Restored revision 1221854783 by JSmith4376 (talk): Returning content per comments made at Leadership training (Boy Scouts of America) |
→Program updated for nationwide use: Abatement of original research. This is not directly supported in the source, a source which fails WP:RS anyways. Please do not restore without being verified with a reliable source Tag: Visual edit |
||
(2 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 45: | Line 45: | ||
Venturing Crew members ages 14 through 21 of the [[Venturing (Boy Scouts of America)|Venturing]] program are encouraged to attend the [[Venturing Leadership Skills Course]] which is provided by the Venturing Crew or the local Boy Scout council. Crew officers can attend Crew Officer Orientation. and then a council-provided [[Kodiak (Boy Scouts of America)|Kodiak]] leadership training program.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://scouting.org/Training/Adult.aspx|title=Adult|publisher=Boy Scouts of America|access-date=April 30, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100417203811/http://www.scouting.org/Training/Adult.aspx|archive-date=April 17, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
Venturing Crew members ages 14 through 21 of the [[Venturing (Boy Scouts of America)|Venturing]] program are encouraged to attend the [[Venturing Leadership Skills Course]] which is provided by the Venturing Crew or the local Boy Scout council. Crew officers can attend Crew Officer Orientation. and then a council-provided [[Kodiak (Boy Scouts of America)|Kodiak]] leadership training program.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://scouting.org/Training/Adult.aspx|title=Adult|publisher=Boy Scouts of America|access-date=April 30, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100417203811/http://www.scouting.org/Training/Adult.aspx|archive-date=April 17, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
||
===History of youth leadership programs=== |
|||
The [[National Youth Leadership Training]] (NYLT) program has its origins in leadership development programs developed by the Boy Scouts of America in the 1960s. Up to that point, junior leader training had been focused on [[Scoutcraft]] skills and the [[Patrol Method]]. [[Béla H. Bánáthy]], Training Chairman of the [[Scouting in California#Monterey Bay Area Council|Monterey Bay Area Council]], California, founded the White Stag Leadership Development Program in 1958, and the National Boy Scout Council later adapted the leadership competencies he identified and developed into its junior leader training program. The national council's program has gone through a number of revisions since then, and the emphasis on and description of the leadership skills has evolved over the years. |
|||
NYLT is the most current incarnation of the junior leader training program offered by the Boy Scouts of America. Its origins as a program that teaches leadership skills originated on the [[Presidio of Monterey]] at the [[Defense Language Institute|Army Language School]] in California. Until the early 1960s, junior leader training focused primarily on [[Scoutcraft]] skills and teaching the [[Patrol Method]]. [[Béla H. Bánáthy]], a veteran of [[Hungary during World War II|World War II]] and a [[Hungary|Hungarian]] [[Displaced Persons camp|refugee]], had been national director for youth leadership development for the [[Magyar Cserkészszövetség|Hungarian Boy Scout Association]]. In 1958 he was Training Chairman of the [[Monterey Bay Area Council]] and a Hungarian language instructor at the [[Defense Language Institute|Army Language School]] on the [[Monterey, California|Monterey Peninsula]]. That summer he organized an experimental patrol to teach boys leadership skills at the Monterey Bay Area Council's [[Camp Pico Blanco|Pico Blanco Scout Reservation]]. A group of volunteer Scouters formally christened it as the White Stag program in 1959, and through the early 1960s it gradually evolved into a three-phase, multi-year program.<ref name="wshistory"/> |
|||
===National Council approves study=== |
===National Council approves study=== |
||
⚫ | There were a few on the National Staff who strongly resisted the change to how leaders and youth were trained, including [[William Hillcourt|"Green Bar Bill" Hillcourt]], who was loyal to the idea of teaching purely [[Scoutcraft]] skills and the [[Patrol Method]] at Wood Badge. While immensely respected for his many contributions to Scouting, Chief Scout [[Joseph Brunton]] overruled Hillcourt's objections and approved adapting the White Stag leadership competencies for nationwide use. Over the next several years, Larson repeatedly visited the Monterey Peninsula to observe and evaluate the White Stag program. He worked with Perin and Bánáthy to adapt the White Stag leadership competencies. Larson wrote the first syllabus for the adult Wood Badge program.<ref name="threefires">{{cite web|url=http://www.threefirescouncil.org/Training/WB/tfc_wb_history.html |title=History of Wood Badge Training in the Three Fires Council |publisher=Three Fires Council |date=March 4, 2007 |access-date=August 1, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208124351/http://www.threefirescouncil.org/Training/WB/tfc_wb_history.html |archive-date=February 8, 2007 }}</ref> |
