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==Accused== |
==Accused== |
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Police identified the suspect as Hadi Matar, a 24-year-old man from [[Fairview, New Jersey]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news|last1=Singh|first1=Kanishka|last2=Allen|first2=Jonathan|date=August 12, 2022|title=Salman Rushdie is stabbed in the neck at a New York lecture|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/author-salman-rushdie-attacked-stage-event-new-york-sky-news-2022-08-12/|url-status=live|access-date=August 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812170728/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/author-salman-rushdie-attacked-stage-event-new-york-sky-news-2022-08-12/|archive-date=August 12, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Root|first1=Jay|last2=Gelles|first2=David|last3=Harris|first3=Elizabeth A.|last4=Jacobs|first4=Julia|date=August 12, 2022|title=Salman Rushdie on Ventilator Hours After Being Stabbed in Western New York|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/08/12/nyregion/salman-rushdie-stabbed-new-york|access-date=August 14, 2022|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=August 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812163021/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/08/12/nyregion/salman-rushdie-stabbed-new-york|url-status=live}}</ref> He was born in California.<ref name="AP Off Ventilator"/> His parents emigrated from [[Yaroun]] in the south of Lebanon.<ref name="AP Off Ventilator"/> Reporters who visited his ancestral home village of Yaroun witnessed flags of Iran-backed [[Hezbollah]], and portraits of [[Hassan Nasrallah]], [[Ali Khamenei]], [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], and [[Qasem Soleimani]]. Hezbollah instructed the journalists to leave.<ref name="AP Off Ventilator"/> Matar's father returned to Southern Lebanon several years ago and lives in Yaroun, and according to the Yaroun's mayor Ali Tehfe, Matar's father locked himself in his house since the attack and is refusing to speak to |
Police identified the suspect as Hadi Matar, a 24-year-old man from [[Fairview, New Jersey]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news|last1=Singh|first1=Kanishka|last2=Allen|first2=Jonathan|date=August 12, 2022|title=Salman Rushdie is stabbed in the neck at a New York lecture|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/author-salman-rushdie-attacked-stage-event-new-york-sky-news-2022-08-12/|url-status=live|access-date=August 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812170728/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/author-salman-rushdie-attacked-stage-event-new-york-sky-news-2022-08-12/|archive-date=August 12, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Root|first1=Jay|last2=Gelles|first2=David|last3=Harris|first3=Elizabeth A.|last4=Jacobs|first4=Julia|date=August 12, 2022|title=Salman Rushdie on Ventilator Hours After Being Stabbed in Western New York|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/08/12/nyregion/salman-rushdie-stabbed-new-york|access-date=August 14, 2022|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=August 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812163021/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/08/12/nyregion/salman-rushdie-stabbed-new-york|url-status=live}}</ref> He was born in California.<ref name="AP Off Ventilator"/> His parents emigrated from [[Yaroun]] in the south of Lebanon.<ref name="AP Off Ventilator"/> Reporters who visited his ancestral home village of Yaroun witnessed flags of Iran-backed [[Hezbollah]], and portraits of [[Hassan Nasrallah]], [[Ali Khamenei]], [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], and [[Qasem Soleimani]]. Hezbollah instructed the journalists to leave.<ref name="AP Off Ventilator"/> Matar's father returned to Southern Lebanon several years ago and lives in Yaroun, and according to the Yaroun's mayor Ali Tehfe, Matar's father locked himself in his house since the attack and is refusing to speak to anyone.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reuters |date=2022-08-14 |title=Suspect's father refuses to speak about Salman Rushdie attack |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/suspects-father-refuses-speak-about-rushdie-attack-lebanon-town-mayor-2022-08-14/ |access-date=2022-08-15}}</ref> |
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Matar's mother said he had changed after a 2018 trip to Lebanon to visit his father and had isolated himself, becoming more religiously inclined. She disowned her son and hoped that Rushdie would get well. The mother said that Matar barely worked and never had a girlfriend.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Beirut |first=Oliver Moody, Berlin {{!}} Anchal Vohra |title=Hadi Matar: Rushdie suspect's mother says he changed after Middle East trip |newspaper=[[The Times]] |language=en |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/hadi-matar-rushdie-suspects-mother-says-he-changed-after-middle-east-trip-z9f52g3rp |access-date=2022-08-15 |issn=0140-0460}}</ref> |
