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{{Short description|Overview of religion in Curaçao}} |
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'''Religion in |
'''Religion in Curaçao''' has played an important role in the islands history and culture. The island, a [[Administrative division|constituent country]] of the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]], is predominately [[Roman Catholic]].<ref name="CIACuraçao">{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/curacao/|title=Central America and Caribbean: Curaçao|date=19 October 2021|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}}</ref> Although significant minorities of other faiths exist. |
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==Christianity== |
==Christianity== |
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Curaçao is a primarily |
Curaçao is a primarily Christian nation.{{cn|date=May 2024}} Christianity in the nation differs heavily across person to person, with several denominations having a presence on the island. |
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===Catholicism=== |
===Catholicism=== |
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[[File:Basilica Santa Ana, Willemstad, Curaçao.jpg|thumb|[[Basilica of St. Anne, Willemstad|Basilica of St. Anne]] in [[Willemstad, Curaçao]]]] |
[[File:Basilica Santa Ana, Willemstad, Curaçao.jpg|thumb|[[Basilica of St. Anne, Willemstad|Basilica of St. Anne]] in [[Willemstad, Curaçao]]]] |
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Curaçao is mostly Catholic, with 72.8% of Curaçao's population being members of the Catholic church.<ref name="CIACuraçao"/> |
Curaçao is mostly Catholic, with 72.8% of Curaçao's population being members of the Catholic church.<ref name="CIACuraçao"/> |
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The entire island falls within the jurisdiction of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Willemstad]], which also extends to [[Aruba]], [[Bonaire]], [[Saba (island)|Saba]], [[Sint Eustatius]], and [[Sint Maarten]]. The bishop of the diocese is [[Luigi Antonio Secco]], who was ordained in 2001.<ref>{{cite web |title=Catholic Hierarchy|url=https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bsecco.html |website=Catholic Hierarchy |access-date=11 April 2024}}</ref> |
The entire island falls within the jurisdiction of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Willemstad]], which also extends to [[Aruba]], [[Bonaire]], [[Saba (island)|Saba]], [[Sint Eustatius]], and [[Sint Maarten]]. The bishop of the diocese is [[Luigi Antonio Secco]], who was ordained in 2001.<ref>{{cite web |title=Catholic Hierarchy|url=https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bsecco.html |website=Catholic Hierarchy |access-date=11 April 2024}}</ref> |
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Catholicism was introduced to the island in 1525 by [[Juan Martínez de Ampiés]], who made an attempt to convert [[Arawak]] natives he was deporting as slave labor to [[Hispaniola]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=Curazao Hispanico, antagonismo Flamenco-Espanol |author=Carlos Felice Cardot|language=es |url= |location=Caracas, Ediciones de la Presidencia de la Republica |date=1982 |pages=350 | |
Catholicism was introduced to the island in 1525 by [[Juan Martínez de Ampiés]], who made an attempt to convert [[Arawak]] natives he was deporting as slave labor to [[Hispaniola]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=Curazao Hispanico, antagonismo Flamenco-Espanol |author=Carlos Felice Cardot|language=es |url= |location=Caracas, Ediciones de la Presidencia de la Republica |date=1982 |pages=350 |isbn=}}</ref> Later, a mission was constructed by six Catholic spainards.<ref>{{cite web |title=Spanish Colonial Period 1499 - 1634 |url=https://www.curacaohistory.com/1525-curacao-evangelization |website=Curacao History |access-date=11 April 2024}}</ref> |
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In 1751, Curaçao's first Roman Catholic church was constructed. The [[Basilica of St. Anne, Willemstad|Basilica of St. Anne]] was built by a Puerto-Rican clergyman in [[Otrabanda]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Dutch Colonial Period till Great Slave Revolt 1634 - 1795 |url=https://www.curacaohistory.com/1751-first-catholic-church-in-curacao |website=Curacao History |access-date=11 April 2024}}</ref> The church currently serves as the co-cathedral, alongside the [[Queen of the Most Holy Rosary Cathedral, Willemstad|Queen of the Most Holy Rosary Cathedral]], of the Diocese of Willemstad.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uV4EAAAAMBAJ|title=Black Enterprise|last=Ltd|first=Earl G. Graves|date=1988-05-01|publisher=Earl G. Graves, Ltd.|language=en}}</ref> |
