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Unreferenced
Here's a list of people I've removed from the list because they lack references, please re-add them when/if you can find a reference to their conversion to Christianity. Thanks! Ncboy2010 (talk) 13:25, 15 March 2012 (UTC)
Unreferenced converts from Islam to christianity
- Aslan Abashidze - leader of the Ajarian Autonomous Republic in western Georgia. Abashidze was born into a renowned Muslim Ajarian family, a branch of the Abashidze princely house.
- Rotimi Adebari - a Nigerian-born Irish politician and the first black mayor in Ireland.
- Mehmet Ali Ağca - Turkish born who attempt to murder Pope John Paul II in 1981. He became a Catholic during his time in prison.
- Ibrahim Ben Ali - a soldier, physician and one of the earliest American settlers of Turkish origin.
- Maria Aurora of Spiegel - born as Fatima, mistress of Augustus II of Saxony
- Sarah Balabagan - a Filipina prisoner in the United Arab Emirates during 1994 - 96 whose case caused a good deal of controversy.
- Fathima Rifqa Bary - a young woman of Sri Lankan descent who drew international attention in 2009 when, at age 16, she ran away from her Ohio home saying that her Muslim parents are going to kill her for becoming a Christian.
- Bilquis Sheikh- was a prominent member of a noble Muslim Hayat Khattar family from Pakistan and wife of then Minister of Interior Lt Gen Khalid Masud Sheikh. She is known for her high-profile conversion from Islam to Christianity.
- Casilda of Toledo - venerated as a saint of the Catholic Church. According to her legend, St. Casilda, a daughter of a Muslim king of Toledo (called Almacrin or Almamun), showed special kindness to Christian prisoners by carrying bread hidden in her clothes to feed them.
- George XI of Kartli - ruled Kartli, eastern Georgia.
- Momolu Dukuly - politician in Liberia. He left Islam and embraced Christianity before he became foreign minister [1].
- Bahaa el-Din Ahmed Hussein el-Akkad - an Egyptian former Muslim sheikh. For more than 20 years, el-Akkad was a member of the fundamentalist Islamic group Da'wa el Tabligh, which actively proselytized non-Muslims but strictly opposed violence. He also led a mosque community in Al-Haram, in the Giza area adjacent to Cairo. In 1994, he published, Islam: the Religion, a 500-page book reviewing the traditional beliefs and dogmas of Islam. He late became disillusioned with Islam and began to question certain Islamic tenets. A theological discourse with a Christian led him to conduct an intensive study of Christian Scripture, after which he converted to Christianity in January 2005.[citation needed]
- Don Juan of Persia - a late 16th and early 17th century figure in Iran and Spain. He settled in Spain where he became a Roman Catholic.
- Fernão Lopez - first known permanent inhabitant of the remote Island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean.
- Sake Dean Mahomed - an Indian traveller, surgeon and entrepreneur who introduced the Indian take-away curry house restaurant in Britain, and was the first Indian to have written a book in the English language.
- Nunilo and Alodia - a pair of child martyrs from Huesca. Born of a mixed marriage, they eschewed the Islam of their father in favour of their mother's Christianity.
- Malika Oufkir - Moroccan writer, daughter of General Mohamed Oufkir, and former prisoner of King Hassan II of Morocco.
- James Scurry - a British soldier and statesman.
- Zaida of Seville - a refugee Muslim princess who became queen of Alfonso VI of Castile.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Skenderbeu.jpg/150px-Skenderbeu.jpg)
- Jean-Bédel Bokassa – Central African Republic Emperor (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity).[2]
- Ahmed Barzani – Head of Barzani Tribe in Iraqi Kurdistan.[3]
- Ibrahim Njoya – Bamum people religion; back and forth conversions from Islam to Christianity.[4] Also created his own religion.[5]
- Eldridge Cleaver – Conversions/Associations to Nation of Islam then Evangelical Christianity then Mormonism.[6][7]
- Aslan Abashidze – Former leader of the Ajarian Autonomous Republic in western Georgia.[8]
- Rotimi Adebari, first Black mayor in Ireland[9]
- Mehmet Ali Agca – Turkish ultra-nationalist assassin, who shot and wounded Pope John Paul II on May 13, 1981. In early 2009, Agca renounced Islam in prison and announced his intention to convert to the Catholic faith upon release.[10][11]
- Bahaa el-Din Ahmed Hussein el-Akkad – Former Egyptian Muslim sheikh.[12]
- Magdi Allam – Italy's most famous Islamic affairs journalist.[13]
- Hussain Andaryas – Afghan Christian activist and tele-evangelist.[14]
- Josephine Bakhita – Roman Catholic saint from Darfur, Sudan.[15]
- Sarah Balabagan – Filipina prisoner in the United Arab Emirates during 1994 – 96.[16]
- Fathima Rifqa Bary – American teenager of Sri Lankan descent who drew international attention in 2009 when she ran away from home and claimed that her Muslim parents might kill her for having converted to Christianity.[17]
- Abo of Tiflis – Christian activist and the Patron Saint of the city of Tbilisi, Georgia.[18]
- Don Juan of Persia – Late 16th and early 17th century figure in Iran and Spain.[19]
- Utameshgaray of Kazan – Khan of Kazan Khanate.[20]
- Yadegar Moxammat of Kazan – Last khan of Kazan Khanate.[20]
- Sayed Borhan khan – Khan of Qasim Khanate from 1627 to 1679.[20]
- Simeon Bekbulatovich – Khan of Qasim Khanate.[20]
- The Sibirsky family – The foremost of many Genghisid (Shaybanid) noble families formerly living in Russia.[21]
- Maria Temryukovna – Circassian princess, and second wife to Ivan IV of Russia who was born in a Muslim upbringing, and baptised into the Russian Orthodox Church on August 21, 1561.[22]