||
The National Council was, according to Dr. John W. Larson, former Director of Boy Scout Leader Training for the National Council, "snowed by Bánáthy's language. They didn't get what he was talking about."<ref name="wshistory">{{cite web|url=http://www.whitestag.org/history/history.html|title=White Stag History Since 1933|first1= Joe| last1=St. Clair|first2= Béla |last2=Bánáthy |first3=Brian |last3=Phelps |publisher=White Stag Leadership Development Academy|access-date=November 6, 2009|location=Carmel, CA}}</ref> But one national board member did. [[Herold C. Hunt|Herold Hunt]], a Professor of Education at Harvard, prevailed on the board to take a longer look. The BSA Research Service was tasked with conducting the necessary research. Larson, at the time a staff researcher for the National Council, traveled to California and observed the program's annual [[Indaba]] at the [[Presidio of Monterey]] later that year. Larson and Bob Perin traveled from New Jersey to California repeatedly. They conducted a thorough study, interviewing participants, parents, and leaders. They distributed questionnaires to program participants, reviewed the White Stag literature, and observed the program in action. They also conducted a statistical analysis of troops taking part in White Stag and compared them to non-participating units. In December 1965, Chief Scout Executive [[Joseph Brunton]] received the ''White Stag Report''. It stated that offering leadership development to youth was a unique opportunity for Scouting to provide a practical benefit to youth and would add substantial support to Scouting's character development goals. It recommended that [[Wood Badge (Boy Scouts of America)|Wood Badge]] should be used to implement the leadership development principles of White Stag.<ref name="pinewebhistory">{{cite web |last1=St. Clair |first1=Joe |last2=Bánáthy |first2=Béla |last3=Phelps |first3=Brian |year=1996 |title=A History of the White Stag Leadership Development Program |url=http://www.pinetreeweb.com/staghist.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004232824/http://www.pinetreeweb.com/staghist.htm |archive-date=October 4, 2013 |access-date=August 3, 2008}}</ref> |
|||
⚫ | There were a few on the National Staff who strongly resisted the change to how leaders and youth were trained, including [[William Hillcourt|"Green Bar Bill" Hillcourt]], who was loyal to the idea of teaching purely [[Scoutcraft]] skills and the [[Patrol Method]] at Wood Badge. While immensely respected for his many contributions to Scouting, Chief Scout [[Joseph Brunton]] overruled Hillcourt's objections and approved adapting the White Stag leadership competencies for nationwide use. Over the next several years, Larson repeatedly visited the Monterey Peninsula to observe and evaluate the White Stag program. He worked with Perin and Bánáthy to adapt the White Stag leadership competencies. Larson wrote the first syllabus for the adult Wood Badge program.<ref name="threefires">{{cite web|url=http://www.threefirescouncil.org/Training/WB/tfc_wb_history.html |title=History of Wood Badge Training in the Three Fires Council |publisher=Three Fires Council |date=March 4, 2007 |access-date=August 1, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208124351/http://www.threefirescouncil.org/Training/WB/tfc_wb_history.html |archive-date=February 8, 2007 }}</ref> |
||
=== World Scouting publishes paper === |
|||
The [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] published the results of the Boy Scouts of America's research and testing of the White Stag approach to leadership development. [[Béla H. Bánáthy|Béla Bánáthy]] wrote a monograph ''Leadership Development: World Scouting Reference Paper No. 1'', which he presented in 1969 to a meeting of the World Scout Conference in [[Helsinki]], [[Finland]].<ref name="world ref">{{cite web |title=Leadership Development - World Scouting Reference Papers, No. 1. |url=http://pinetreeweb.com/learning.htm |last=Bánáthy |first=Béla H. |author-link=Béla H. Bánáthy |date=May 1969 |publisher=Boy Scouts World Bureau |access-date=July 5, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515073122/http://www.pinetreeweb.com/learning.htm |archive-date=May 15, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He advocated leadership development by design in Scouting based on the leadership competencies of White Stag. |
|||
In 1968, [[Salvador Fernández Beltrán]], Deputy Secretary of the [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]], visited camp during the summer program at [[Camp Pico Blanco|Pico Blanco Scout Reservation]]. Leaders of the [[Asociación de Scouts de México, Asociación Civil|Mexican Scout]] movement asked Bánáthy to guide them in the adaptation of the White Stag program concept. Bánáthy was appointed to the Interamerican Scout Committee and participated in three Interamerican Train the Trainer events in [[Scouting and Guiding in Mexico|Mexico]], [[Scouting and Guiding in Costa Rica|Costa Rica]], and [[Scouting and Guiding in Venezuela|Venezuela]]. He guided their national training teams in designing leadership development by design programs.<ref name="wshistory"/> |
