medico-Chirurgical Hospital at the Academy of Music.[11]
Zimmerman was also active a church soloist in Philadelphia, and as early as 1887 held a post as bass soloist at Fifth Baptist Church.[12] He later held similar posts at St. Andrew's Protestant Episcopal Church and the First Universalist Church.[2]
In 1887 Zimmerman was the bass soloist in Jackson of Exeter's cantata The Year presented by the Vesper Choral Society of Philadelphia at Musical Fund Hall under conductor and composer H. H. Pendleton.[13] In May 1887 he sang the role of Ahasuerus, King of Persia, in William Batchelder Bradbury's cantata Esther, the Beautiful Queen in performances given first at Saint Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church;[14] later being presented in a two week engagement at the Grand Opera House in Wilmington.[15] That same month he starred as Captain Corcoran in a production of Gilbert and Sullivan's H.M.S. Pinafore at the Academy of Music.[16] In 1894 he was the bass soloist in the world premiere of the cantata The Pilgrim by English-born American composer Albert W. Borst (1841-1923).[17]
A colaborative marriage in song
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Marie_Kunkel_Zimmerman.png/220px-Marie_Kunkel_Zimmerman.png)
In 1892 Zimmerman married to the soprano and voice teacher Marie Kunkel Zimmerman.[18][2] Marie, born with the name Mamie Kunkel,[19] was the daughter of actress Ada Proctor and theatre manager, minstrel show performer, and songwriter George Kunkel Sr. (1823–1885).[20] Her brother was George Kunkel Jr. (1866- 1937);[19][20] a silent film actor and opera singer.[21][22]
Zimmerman would frequently sing in concerts with his wife, both before and after their marriage. In 1889 they were both featured vocal soloists in a concert given at the Music Teachers National Association's convention at Musical Fund Hall.[23] The couple were part of a vocal quartet which performed in chamber music concerts sponsored by the Manuscript Music Society of Philadelphia at Musical Fund Hall in 1895 and 1897.[24][25]
In February 1896 the Zimmermans were soloists in Louis Spohr's God, Thou Art Great: Opus 98: a Sacred Cantata for Four Voices which was performed at the Drexel Institute (now Drexel University) in a memorial concert for the Philadelphia concert pianist and music teacher Charles H. Jarvis (1837-1895).[26] The following April they were the bass and soprano soloists in Joseph Haydn's The Creation at Philadelphia's Association Hall;[27] a work they repeated at that same theatre in May 1898.[28] In October 1898 the couple were part of the soloist quartet in the Philadelphia premiere of Liza Lehmann's song-cycle In a Persian garden at Witherspoon Hall.[29][30]
Composer, choirmaster, organist, educator
Zimmerman held posts as choirmaster at several different Philadelphia area churches during his career, among them the Church of St. Luke and The Epiphany, Memorial Baptist Church, and Calvary Protestant Episcopal Church in Germantown.[2] He also held the post of organist at the latter church.[31]
With his wife, Zimmerman composed the song "Votes for Women: Suffrage Rallying Song" (1915) which was dedicated to Anna Howard Shaw, President of the National American Woman Suffrage Association.[32] He composed the hymns "All Things Beautiful and Fair" and "Blessed Jesus, ere we part".[33] His choral works "Jubilate" and "Nunc Dimmitis" were performed in a concert sponsored by the Manuscript Music Society in March 1895.[34]
Zimmerman worked as a voice teacher in Philadelphia.[2] He also taught vocal music at The Pennington School (then known as the Methodist Confernce Seminary).[35] He served terms on the executive board of the Pennsylvania Music Teachers Association.[36]
Death
Zimmerman died of Bright's disease on December 6, 1922, at Jewish Hospital in Philadelphia.[2][37]
References
Citations
- ^ "The Centenary of the Nineteenth Amendment and US women's right to vote". Americas and Oceania Collections blog. British Library. 26 August 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "E. M. Zimmerman; Was Known Here as Choirmaster, Teacher, and Composer". Philadelphia Inquirer. December 7, 1922. p. 27.
- ^ "Henry W. Zimmerman Dead". Wilmington Delaware Gazette And State Journal. July 23, 1896. p. 5.