In 1751, Curaçao's first Roman Catholic church was constructed. The [[Basilica of St. Anne, Willemstad|Basilica of St. Anne]] was built by a Puerto-Rican clergyman in [[Otrabanda]].<ref name="Hist0">{{cite web |title=Dutch Colonial Period till Great Slave Revolt 1634 - 1795 |url=https://www.curacaohistory.com/1751-first-catholic-church-in-curacao |website=Curacao History |access-date=11 April 2024}}</ref> The church currently serves as the co-cathedral, alongside the [[Queen of the Most Holy Rosary Cathedral, Willemstad|Queen of the Most Holy Rosary Cathedral]], of the Diocese of Willemstad.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uV4EAAAAMBAJ|title=Black Enterprise|last=Ltd|first=Earl G. Graves|date=1988-05-01|publisher=Earl G. Graves, Ltd.|language=en}}</ref> |
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===Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints=== |
===Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints=== |
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{{See also|The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Lesser Antilles|}} |
{{See also|The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Lesser Antilles|}} |
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[[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] has a small presence in Curaçao. The church operates one congregation with 582 members located in Willemstad.<ref>{{citation|url=https://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/facts-and-statistics/country/curacao|title=Facts and Statistics: Statistics by Country: Curaçao|work=Newsroom|publisher=LDS Church}}</ref> The congregation's meetinghouse operates a [[FamilySearch Center]].<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.familysearch.org/centers/locations/?c=Curaçao|title=Category:Curaçao Family History Centers Map|publisher=familysearch.org|access-date=May 23, 2023}}</ref> The congregation is part of the ABC Islands District of the Churches jurisdiction. |
[[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] has a small presence in Curaçao. The church operates one congregation with 582 members located in Willemstad.<ref>{{citation|url=https://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/facts-and-statistics/country/curacao|title=Facts and Statistics: Statistics by Country: Curaçao|work=Newsroom|publisher=LDS Church}}</ref> The congregation's meetinghouse operates a [[FamilySearch Center]].<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.familysearch.org/centers/locations/?c=Curaçao|title=Category:Curaçao Family History Centers Map|publisher=familysearch.org|access-date=May 23, 2023}}</ref> The congregation is part of the ABC Islands District of the Churches jurisdiction. |
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===Protestant=== |
===Protestant=== |
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Though the Netherlands is mostly Protestant, they sparingly made efforts to spread the faith to their colony in Curaçao. However, some attempts were still made. In 1635 the first Protestant, a Dutch preacher named Fredericus Vitteus, arrived on the Island.<ref name="Hist0"/> Following the conquest of Curaçao by the [[Dutch West India Company]], the Dutch began construction of [[Fort Amsterdam (Curacao)|Fort Amsterdam]]. For the Dutch colonists stationed at the fort, a [[Dutch Reformed Church]] was built.<ref>{{cite web |website=Reli Curaçao |url=https://relicuracao.webs.com/protestantse-kerken |title=Protestantse Kerken |access-date=11 April 2024 |language=nl |archive-date=17 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617004357/https://relicuracao.webs.com/protestantse-kerken |url-status=dead }}</ref> The church, known as the [[Fort Church, Curaçao|Fort Church]], is still in operation as part of the [[United Protestant Church of Curaçao]].<ref>{{cite web|website=Curaçao Monuments |url=https://curacaomonuments.org/sites/fort-amsterdam-fort-church/ |title=Fort Amsterdam – Fort |access-date=11 April 2024}}</ref> |
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==Hinduism== |
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{{See also|Hinduism in the Caribbean|}} |
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Hinduism comprises a small minority in Curaçao, making up about 0.5% of the island's population.<ref name="CIACuraçao"/> Like most Caribbean islands, Hinduism is primarily practiced by local [[Indo-Caribbean]] populations. Hinduism in Curaçao originated with indentured labourers who were brought from India to the Caribbean between the years 1838 and 1920.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Persaud |first1=Prea |title=Hindu Diasporas |pages=92–115 |url=https://academic.oup.com/book/47098/chapter-abstract/416164028?redirectedFrom=fulltext |access-date=11 April 2024}}</ref> |
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==Islam== |
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{{See also|Islam in the Netherlands Antilles|}} |
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[[File:Moscuraçao.jpg|thumb|Curaçao Islamic Center]] |
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Curaçao has the largest population of Muslims in the former [[Netherlands Antilles]], most of whom are immigrants from [[Lebanon]], [[Syria]] and [[Suriname]].<ref>[http://www.studycountry.com/guide/AN-religion.htm Religion in Netherlands Antilles]</ref> The [[Omar bin Al-Khattab Mosque]] in Otrobanda is the only mosque on the island and the former Netherlands Antilles.{{cn|date=May 2024}} |