|||
===Junior leadership training mandated nationwide=== |
|||
In 1974, the changes in [[Wood Badge (Boy Scouts of America)|Wood Badge]] were migrated to a new junior leader training program which was implemented nationwide. Junior leader training programs had until that time focused primarily on [[Scoutcraft]] skills and teaching the [[Patrol Method]]. The new program marked the organization's shift from emphasizing Scoutcraft skills in training to teaching leadership skills and gave credit to White Stag for its origins.<ref name="tld1974">{{cite book | title=Troop Leader Development Staff Guide | publisher=Boy Scouts of America|location=North Brunswick, New Jersey | year=1974}}</ref> The Troop Leader Development program incorporated for the first time eleven specific competencies of leadership. The eleven competencies were adapted from the White Stag Leadership Development Program.<ref>{{cite web|title=Historical Background of Leadership Development:Troop Leader Development|location=New Brunswick, New Jersey|url=http://www.pinetreeweb.com/TLD-1974.htm|last=Orans|first=Lew|date=April 12, 1997|access-date=September 3, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060215121845/http://pinetreeweb.com/TLD-1974.htm|archive-date=February 15, 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref> According to the Boy Scout publication: |
|||
{{quote|Back in the 1960s the armed forces of the United States became concerned about the quality of leadership among non-commissioned officers. Experiments were carried out in non-commissioned officer schools at Fort Hood in California.<ref>{{cite book | title=Leadership Climate for Trainee Leaders: The Army AIT Platoon | publisher=Human Resources Research Office, George Washington University, Alexandria, Virginia|last=Hood |first=Paul D.| year=1963|url=http://www.stormingmedia.us/26/2698/0269826.html}}</ref><ref name=tasknco group=Note>[[Fort Hood]] is in Texas, not California. The U.S. Army research project into leadership by [[Non-commissioned officer]]s was conducted at [[Fort Ord]], California.</ref> Several Scouters from the Monterey Bay Area Council learned of this program and designed a junior leadership training experience using some of the competencies or skills of leadership identified in this Army training, and it was known as the "White Stag" program.<ref>{{cite book| title=Troop Leader Development Staff Guide (#6544)| year=1974|publisher=Boy Scouts of America|pages=91–92}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=White Stag History Since 1933|url=http://www.whitestag.org/history/history.html#2656|access-date=September 30, 2008}}</ref><ref name=usarmy group=Note>The U.S. Army research project into leadership skills used by [[non-commissioned officer]]s, named TaskNCO, was managed by the [[Human Resources Research Organization]] at the [[Presidio of Monterey]] on the Monterey Peninsula, California. [[Béla H. Bánáthy|Béla Bánáthy]] taught Hungarian at the [[Defense Language Institute|Army Language School]] at the Presidio. He learned of TaskNCO research program in 1959, the second year of the White Stag program, and was invited to collaborate by its lead investigator Dr. Paul Hood.</ref>}} |
|||
The junior leader training program incorporated for the first time eleven specific competencies of leadership. Prior junior leader training programs had focused primarily on Scoutcraft skills and the [[Patrol Method]]. The national JLT program extracted the leadership competencies from the White Stag program but did not adopt any of the other White Stag methods, including the spirit and traditions associated with the [[white stag]] of [[Hungarian mythology]]. The national program also changed some of the terminology used to refer to the leadership competencies and identified the competencies as "Leadership Skills"<ref name="pinewebhistory"/> |
|||
The program was later revised and renamed ''Troop Leader Training Conference'' and then ''Junior Leader Training Conference''.<ref name="bsawbhistory"/> |
|||
===Back to basics program introduced=== |
===Back to basics program introduced=== |
||
Line 85: | Line 59: | ||
===Modifications implemented=== |
===Modifications implemented=== |
||
In 1979, the next iteration of junior leader training was introduced in the ''Troop Leader Training Conference''. It was published "to eventually replace Troop Leader Development (#6544) and also provide the [[Scoutcraft]] skills experiences of Brownsea Double Two."<ref>{{cite book | title= Troop Leader Training Conference Staff Guide| year=1979|publisher=Boy Scouts of America}}</ref> This paralleled a roll-back of an urban emphasis in Scouting which had removed mention of the word "campfire" from the 8th edition of the ''Boy Scout Handbook''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.inquiry.net/leadership/index.htm |title=The Science of Boy Scouting|access-date=September 2, 2010}}</ref> |