Matar's mother said he had changed after a 2018 trip to Lebanon to visit his father and had isolated himself, becoming more religiously inclined. She disowned her son and hoped that Rushdie would get well. The mother said that Matar barely worked and never had a girlfriend.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Beirut |first=Oliver Moody, Berlin {{!}} Anchal Vohra |title=Hadi Matar: Rushdie suspect's mother says he changed after Middle East trip |newspaper=[[The Times]] |language=en |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/hadi-matar-rushdie-suspects-mother-says-he-changed-after-middle-east-trip-z9f52g3rp |access-date=2022-08-15 |issn=0140-0460}}</ref> |
Revision as of 10:28, 15 August 2022
Stabbing of Salman Rushdie | |
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Part of Islamic terrorism in the United States | |
![]() Amphitheater stage where the attack occurred, as seen on July 20, 2022 | |
![]() | |
Location | Chautauqua Amphitheater[1] Chautauqua Institution, Chautauqua, New York, U.S. |
Coordinates | 42°12′30″N 79°27′51″W / 42.2084°N 79.4643°W |
Date | August 12, 2022 c. 10:47 am[2] (EDT) |
Target | Salman Rushdie |
Attack type | Stabbing |
Injured | 2 |
Arrests | 1 |
Motive | Islamic extremism[3] (attempted realization of fatwa against Rushdie) |
Accused | Hadi Matar |
Charges |
On August 12, 2022, a man stabbed Indian-born British-American novelist Salman Rushdie multiple times as he was about to give a public lecture at the Chautauqua Institution in Chautauqua, New York, United States.[4][5][6] The co-founder of City of Asylum, Henry Reese, who was also onstage and about to begin interviewing Rushdie, sustained a minor head injury during the assault. A 24-year-old suspect, Hadi Matar, was arrested at the scene. Matar was charged the following day with attempted murder and assault.
Rushdie had been living under threat of assassination since the Iranian government called for his execution and set a bounty for his death following the publication of his fourth novel, The Satanic Verses, in 1988.
Background
Salman Rushdie's fourth novel, The Satanic Verses, garnered both critical acclaim and threats from hardliner Shia Muslims following its publication in 1988. In 1989, Ayatollah Khomeini, the Supreme Leader of Iran, issued a fatwa calling for Rushdie's assassination,[7][8] and Rushdie was forced into hiding for several years.[9] In the years prior to the stabbing, Rushdie traveled without a security detail, and the Chautauqua festival where he was speaking was known for an "accessible" and "relaxed environment".[2]
The Execution of Imam's Order Directive set a US$ 3 million bounty on Rushdie, with the 15 Khordad Foundation offering to pay it.[10]
The bounty against Rushdie has never been lifted, though in 1998 the government of Iran looked to separate itself from the fatwa and pledged to cease to urge that it be carried out. However, the Supreme Leader of Iran, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei reaffirmed in 2017 that the edict remained, saying,"The decree is as Imam Khomeini issued."[11][12]
In the aftermath, the Foundation remained quiet and declined to answer the Associated Press.[13]
Two weeks before he was stabbed, Rushdie told German current affairs magazine Stern that "nowadays my life is very normal again", and that social media would have made his life "more dangerous, infinitely more dangerous" had it existed in the 1980s.[14]
Attack
On August 12, at around 10:47 a.m. EDT,[2] an attacker rushed the stage of Chautauqua Institution, where Rushdie was about to give a talk about the United States as a safe haven for exiled writers. The assailant stabbed him in the abdomen and the neck, the police and witnesses said, straining to continue the attack even as several people held him back.[2] The co-founder of City of Asylum, Henry Reese, was also onstage at the time, about to begin interviewing Rushdie; he sustained a minor head injury during the assault.[15] A doctor, who was present for the lecture, immediately tended to Rushdie.[16]
A New York state trooper and a sheriff's deputy, both of whom were present at the event, arrested the assailant at the scene.[17][18][19]
Rushdie was flown by helicopter to UPMC Hamot, a tertiary-level hospital in Erie, Pennsylvania.[20] The novelist's literary agent, Andrew Wylie, said on the evening of August 12 that Rushdie had undergone surgery, and was on a ventilator, unable to speak. Wylie said that Rushdie faced the prospect of losing one of his eyes, in addition to the possibility of liver damage and multiple severed nerves in one arm.[2][4][21]
On August 13, a local district attorney expounded on the nature of Rushdie's injuries, confirming four wounds to the stomach area of his abdomen, three wounds to the right side of the front part of his neck, one wound to his right eye, one wound to his chest and one wound to his right thigh.[22] Later that day, Wylie said that Rushdie had been taken off the ventilator and was able to speak and joke.[23][24] On August 14, Wylie said that Rushdie was on the "road to recovery", adding, "it will be long; the injuries are severe, but his condition is headed in the right direction."[25]
