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The '''Hypersonic |
The '''Hypersonic Ballistic Tracking Space Sensor (HBTSS)''' is a satellite-based sensor system being developed by the [[Missile Defense Agency]] (MDA) along with the [[Glide Phase Interceptor]] (GPI) to address [[Hypersonic weapon|hypersonic threats]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Better Oversight and Coordination Needed for Counter-Hypersonic Development |url=https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-22-105075.pdf |website=GAO}}</ref> The product of the 2019 Missile Defense Review's (MDR) for further enhancement of the US national missile defense system, the HBTSS will provide quality intercept data to the GPI. Equipped with "Birth-to-death" capability, the HBTSS can track potential threats from their launch until interception.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Hypersonic and Ballistic Tracking Space Sensor (HBTSS) – Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance |url=https://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/defense-systems/hypersonic-and-ballistic-tracking-space-sensor-hbtss/ |access-date=2024-05-12 |language=en-US}}</ref> The HBTSS will ultimately be integrated into the broader set of satellite constellations being developed by the [[Space Development Agency]] (SDA).<ref name=":1" /> |
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The new satellite architecture itself, dubbed the [[Proliferated Warfighter Space Architecture]] (PWSA), will consist of seven layers: data tracking, transport, custody, battle management, navigation, deterrence, and support.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Hypersonic Missile Defense: Issues for Congress |url=https://sgp.fas.org/crs/weapons/IF11623.pdf |website=sgp.fas.org}}</ref> The HBTSS will be a part of the tracking layer, whose goal is to "provide global indications, warning, tracking, and targeting of advanced missile threats, including hypersonic missile systems."<ref name=":2" /> It will work alongside SDA-developed Wide Field of View (WFoV) satellites with its Medium Field of View (MFoV) with the WFoVs cueing data to the HBTSS which will then provide more specific and quality target data, referred to as "fire control data," to linked ground-based interceptors.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Moving U.S. Tracking Sensors to Space1 |url=https://nipp.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/IS-575.pdf |website=National Institute for Public Policy}}</ref> This combination of both MFoVs and WFoVs are crucial as normal radars may miss fast-moving advanced missile technologies such as the Russian-made Avangard and Chinese-made Starry Sky-2, which are [[Hypersonic glide vehicle|Hypersonic Glide Vehicles]] (HGVs).<ref name=":1" /> |
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The missile tracking layer itself, named the [[Overhead Persistent Infrared]] (OPIR),<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Northrop Grumman Completes Hypersonic and Ballistic Tracking Space Sensor Critical Design Review |url=https://news.northropgrumman.com/news/releases/northrop-grumman-completes-hypersonic-and-ballistic-tracking-space-sensor-critical-design-review |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Northrop Grumman Newsroom |language=en}}</ref> will operate in [[Low Earth Orbit]] (LEO) and will feature a combination of both [[Wide field sensors|wide-field sensors]] and [[Medium Field of View sensors]] (MFoVs), as normal radars may miss fast-moving advanced missile technologies such as the Russian-made [[Russian Avangard|Avangard]] and Chinese-made [[Starry Sky-2]], which are [[Hypersonic glide vehicle|Hypersonic Glide Vehicles]] (HGVs).<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bisht |first=Inder Singh |date=2024-02-16 |title=US Launches Six Hypersonic, Ballistic Tracking Space Sensors |url=https://www.thedefensepost.com/2024/02/16/us-hypersonic-tracking-sensors/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=The Defense Post |language=en-us}}</ref> The HBTSS, along with other new satellites installed with MFoVs will be able to provide continuous tracking and monitoring of such HGVs and ballistic threats while in flight, enabling US defense missile systems to be able to intercept these threats in a timely manner before they reach their intended target.<ref name=":0" /> |
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The Missile Defense Agency have selected two military contractors - [[ |