In 1979, the next iteration of junior leader training was introduced in the ''Troop Leader Training Conference''. It was published "to eventually replace Troop Leader Development (#6544) and also provide the [[Scoutcraft]] skills experiences of Brownsea Double Two."<ref>{{cite book | title= Troop Leader Training Conference Staff Guide| year=1979|publisher=Boy Scouts of America}}</ref> This paralleled a roll-back of an urban emphasis in Scouting which had removed mention of the word "campfire" from the 8th edition of the ''Boy Scout Handbook''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.inquiry.net/leadership/index.htm |title=The Science of Boy Scouting|access-date=September 2, 2010}}</ref> |
||
While the stated aim was to consolidate the two programs, many councils continued to produce both programs or used elements from the previous programs. This resulted in growing inconsistency in how junior leader training was delivered nationwide.<ref>{{cite web|title=Brownsea II Leadership Training Program |url=http://yccbsa.org/Training/Brownsea22_08.pdf |publisher=Boy Scouts of America |location=Irving, Texas |access-date=September 3, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516052515/http://www.yccbsa.org/Training/Brownsea22_08.pdf |archive-date=May 16, 2008 }}</ref> In 1989 Pine Tree Camp, the Junior Leader Training Conference of the former [[Scouting in Minnesota|Viking Council]] in [[Minneapolis]], [[Minnesota]] was the proving grounds for a redesign of the ''Junior Leader Training Conference'', a week-long leadership development program sponsored by local Councils for the top youth leaders of Scout troops.<ref name=pinetree3>{{cite web|title=Description of NYLT|url=https://sites.google.com/a/rvw-nylt.org/www/description|publisher=Rip Van Winkle Council|access-date=November 9, 2011}}</ref> |
While the stated aim was to consolidate the two programs, many councils continued to produce both programs or used elements from the previous programs. This resulted in growing inconsistency in how junior leader training was delivered nationwide.<ref>{{cite web|title=Brownsea II Leadership Training Program |url=http://yccbsa.org/Training/Brownsea22_08.pdf |publisher=Boy Scouts of America |location=Irving, Texas |access-date=September 3, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516052515/http://www.yccbsa.org/Training/Brownsea22_08.pdf |archive-date=May 16, 2008 }}</ref> In 1989 Pine Tree Camp, the Junior Leader Training Conference of the former [[Scouting in Minnesota|Viking Council]] in [[Minneapolis]], [[Minnesota]] was the proving grounds for a redesign of the ''Junior Leader Training Conference'', a week-long leadership development program sponsored by local Councils for the top youth leaders of Scout troops.<ref name=pinetree3>{{cite web|title=Description of NYLT|url=https://sites.google.com/a/rvw-nylt.org/www/description|publisher=Rip Van Winkle Council|access-date=November 9, 2011}}</ref> |
||
Line 104: | Line 78: | ||
After the [[Wood Badge (Boy Scouts of America)|Wood Badge]] program was updated in 2003, parallel changes were subsequently implemented that affected junior leader training. A junior leadership training Task Force was assembled during 2003-04 and undertook revisions to that program to bring it closer in alignment to the Wood Badge program. In 2003, the Boy Scouts pilot-tested a revised NYLT course in the [[Sam Houston Area Council]] under the name "Grey Wolf". Additional pilot courses were held in several BSA regions during 2004 and 2005.<ref name=pinetree3/> In 2005, they published the National Youth Leadership Training syllabus. Based on feedback from the youth themselves, the course was renamed using ''Youth'' in the title rather than ''Junior''. The teens said they preferred the term "youth" over "junior", because "junior" gave the impression that the teens were not yet a leader where "youth' just described their age.<ref name="jlt2004">{{cite book |title=National Youth Leadership Training Staff Guide |publisher= Boy Scouts of America | year = 2004 |no-pp=true | pages = Staff Guide–1}}</ref> |
After the [[Wood Badge (Boy Scouts of America)|Wood Badge]] program was updated in 2003, parallel changes were subsequently implemented that affected junior leader training. A junior leadership training Task Force was assembled during 2003-04 and undertook revisions to that program to bring it closer in alignment to the Wood Badge program. In 2003, the Boy Scouts pilot-tested a revised NYLT course in the [[Sam Houston Area Council]] under the name "Grey Wolf". Additional pilot courses were held in several BSA regions during 2004 and 2005.<ref name=pinetree3/> In 2005, they published the National Youth Leadership Training syllabus. Based on feedback from the youth themselves, the course was renamed using ''Youth'' in the title rather than ''Junior''. The teens said they preferred the term "youth" over "junior", because "junior" gave the impression that the teens were not yet a leader where "youth' just described their age.<ref name="jlt2004">{{cite book |title=National Youth Leadership Training Staff Guide |publisher= Boy Scouts of America | year = 2004 |no-pp=true | pages = Staff Guide–1}}</ref> |
||