Accused
Police identified the suspect as Hadi Matar, a 24-year-old man from Fairview, New Jersey.[19][26][27] He was born in California.[23] His parents emigrated from Yaroun in the south of Lebanon.[23] Reporters who visited his ancestral home village of Yaroun witnessed flags of Iran-backed Hezbollah, and portraits of Hassan Nasrallah, Ali Khamenei, Ruhollah Khomeini, and Qasem Soleimani. Hezbollah instructed the journalists to leave.[23] Matar's father returned to Southern Lebanon several years ago and lives in Yaroun, and according to the Yaroun's mayor Ali Tehfe, Matar's father locked himself in his house since the attack and is refusing to speak to anyone.[28]
Matar's mother said he had changed after a 2018 trip to Lebanon to visit his father and had isolated himself, becoming more religiously inclined. She disowned her son and hoped that Rushdie would get well. The mother said that Matar barely worked and never had a girlfriend.[29]
A source in law enforcement told local news that Matar's social media accounts indicated support for the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and for "Shia extremism".[30] The New York Post, referencing law enforcement, reported that Matar expressed views in support of the Iranian government.[16] Matar was carrying a fake driver's license using a name evoking that of a killed Hezbollah militant, Imad Mughniyeh.[31][32][33] Matar had obtained an advance pass to attend the event.[31][34][33]
Hezbollah supporters hailed the attacker on social media, calling him a hero, and using the hashtag "holy stabbing" in posts.[35]
Investigation
The investigation into Rushdie's stabbing is being led by the New York State Police, with assistance from the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Chautauqua County's district attorney.[36]
The suspect, Matar, was charged in state court with attempted second-degree murder and second-degree assault and remanded without bail.[37] Through an attorney, he pleaded not guilty to the charges.[23][11]
Aftermath
Reactions
A spokesperson for the Biden administration in the United States issued a statement publicly condemning the attack.[38] UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson, Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese, French President Emmanuel Macron, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and German Chancellor Olaf Scholz also issued statements of outrage over the attack and expressed well-wishes for Rushdie.[38][39][40][41][42][43]
In India, where the novel is set and which was the first to ban it, the response was mostly muted; most political leaders, writers and public figures, barring a few, remained silent on the issue. The Guardian noted that the silence on the issue from Indian Muslim leaders was due to heightened religious tensions in the country in recent years which they were choosing not to further ignite with the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party which has also remained silent. Natwar Singh, the former foreign minister who originally advised then Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi to ban the book, justified his actions in the aftermath of the attack saying "The entire Muslim world is going to flare up. We have a large number of Muslims and apart from that, what the book contains at this time is not acceptable." Among Indian politicians who condemned the attack were Kerala Governor Arif Mohammad Khan, Shashi Tharoor and Karti Chidambaram of the Indian National Congress, Communist Party of India (Marxist) general secretary Sitaram Yechury, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) leader Kavita Krishnan and Shiv Sena MP Priyanka Chaturvedi.[44][45][46]
The CEO of PEN America commented, "We cannot immediately think of any comparable incident of a public violent attack on a writer during a literary event here in the United States."[2] The New York Times reported that the incident sent "ripples of 'shock and horror' through the literary world".[47] Nobel laureates Kazuo Ishiguro and Abdulrazak Gurnah were among the first to issue statements defending Rushdie, while his fellow Booker Prize winners Ian McEwan and Arundhati Roy also condemned the stabbing.[48] Islamic studies expert Kylie Moore-Gilbert wrote: "More than 30 years and a $3 million bounty later, Khomeini's poisonous fatwa has finally caught up with Salman Rushdie. A black day for freedoms of speech, expression, religion & conscience. A tragic day for literature."[49] Behrouz Boochani, an Iranian journalist in exile, condemned the stabbing of Rushdie, calling it an "attack on freedom of speech".[50] Paul Tighe, secretary of the Pontifical Council for Culture, spoke in support of Rushdie as he opened an exhibition the day after the attack.[51] Rushdie's son Zafar emphasized the lens through which the author sees the attack: "Free speech is the whole thing, the whole ball game. Free speech is life itself."[52]
The assault on Rushdie coincided with a renewed interest in obtaining copies of The Satanic Verses, with the novel ranked number thirteen on Amazon.com by the afternoon afterwards.[23]