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==Judaism== |
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{{Main article|History of the Jews in Curaçao|}} |
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[[File:Curaçao synagogue1.jpg|thumb|upright|The [[Mikvé Israel-Emanuel Synagogue]] is the oldest currently standing synagogue in the [[Western hemisphere]].]] |
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Curaçao's Jewish community has had a profound impact on the islands history.<ref name="hist1">{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Curacao.html|title=Curacao Virtual Jewish History Tour|website=jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}</ref> |
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Curaçao is home to the [[Mikvé Israel-Emanuel Synagogue]], which is the [[historic synagogues#South America and Caribbean|oldest currently active synagogue]] in the Americas. |
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[[Sephardic Jews]] originally migrated to Curaçao from [[Spain]] to escape oppression. This was part of a larger [[Sephardic Jews in the Netherlands|migration to the Netherlands]] which was also taking place. The Jews quickly established themselves on the island, becoming prominent in the trading economy of Curaçao.{{sfn|Goldish|2002|p=5}} The island's Jewish population grew quickly, and by 1785 about 40 percent, of the island's European population were Sephardic Jews.{{sfn|Goldish|2002|p=5}} |
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As of the most recent census, Curaçao has a Jewish population of about 300.<ref name="CIACuraçao"/> |
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==Montamentu== |
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{{Main article|Montamentu|}} |
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Montamentu is a [[Religious syncretism|syncretic]] [[Afro-Caribbean]] faith practiced in Curaçao. An [[African diaspora religion]], the faith has origins in the [[transatlantic slave trade]]. Montamentu is [[polytheistic]] and pays reverence to Roman Catholic saints, as well as African deities.<ref>{{cite book| title= Tambú: Curaçao's African-Caribbean Ritual and the Politics of Memory| first= Nanette |last=de Jong| publisher= Indiana University Press|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=VKdTULXFzSEC&q=montamentu| year= 2012| pages= 17, 24| isbn= 978-0253356543 }}</ref> |
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===Citations=== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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===Bibliography=== |
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{{refbegin}} |
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*{{cite web|last1=Goldish|first1=Josette Capriles|title=The Girls They Left Behind: Curaçao's Jewish Women in the Nineteenth Century|date=17 October 2002|url=http://www.brandeis.edu/hbi/publications/workingpapers/docs/goldish.pdf|access-date=4 December 2016|publisher=Brandeis University|location=Waltham, Massachusetts|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220051001/http://www.brandeis.edu/hbi/publications/workingpapers/docs/goldish.pdf|url-status=dead}} |
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{{refend}} |
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[[Category:Religion in Curaçao| ]] |
Latest revision as of 17:47, 7 May 2024
Religion in Curaçao has played an important role in the islands history and culture. The island, a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, is predominately Roman Catholic.[1] Although significant minorities of other faiths exist.
Christianity
Curaçao is a primarily Christian nation.[citation needed] Christianity in the nation differs heavily across person to person, with several denominations having a presence on the island.
Catholicism
Curaçao is mostly Catholic, with 72.8% of Curaçao's population being members of the Catholic church.[1]
The entire island falls within the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Willemstad, which also extends to Aruba, Bonaire, Saba, Sint Eustatius, and Sint Maarten. The bishop of the diocese is Luigi Antonio Secco, who was ordained in 2001.[2]
Catholicism was introduced to the island in 1525 by Juan Martínez de Ampiés, who made an attempt to convert Arawak natives he was deporting as slave labor to Hispaniola.[3] Later, a mission was constructed by six Catholic spainards.[4]
In 1751, Curaçao's first Roman Catholic church was constructed. The Basilica of St. Anne was built by a Puerto-Rican clergyman in Otrabanda.[5] The church currently serves as the co-cathedral, alongside the Queen of the Most Holy Rosary Cathedral, of the Diocese of Willemstad.[6]
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has a small presence in Curaçao. The church operates one congregation with 582 members located in Willemstad.[7] The congregation's meetinghouse operates a FamilySearch Center.[8] The congregation is part of the ABC Islands District of the Churches jurisdiction.