After successful regional pilot courses, NYLT was mandated for use in place of all other junior leadership development programs in the nation. This created a standard of training that would be consistent around the country. The consistency is achieved by providing many of the programmatic resources required by the program such as a DVD with some prepared presentations and videos. |
|||
The content contained in the [[Boy Scouts of America]] youth leadership training program has evolved as the business world's model of [[leadership]] theory have evolved. In the 1960s, concepts of [[leadership|participatory leadership]] were evolving from [[trait theory|trait-based]] leadership to [[Transactional leadership|transaction-based]] models. The former included [[Rensis Likert]]'s System 4 leadership model and the latter [[Robert Blake (management)|Blake]] and [[Jane Mouton|Moulton]]'s [[Managerial grid model]]. The Boy Scout's junior leader training program similarly evolved, adapting comparable principles from the White Stag program in the late 1960s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pinetreeweb.com/TLD-1974.htm |title=Historical Background of Leadership Development |last=Orans |first=Lew |access-date=October 4, 2007 |publisher=Pinetree Web |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515060401/http://pinetreeweb.com/TLD-1974.htm |archive-date=May 15, 2008 }}</ref> |
|||
Since then, the program has evolved to keep pace with changes to the adult Wood Badge program, which now emphasizes the stages of team development based on the principles described by [[Bruce Tuckman]] in 1965 as [[forming-storming-norming-performing]]. |
|||
===Standardization=== |
===Standardization=== |
||
Recent revisions have emphasized that NYLT is a ''national'' program and strongly discouraged variation from the minute-by-minute agenda. Local councils are instructed to be sure that their courses comply with the NYLT syllabus. Councils were permitted for several years to add a local, traditional name like "Pine Tree", "Silver Bear", or "Golden Acorn" to the NYLT course name, a practice which many councils had engaged in for a number of years.<ref name="nyltsg2">{{cite book |url=http://www.bacarrowhead.org/training/NationalYouthLeadershipTraining.pdf |title=National Youth Leadership Training |publisher=Boy Scouts of America |year=2004 |isbn=0-8395-4490-1 |series=34490 |location=Irving, Texas |page=Staff Guide-2 |access-date=May 11, 2009 |no-pp=true}}</ref> In 2009, the National council modified this stance and forbid councils to use any name but NYLT for the program.<ref name="nyltguide2011">{{cite book|title= National Youth Leadership Training|publisher=Boy Scouts of America |location=Irving, Texas|year=2011|series=34490|isbn=978-0-8395-4490-6| url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/50223094/NYLT-2011-Syllabus| access-date=January 11, 2011}}</ref> Not all councils adhere to this requirement. The [[Northern Star Council]] still calls their program "Grey Wolf",<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to the Grey Wolf 2012|url=http://training.nsbsa.org/info/GreyWolf.aspx|publisher=Northern Star Council|access-date=November 9, 2011}}</ref> the [[Mecklenburg County Council]] still calls their course "Top Gun National Youth Leadership Training",<ref>{{cite web|title=National Youth Leadership Training Top Gun |url=http://sites.google.com/site/nylttopgun/home|publisher=Mecklenburg County Council|access-date=November 9, 2011}}</ref> and the [[San Francisco Bay Area Council]] still informally refers to their program as "Brownsea NYLT".<ref name=sfbac>{{cite web|title=Brownsea Staff|url=http://www.sfbac-nylt.org/PDF_files/WhyStaff.pdf|publisher=San Francisco Bay Area Council|access-date=November 9, 2011|archive-date=April 25, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425152917/http://www.sfbac-nylt.org/PDF_files/WhyStaff.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2014, the national program again permitted local traditions and names in addition to NYLT.{{citation needed|date=December 2015}} |
Recent revisions have emphasized that NYLT is a ''national'' program and strongly discouraged variation from the minute-by-minute agenda. Local councils are instructed to be sure that their courses comply with the NYLT syllabus. Councils were permitted for several years to add a local, traditional name like "Pine Tree", "Silver Bear", or "Golden Acorn" to the NYLT course name, a practice which many councils had engaged in for a number of years.<ref name="nyltsg2">{{cite book |url=http://www.bacarrowhead.org/training/NationalYouthLeadershipTraining.pdf |title=National Youth Leadership Training |publisher=Boy Scouts of America |year=2004 |isbn=0-8395-4490-1 |series=34490 |location=Irving, Texas |page=Staff Guide-2 |access-date=May 11, 2009 |no-pp=true}}</ref> In 2009, the National council modified this stance and forbid councils to use any name but NYLT for the program.