Iran has officially denied any involvement in the attack against Rushdie.[53] According to The Observer, senior officials in Iran linked the stabbing to nuclear talks between Iran and the United States.[54] Iranian-American political analyst Mohammad Marandi, a member of Iran's nuclear negotiations team, wrote: "I won't be shedding tears for a writer who spouts endless hatred & contempt for Muslims & Islam."[55] Marandi also alluded to a conspiracy theory suggesting that the action reflected an attempt by Iran's enemies to harm its brand, writing "is it a coincidence that just when we are on the verge of revitalising the nuclear agreement, America makes claims about an attempted assassination of Bolton and then this happens?"[56]
Within Iran, the attack was widely welcomed by most conservative newspapers, with the exception of reformist publication Etemad,[57] as well as the state broadcaster, who referred to Rushdie as an apostate (one who has renounced their religion).[58][59][60][61]
In Lebanon, Iran-backed Hezbollah denied any prior knowledge of the incident.[62]
British writer J. K. Rowling received a Twitter message shortly after the stabbing of Salman Rushdie which stated "you are next". She shared screenshots and said that police were investigating the incident.[relevant?][63][64][65]
Security issues
Questions were raised after the stabbing of Rushdie about security at the event, although a state trooper and a sheriff's officer were present.[66] Michael Hill, President of the Chautauqua Institution, stated that it had ensured law enforcement officers were present for the event.[16] He described the assault on Rushdie as "unlike anything in [the institution's] nearly 150-year history".[16] However, one eyewitness claimed that there was no security onstage.[67][68] A lawyer attending the event said food and drink was prevented from being brought into the amphitheater, but there was no check for weapons.[14]
It emerged that the leadership of the Chautauqua Institution disregarded recommendations for security precautions because they felt it would alienate the audience from the speakers.[69] Following the attack, the Chautauqua Institution announced it would require guests to furnish photo IDs to buy gate passes, which could be purchased anonymously before. Carried bags will also be banned in the amphitheater.[23]
References
- ^ Sommer, Mark; Becker, Maki. "Suspect identified after author Salman Rushdie stabbed in neck at Chautauqua Institution". The Buffalo News. Archived from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved August 12, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f Gelles, David; Root, Jay; Harris, Elizabeth (August 12, 2022). "Live Updates: Salman Rushdie Is Stabbed During Speech in Western New York". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on August 12, 2022. Retrieved August 12, 2022.
- ^ Agencies, The New Arab Staff & (August 13, 2022). "Salman Rushdie attacker 'sympathetic to Shia extremism'". english.alaraby.co.uk/. Archived from the original on August 15, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.
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- ^ Root, Jay; Gelles, David; Harris, Elizabeth A.; Jacobs, Julia (August 12, 2022). "Salman Rushdie on Ventilator Hours After Being Stabbed in Western New York". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on August 12, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.
- ^ Reuters (August 14, 2022). "Suspect's father refuses to speak about Salman Rushdie attack". Reuters. Retrieved August 15, 2022.
{{cite news}}
:|last=
has generic name (help) - ^ Beirut, Oliver Moody, Berlin | Anchal Vohra. "Hadi Matar: Rushdie suspect's mother says he changed after Middle East trip". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved August 15, 2022.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Goodman, Joshua (August 12, 2022). "Who Is Hadi Matar? NJ Man Charged With Attempted Murder in Salman Rushdie Attack". WNBC. Archived from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.
- ^ a b "Attaque contre Salman Rushdie : ce que l'on sait de Hadi Matar, son agresseur présumé". Le Figaro (in French). August 13, 2022. Archived from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022.
- ^ Mathers, Matt (August 14, 2022). "Salman Rushdie taken off ventilator and talking as Hadi Matar pleads not guilty". The Independent. Archived from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.
- ^ a b Ensor, Josie (August 13, 2022). "Salman Rushdie stabbing suspect Hadi Matar 'had fake driving licence using name of Hizbollah leader'". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022.
- ^ Hurley, Bevan; Hirwani, Peony; Mathers, Matt (August 13, 2022). "Salman Rushdie – latest: Author on ventilator as venue 'rejected advice to tighten security'". The Independent. Archived from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022.
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- ^ "Salman Rushdie off ventilator and talking after stabbing attack". NPR.
- ^ "Iran denies being involved in attack on Salman Rushdie". Arab News. August 15, 2022. Retrieved August 15, 2022.
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