- ^ Pennsylvania, U.S., Death Certificates, 1906-1970 for Edward M Zimmerman, 1922, 110001-113000
- ^ "Personals". Newark Post Newspaper. October 30, 1912. p. 5.
- ^ "Church Entertainment". Wilmington Daily Republican. October 2, 1883. p. 4.
- ^ "Amusements: Grand Concert by the Tuesday Club". Wilmington Daily Republican. February 17, 1886. p. 2.
- ^ "Concert By the Mendelssohn Club". Philadelphia Inquirer. May 6, 1886. p. 2.
- ^ "Concert at Heidelberg Church". Philadelphia Times. February 4, 1886. p. 2.
- ^ Lush, p. 202
- ^ "A Brilliant Ending: Close of the Entertainments in Aid of the Hospital Fund". Philadelphia Inquirer. April 11, 1891. p. 2.
- ^ "Christmas Music". Philadelphia Inquirer. December 19, 1887. p. 2.
- ^ "Popular Entertainments". Philadelphia Inquirer. January 14, 1887. p. 3.
- ^ "Near the City". Philadelphia Times. May 15, 1887. p. 3.
- ^ "This Week in Wilmington". Philadelphia Times. May 22, 1887. p. 16.
- ^ "Pinafore by Church Choir Company". Philadelphia Inquirer. May 16, 1887. p. 3.
- ^ "The Pilgrim's Great Reception". Philadelphia Inquirer. December 18, 1894. p. 2.
- ^ Edward Moore Zimmerman in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S., Marriage Index, 1885-1951, Marriage License Number 56161
- ^ a b 1880 United States Federal Census for Mamie Kunkel, Maryland, Baltimore (Independent City), Baltimore, 059, 17-296J., C274, page number 7, Supervisor's District Number 1
- ^ a b "An Old Time Minstrel Dead". Wheeling Daily Intelligencer. January 29, 1885. p. 7.
- ^ Katchmer, p. 194-195
- ^ Simpson, p. 152
- ^ "An Interesting Concert". Philadelphia Inquirer. November 2, 1889. p. 4.
- ^ "Philadelphia". The Musical Courier. XXX (24): 7. June 5, 1895.
- ^ "May Musical Musings". Philadelphia Inquirer. May 9, 1897. p. 20.
- ^ "Among the Musicians". Philadelphia Times. February 3, 1896. p. 6.
- ^ "Society Between Seasons". Philadelphia Times. April 19, 1896. p. 23.
- ^ "News of the Musical World". Philadelphia Times. May 22, 1898. p. 30.
- ^ "Musical Notes". Philadelphia Inquirer. October 9, 1898. p. 27.
- ^ "In A Persian Garden: A Delightful Performance At Witherspoon Hall". Philadelphia Inquirer. November 2, 1898. p. 9.
- ^ American Guild of Organists (January 1907). Stubbs, G. Edward (ed.). "Ecclesiastical Music; Christmas Services". The New Music Review and Church Music Review. VI (62). H. W. Gray Company: 127.
- ^ Crew, p. 337
- ^ "E. M. Zimmerman". hymnary.org. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
- ^ "What is Going On In Music". Philadelphia Times. March 17, 1895. p. 7.
- ^ "Seminary Makes Faculty Changes". Trenton Evening Times. May 22, 1909. p. 5.
- ^ "Music Teachers to Assemble Here". Philadelphia Inquirer. December 29, 1896. p. 3.
- ^ "E. M. Zimmerman, Old Singer, Dead". Wilmington Evening Journal. December 7, 1922. p. 31.
Bibliography
- Crew, Danny O. (2015). Suffragist Sheet Music: An Illustrated Catalogue of Published Music Associated with the Women's Rights and Suffrage Movement in America, 1795-1921, with Complete Lyrics. McFarland & Company. ISBN 9781476607443.
- Katchmer, George A. (2015). "Kunkel, George". A Biographical Dictionary of Silent Film Western Actors and Actresses. McFarland & Company. ISBN 9781476609058.
- Lush, Paige (2013). Music in the Chautauqua Movement: From 1874 to the 1930s. McFarland & Company. ISBN 9781476606194.
- Simpson, Adrienne (1996). Opera's Farthest Frontier: A History of Professional Opera in New Zealand. Reed Publishing. ISBN 9780790005119.