<ref name="nyltguide2011">{{cite book|title= National Youth Leadership Training|publisher=Boy Scouts of America |location=Irving, Texas|year=2011|series=34490|isbn=978-0-8395-4490-6| url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/50223094/NYLT-2011-Syllabus| access-date=January 11, 2011}}</ref> Not all councils adhere to this requirement. The [[Northern Star Council]] still calls their program "Grey Wolf",<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to the Grey Wolf 2012|url=http://training.nsbsa.org/info/GreyWolf.aspx|publisher=Northern Star Council|access-date=November 9, 2011}}</ref> the [[Mecklenburg County Council]] still calls their course "Top Gun National Youth Leadership Training",<ref>{{cite web|title=National Youth Leadership Training Top Gun |url=http://sites.google.com/site/nylttopgun/home|publisher=Mecklenburg County Council|access-date=November 9, 2011}}</ref> and the [[San Francisco Bay Area Council]] still informally refers to their program as "Brownsea NYLT".<ref name=sfbac>{{cite web|title=Brownsea Staff|url=http://www.sfbac-nylt.org/PDF_files/WhyStaff.pdf|publisher=San Francisco Bay Area Council|access-date=November 9, 2011|archive-date=April 25, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425152917/http://www.sfbac-nylt.org/PDF_files/WhyStaff.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2014, the national program again permitted local traditions and names in addition to NYLT.{{citation needed|date=December 2015}} |
||
===Experimental course=== |
|||
[[Youth Staff Development Course|NYLT Leadership Academy]] is a course conducted on a national level that trains youth staff members for council-level NYLT courses. NYLT Leadership Academy is currently offered at Camp William B. Snyder in Haymarket, Virginia, with two courses being offered each summer. It is also offered for one week each in St. Louis, Missouri and San Francisco, California. |
|||
==Notes== |
==Notes== |
Revision as of 19:36, 11 June 2024
Boy Scouts of America | |||
---|---|---|---|
Owner | Boy Scouts of America | ||
Headquarters | Irving, Texas | ||
Country | United States | ||
Founded | February 8, 1910 | ||
Affiliation | World Organization of the Scout Movement | ||
| |||
Website scouting | |||
Leadership training in the Boy Scouts of America includes training on how to administer the Scouting program, outdoor skills training for adults and youth, and leadership development courses for adults and youth. Some of these courses like Youth Protection Training are mandatory. Most of the courses are offered by the local council, while a few are hosted at the national level, currently at Philmont Training Center in New Mexico. They are available to members of all of the Boy Scout programs, including Cub Scouts, Boy Scouts, Explorer Posts, and Venturing Crews.
Adult Leadership Training
Depending on the adult volunteer's role, the Boy Scouts require all adults to attend a variety of training and leadership programs. Every adult leader must annually complete Youth Protection Training. Each adult must also complete a Fast Start training specific to their program. Position-specific training is provided, including unit committee members, Den Leaders, Cubmasters, Scoutmasters, Unit Commissioners, and others. Skill-specific training is also available to gain knowledge in outdoors skills including camping, hiking, first aid, Leave No Trace, swim safety, climbing safety, hazardous weather, and other skills. The highest level of training available to Cub Scouting, Boy Scouting, and Venturing leaders is Wood Badge for the 21st Century.[1]
In 2010, the National Council added new content about diversity/inclusiveness, a communications patrol, and content on generations.[2] Participants who complete Wood Badge are eligible to attend a new national course at Philmont Training Center. The Philmont Leadership Challenge mirrors the experience youth get at National Advanced Youth Leadership Experience.[2]
High Adventure Training
The local council can offer high-adventure training to help prepare adults to conduct outdoor activities. Some councils use Powder Horn program to do this. Powder Horn is available to Venturing, Boy Scouting and Varsity Scouting leaders.[3] Adult leaders of Boy Scouts of America's Sea Scouting program can take Seabadge, which is offered by four BSA Regions in two or three locations each year.[4] Additional high-level adventure programs are available at Philmont Training Center.
Wood Badge Recognition
All Wood Badge graduates have been recognized since the program's inception with a leather thong decorated with two beads. Individuals who take part on staff are eligible to wear three beads, while Course Directors are recognized with four beads. These beads were presented to the first Wood Badge participants by Baden-Powell, who obtained them while on a military campaign in Zululand, from a Zulu king named Dinizulu.[5]
Youth leadership training
Boys 10 to 18 are offered a variety of training programs. Boy Scout troop Scoutmasters are encouraged to offer Introduction to Leadership Skills for Troops, a unit level three-hour training session for all new boy leaders. The first program is designed to be run as-needed in a troop setting. The Scoutmaster and senior patrol leader will conduct this three-hour training whenever there are new Scouts or there has been a shift in leadership positions within the patrol or the troop.[6] Venturing Crew members are offered a new course, Introduction to Leadership Skills for Crews.