Protestant
Though the Netherlands is mostly Protestant, they sparingly made efforts to spread the faith to their colony in Curaçao. However, some attempts were still made. In 1635 the first Protestant, a Dutch preacher named Fredericus Vitteus, arrived on the Island.[5] Following the conquest of Curaçao by the Dutch West India Company, the Dutch began construction of Fort Amsterdam. For the Dutch colonists stationed at the fort, a Dutch Reformed Church was built.[9] The church, known as the Fort Church, is still in operation as part of the United Protestant Church of Curaçao.[10]
Hinduism
Hinduism comprises a small minority in Curaçao, making up about 0.5% of the island's population.[1] Like most Caribbean islands, Hinduism is primarily practiced by local Indo-Caribbean populations. Hinduism in Curaçao originated with indentured labourers who were brought from India to the Caribbean between the years 1838 and 1920.[11]
Islam
Curaçao has the largest population of Muslims in the former Netherlands Antilles, most of whom are immigrants from Lebanon, Syria and Suriname.[12] The Omar bin Al-Khattab Mosque in Otrobanda is the only mosque on the island and the former Netherlands Antilles.[citation needed]
Judaism
Curaçao's Jewish community has had a profound impact on the islands history.[13]
Curaçao is home to the Mikvé Israel-Emanuel Synagogue, which is the oldest currently active synagogue in the Americas.
Sephardic Jews originally migrated to Curaçao from Spain to escape oppression. This was part of a larger migration to the Netherlands which was also taking place. The Jews quickly established themselves on the island, becoming prominent in the trading economy of Curaçao.[14] The island's Jewish population grew quickly, and by 1785 about 40 percent, of the island's European population were Sephardic Jews.[14]
As of the most recent census, Curaçao has a Jewish population of about 300.[1]
Montamentu
Montamentu is a syncretic Afro-Caribbean faith practiced in Curaçao. An African diaspora religion, the faith has origins in the transatlantic slave trade. Montamentu is polytheistic and pays reverence to Roman Catholic saints, as well as African deities.[15]
References
Citations
- ^ a b c d "Central America and Caribbean: Curaçao". CIA The World Factbook. 19 October 2021.
- ^ "Catholic Hierarchy". Catholic Hierarchy. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
- ^ Carlos Felice Cardot (1982). Curazao Hispanico, antagonismo Flamenco-Espanol (in Spanish). Caracas, Ediciones de la Presidencia de la Republica. p. 350.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Spanish Colonial Period 1499 - 1634". Curacao History. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
- ^ a b "Dutch Colonial Period till Great Slave Revolt 1634 - 1795". Curacao History. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
- ^ Ltd, Earl G. Graves (1988-05-01). Black Enterprise. Earl G. Graves, Ltd.
- ^ "Facts and Statistics: Statistics by Country: Curaçao", Newsroom, LDS Church
- ^ Category:Curaçao Family History Centers Map, familysearch.org, retrieved May 23, 2023
- ^ "Protestantse Kerken". Reli Curaçao (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 17 June 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
- ^ "Fort Amsterdam – Fort". Curaçao Monuments. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
- ^ Persaud, Prea. Hindu Diasporas. pp. 92–115. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
- ^ Religion in Netherlands Antilles
- ^ "Curacao Virtual Jewish History Tour". jewishvirtuallibrary.org.
- ^ a b Goldish 2002, p. 5.
- ^ de Jong, Nanette (2012). Tambú: Curaçao's African-Caribbean Ritual and the Politics of Memory. Indiana University Press. pp. 17, 24. ISBN 978-0253356543.
Bibliography
- Goldish, Josette Capriles (17 October 2002). "The Girls They Left Behind: Curaçao's Jewish Women in the Nineteenth Century" (PDF). Waltham, Massachusetts: Brandeis University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 4 December 2016.