The current phase of the HBTSS program is in protype stage and lacks operational capability.<ref name=":0" /> The HBTSS program plans to launch two demonstration sensors into orbit by Fiscal Year (FY) 2023.<ref name=":0" /> The Missile Defense Agency have selected two military contractors - [[L3Harris Technologies]] and [[Northrop Grumman]] - to design, build, and lastly demonstrate prototype satellites for the HBTSS in January 2021.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Strout |first=Nathan |date=2021-12-21 |title=New hypersonic missile-tracking satellites pass critical design review |url=https://www.defensenews.com/battlefield-tech/space/2021/12/21/new-hypersonic-missile-tracking-satellites-pass-critical-design-review/ |access-date=2024-05-12 |website=Defense News |language=en}}</ref> Both were awarded with contracts worth hundreds of millions of dollars.<ref name=":3" /> By December 2021, these prototype satellites had passed critical design reviews, meaning manufacturing can move forward.<ref name=":3" /> |
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On February 2024, the Department of Defense (DOD) announced the successful launch and trajectory insertion of six satellites, which include two prototypes of the HBTSS. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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<references /> |
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[[Category:Missile Defense Agency]] |
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[[Category:L3Harris Technologies]] |
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[[Category:Northrop Grumman]] |
Latest revision as of 01:12, 22 May 2024
The Hypersonic Ballistic Tracking Space Sensor (HBTSS) is a satellite-based sensor system being developed by the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) along with the Glide Phase Interceptor (GPI) to address hypersonic threats.[1] The product of the 2019 Missile Defense Review's (MDR) for further enhancement of the US national missile defense system, the HBTSS will provide quality intercept data to the GPI. Equipped with "Birth-to-death" capability, the HBTSS can track potential threats from their launch until interception.[2] The HBTSS will ultimately be integrated into the broader set of satellite constellations being developed by the Space Development Agency (SDA).[2]
The new satellite architecture itself, dubbed the Proliferated Warfighter Space Architecture (PWSA), will consist of seven layers: data tracking, transport, custody, battle management, navigation, deterrence, and support.[3] The HBTSS will be a part of the tracking layer, whose goal is to "provide global indications, warning, tracking, and targeting of advanced missile threats, including hypersonic missile systems."[3] It will work alongside SDA-developed Wide Field of View (WFoV) satellites with its Medium Field of View (MFoV) with the WFoVs cueing data to the HBTSS which will then provide more specific and quality target data, referred to as "fire control data," to linked ground-based interceptors.[3][4] This combination of both MFoVs and WFoVs are crucial as normal radars may miss fast-moving advanced missile technologies such as the Russian-made Avangard and Chinese-made Starry Sky-2, which are Hypersonic Glide Vehicles (HGVs).[2]
The current phase of the HBTSS program is in protype stage and lacks operational capability.[1] The HBTSS program plans to launch two demonstration sensors into orbit by Fiscal Year (FY) 2023.[1] The Missile Defense Agency have selected two military contractors - L3Harris Technologies and Northrop Grumman - to design, build, and lastly demonstrate prototype satellites for the HBTSS in January 2021.[5] Both were awarded with contracts worth hundreds of millions of dollars.[5] By December 2021, these prototype satellites had passed critical design reviews, meaning manufacturing can move forward.[5]
On February 2024, the Department of Defense (DOD) announced the successful launch and trajectory insertion of six satellites, which include two prototypes of the HBTSS.
References
- ^ a b c "Better Oversight and Coordination Needed for Counter-Hypersonic Development" (PDF). GAO.
- ^ a b c "Hypersonic and Ballistic Tracking Space Sensor (HBTSS) – Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance". Retrieved 2024-05-12.
- ^ a b c "Hypersonic Missile Defense: Issues for Congress" (PDF). sgp.fas.org.
- ^ "Moving U.S. Tracking Sensors to Space1" (PDF). National Institute for Public Policy.
- ^ a b c Strout, Nathan (2021-12-21). "New hypersonic missile-tracking satellites pass critical design review". Defense News. Retrieved 2024-05-12.