The second course is a council-level, week-long National Youth Leadership Training (NYLT) usually held at a council camp. This course is an in-depth training program covering a variety of leadership ideas and skills. It is designed to simulate a month in the life of a Boy Scout unit. It uses fun and hands-on learning sessions to teach leadership skills. The Scouts learn about service-based leadership as they undertake a patrol quest for the meaning of leadership.[7]
The third program, National Advanced Youth Leadership Experience (NAYLE), is offered to a limited number of youth at the Philmont Training Center. Six courses will be offered in 2019. The cost for the course in 2019 is $425. Transportation to and from Philmont is not included in the cost.[8] Scouts are given an opportunity to expand their team building and ethical decision making skills learned in NYLT. NAYLE uses elements of Philmont Ranger training as well as advanced search-and-rescue skills to teach leadership, teamwork, and the lessons of selfless service. The NAYLE program is held in the Philmont wilderness where participants are taught leadership and teamwork using the elements of NYLT. It trains youth staff members from all regions to help lead council-level NYLT courses.[9]
Venturing Crew members ages 14 through 21 of the Venturing program are encouraged to attend the Venturing Leadership Skills Course which is provided by the Venturing Crew or the local Boy Scout council. Crew officers can attend Crew Officer Orientation. and then a council-provided Kodiak leadership training program.[10]
National Council approves study
There were a few on the National Staff who strongly resisted the change to how leaders and youth were trained, including "Green Bar Bill" Hillcourt, who was loyal to the idea of teaching purely Scoutcraft skills and the Patrol Method at Wood Badge. While immensely respected for his many contributions to Scouting, Chief Scout Joseph Brunton overruled Hillcourt's objections and approved adapting the White Stag leadership competencies for nationwide use. Over the next several years, Larson repeatedly visited the Monterey Peninsula to observe and evaluate the White Stag program. He worked with Perin and Bánáthy to adapt the White Stag leadership competencies. Larson wrote the first syllabus for the adult Wood Badge program.[11]
Back to basics program introduced
The Boy Scouts radically revised their handbook in 1972. The new handbook made learning outdoor skills optional for the three lower ranks and completely eliminated outdoor merit badges, including Camping, Cooking, Nature, Swimming, Lifesaving, from the required list for the higher three ranks. Under the new program, a Scout could reach First Class without hiking, camping or cooking over a fire. It was a disastrous failure for Scouting and membership plummeted.[12]
William Hillcourt came out of retirement and donated a year of his life to write the 9th Edition of the Scout Handbook. It returned to the traditional Scouting program and had a great deal in common with Hillcourt's earlier Handbooks (6th & 7th Editions). It included entire paragraphs and pictures reprinted verbatim from the earlier editions.[13]
Brownsea II focuses on Scoutcraft
In 1976, the Boy Scouts introduced Brownsea II (Brownsea Double Two) to supplement Troop Leadership Development. It was developed in reaction to the changes to Scouting, including the advancement rules that no longer required Scouts to take a hike before obtaining the first class rank. The week-long course, unlike the Troop Leadership Program, was a "back-to-basics" program for Senior Patrol Leaders that was "program- and action-oriented."[14] It emphasized teaching and practicing Scout skills, the purposes of Scouting, and the role of the patrol method within the troop program.[15] Its goals were to develop leadership by giving Scouts opportunities to lead games that they could take back to the home troop, and by exposing the Scout to a leadership development project called "The Brownsea Pioneering Project".[16]
Modifications implemented
In 1979, the next iteration of junior leader training was introduced in the Troop Leader Training Conference. It was published "to eventually replace Troop Leader Development (#6544) and also provide the Scoutcraft skills experiences of Brownsea Double Two."[17] This paralleled a roll-back of an urban emphasis in Scouting which had removed mention of the word "campfire" from the 8th edition of the Boy Scout Handbook.[18]
While the stated aim was to consolidate the two programs, many councils continued to produce both programs or used elements from the previous programs. This resulted in growing inconsistency in how junior leader training was delivered nationwide.[19] In 1989 Pine Tree Camp, the Junior Leader Training Conference of the former Viking Council in Minneapolis, Minnesota was the proving grounds for a redesign of the Junior Leader Training Conference, a week-long leadership development program sponsored by local Councils for the top youth leaders of Scout troops.[20]
In 1993, the Boy Scouts of America adapted the Pine Tree program's syllabus for national use.[21][22] A team of volunteers revised the Junior Leader Training Conference, expanded each of the Scoutcraft activities to include learning objectives, added details of the games and contests, a list of materials and summary information. The national council also rewrote the leadership competencies Setting the Example, and to a lesser extent, Controlling the Group. A new concept called reflection was introduced. These sections of the syllabus suggested questions to assist the youth staff with drawing out from participants what they got out of a learning activity, to reinforce what they learned, and to help with evaluation at the end of each learning session.[21]
The syllabus was revised once again in 1995 and renamed Junior Leader Training Conference Staff Guide.[23] It presented modified versions of the eleven leadership competencies conceived of by Béla Bánáthy and still being presented by the White Stag program.[24]
Program updated for nationwide use
After the Wood Badge program was updated in 2003, parallel changes were subsequently implemented that affected junior leader training. A junior leadership training Task Force was assembled during 2003-04 and undertook revisions to that program to bring it closer in alignment to the Wood Badge program. In 2003, the Boy Scouts pilot-tested a revised NYLT course in the Sam Houston Area Council under the name "Grey Wolf". Additional pilot courses were held in several BSA regions during 2004 and 2005.[20] In 2005, they published the National Youth Leadership Training syllabus. Based on feedback from the youth themselves, the course was renamed using Youth in the title rather than Junior. The teens said they preferred the term "youth" over "junior", because "junior" gave the impression that the teens were not yet a leader where "youth' just described their age.[25]
Standardization
Recent revisions have emphasized that NYLT is a national program and strongly discouraged variation from the minute-by-minute agenda. Local councils are instructed to be sure that their courses comply with the NYLT syllabus. Councils were permitted for several years to add a local, traditional name like "Pine Tree", "Silver Bear", or "Golden Acorn" to the NYLT course name, a practice which many councils had engaged in for a number of years.[26] In 2009, the National council modified this stance and forbid councils to use any name but NYLT for the program.[27] Not all councils adhere to this requirement. The Northern Star Council still calls their program "Grey Wolf",[28] the Mecklenburg County Council still calls their course "Top Gun National Youth Leadership Training",[29] and the San Francisco Bay Area Council still informally refers to their program as "Brownsea NYLT".[30] In 2014, the national program again permitted local traditions and names in addition to NYLT.[citation needed]
Notes
References
- ^ A History of Wood Badge in the United States. Boy Scouts of America. 1990. ASIN B0013ENRE8.
- ^ a b "What's New in Leadership Development?". Irving, Texas: Boy Scouts of America. Retrieved November 1, 2011.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Powder Horn Training". Retrieved March 29, 2006.
- ^ "Sea Scouts BSA: Seabadge". Sea Scout Internet Service. 2003. Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
- ^ "The origins of the Wood Badge". Johnny Walker's Scouting Milestones. 2006. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
- ^ Troop Leadership Training (PDF). Irving, Texas: Boy Scouts of America. Retrieved November 8, 2009.
- ^ National Youth Leadership Training (PDF). 34490. Irving, Texas: Boy Scouts of America. 2004. Day One-18. ISBN 0-8395-4490-1. Retrieved May 11, 2009.
- ^ "About NAYLE". National Advanced Youth Leadership Experience. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
- ^ "The Youth Leadership Training Continuum: A Guide for Scout Leaders and Parents". Supplemental Training Modules. Boy Scouts of America. Archived from the original on October 17, 2007. Retrieved January 5, 2008.
- ^ "Adult". Boy Scouts of America. Archived from the original on April 17, 2010. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
- ^ "History of Wood Badge Training in the Three Fires Council". Three Fires Council. March 4, 2007. Archived from the original on February 8, 2007. Retrieved August 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Boy Scout Handbook, 1910-Today: 8th Edition—Scout Handbook (1972-1979)". Troop 97. Retrieved October 30, 2011.
- ^ "The Boy Scout Handbook, 1910-Today: 9th Edition—Official Boy Scout Handbook (1979-1990)". Troop 97. Retrieved October 30, 2011.
- ^ "Historical Background of Leadership Development: Brownsea Double-Two, 1976". July 25, 1997. Archived from the original on February 7, 2006. Retrieved September 3, 2008.
- ^ "Brownsea II (Double-two) (Leadership Development) 1976 - Present". San Francisco Bay Area Council. Retrieved October 31, 2011.
- ^ Brownsea-JLT Course - 2002. San Francisco Bay Area Council. 2002.
- ^ Troop Leader Training Conference Staff Guide. Boy Scouts of America. 1979.
- ^ "The Science of Boy Scouting". Retrieved September 2, 2010.
- ^ "Brownsea II Leadership Training Program" (PDF). Irving, Texas: Boy Scouts of America. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 16, 2008. Retrieved September 3, 2008.
- ^ a b "Description of NYLT". Rip Van Winkle Council. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
- ^ a b Orans, Lew (April 2, 2008). "The Pine Tree Web". Archived from the original on May 15, 2008. Retrieved September 3, 2008.
- ^ "JLT and Woodbadge Observations". July 3, 2002. Archived from the original on January 10, 2005. Retrieved July 30, 2008.
- ^ Orans, Lew (April 12, 1997). "Some Comments on the 1995 Revisions Junior Leader Training Conference Staff Guide". Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved September 3, 2008.
- ^ Junior Leader Training Conference Staff Guide (#34533A). Irving, Texas & New Brunswick, New Jersey: Boy Scouts of America. 1995–2003. ISBN 0-8395-4533-9.
- ^ National Youth Leadership Training Staff Guide. Boy Scouts of America. 2004. Staff Guide–1.
- ^ National Youth Leadership Training (PDF). 34490. Irving, Texas: Boy Scouts of America. 2004. Staff Guide-2. ISBN 0-8395-4490-1. Retrieved May 11, 2009.
- ^ National Youth Leadership Training. 34490. Irving, Texas: Boy Scouts of America. 2011. ISBN 978-0-8395-4490-6. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
- ^ "Welcome to the Grey Wolf 2012". Northern Star Council. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
- ^ "National Youth Leadership Training Top Gun". Mecklenburg County Council. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
- ^ "Brownsea Staff" (PDF). San Francisco Bay Area Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 25, 2012. Retrieved November 9, 2011.