- The Shihab family – Prominent Lebanese noble family. The family originally belonged to Sunni Islam and converted to Christianity at the end of the 18th century.[23]
- Jacob Frank – 18th century Jewish religious leader who claimed to be the reincarnation of the self-proclaimed messiah Sabbatai Zevi, and also of King David. Frank publicly converted to Islam in 1757 and later to Christianity at Poland in 1759, but actually presented himself as the Messiah of a syncretic derivation of Shabbatai Zevi's Messianism now referred to as Frankism.[24]
- Walid Shoebat – American author and former member of the PLO.[25]
- Hassan Dehqani-Tafti – Anglican Bishop of Iran from 1961 to 1990.[26]
- Ibrahim Ben Ali – Soldier, physician and one of the earliest American settlers of Turkish origin.[27]
- Bob Denard – French soldier and mercenary leader. Converted from Catholicism to Judaism, then Islam and eventually back to Catholicism.[28]
- Nonie Darwish – Egyptian-American writer and public speaker.[29]
- Mehdi Dibaj – Iranian pastor and Christian activist.[30]
- Ghorban Tourani – Former Iranian Sunni Muslim who became a Christian minister. Following multiple murder threats, he was abducted and murdered on November 22, 2005.[31]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Magdi_Cristiano_Allam.jpg/150px-Magdi_Cristiano_Allam.jpg)
- St. George El Mozahem – A coptic saint[32][33][34]
- Patrick Sookhdeo – British Anglican canon[35]
- Mark A. Gabriel- Egyptian writer[36]
- Akbar Gbaja-Biamila – American football player.[37][38]
- Alexander Kazembek – Russian Orientalist, historian and philologist of Azeri origin .[39]
- Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila – American football player.[37]
- Qadry Ismail – Former American football player.[40]
- Raghib Ismail – Former American football player.[41]
- Tunch Ilkin – Former American football player.[42]
- Lina Joy – Malaysian convert to Christianity. The desire to have her conversion recognized was the subject of a court case in Malaysia.[43]
- Carlos Menem – Former President of Argentina. Raised a Muslim but converted to Roman Catholicism, the official religion of Argentina, due to his political aspirations.[44]
- Marina Nemat – Canadian author of Iranian descent and former political prisoner of the Iranian government. Born into a Christian family, she converted to Islam in order to avoid execution but later reverted to Christianity.[45]
- George Weah – Liberian soccer player (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity).[46]
- Momolu Dukuly – Liberian foreign minister.[47]
- Nazli Sabri – Queen consort of Egypt.[48]
- James Scurry – British soldier and statesman.[49]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Emir_Kusturica_Bruxelles05.jpg/160px-Emir_Kusturica_Bruxelles05.jpg)
- Begum Samru – Powerful lady of north India, ruling a large area from Sardhana, Uttar Pradesh.[51]
- Abdul Rahman – Afghan convert to Christianity who escaped the death penalty because of foreign pressure.[52]
- Youcef Nadarkhani – Iranian Christian pastor who has been sentenced to death for apostasy.[53]
- Mathieu Kérékou- President of Benin (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity).[54]
- Sheikh Deen Muhammad – British Indian traveller, surgeon and entrepreneur who introduced shampooing and the Indian take-away curry house restaurant in Britain, and was the first Indian to have written a book in the English language.[55][56]
- Kitty Kirkpatrick – Daughter of James Achilles Kirkpatrick, British Resident in Hyderabad and Khair-un-Nissa, a Hyderabadi noblewoman.[57]
- Emily Ruete – (born Sayyida Salme) Princess of Zanzibar and Oman.[58][59][60]
- Emir Kusturica – a Serbian and Yugoslavian filmmaker and actor.[50][61]
- Daniel Ali- Iraqi Kurdish Christian author and speaker; evangelizes in Catholic, Protestant and Messianic Jewish circles.[62][63]
- Fernão Lopez – Portuguese nobleman, soldier and the first known permanent inhabitant of the remote Island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean.[64]
- Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassky – Russian officer of Circassian origin who led the first Russian military expedition into Central Asia.[65]
- Umar ibn Hafsun – Leader of anti-Ummayad dynasty forces in southern Iberia. Hafsun converted to Christianity with his sons and ruled over several mountain valleys for nearly forty years, having the castle Bobastro as his residence.[66]
- Casilda of Toledo – Saint of the Roman Catholic Church.[67]
- Saint Alodia and Saint Nunilo – Christian martyrs and confessors who were put to death during the reign of Abd ar-Rahman II, Caliph of Córdoba for apostasy.[68]
- Aurelius and Natalia – Christian martyrs who were put to death during the reign of Abd ar-Rahman II, Caliph of Córdoba for apostasy.[69]
- Johannes Avetaranian – (born Muhammad Shukri Efendi), Christian missionary and Turkish descendent of Prophet Muhammad.[70]
- Paul Mulla – Turkish scholar and professor of Islamic Studies at the Pontifical Oriental Institute.[71]
- Hamid Pourmand – Former Iranian army colonel and lay leader of the Jama'at-e Rabbani, the Iranian branch of the Assemblies of God church in Iran.[72]
- Donald Fareed – Iranian Christian tele-evangelist and minister.[73]
- Daveed Gartenstein-Ross- Counter-terrorism expert and attorney (from Judaism to Islam to Christianity).[74][75]
- Zachariah Anani – Former Sunni Muslim Lebanese militia fighter[76]
- Malika Oufkir – Author, activist and former prisoner of the Moroccan Royal Family.[77]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Carlos_menem.jpg/150px-Carlos_menem.jpg)
- Ruffa Gutierrez – Filipina actress, model and former beauty queen (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity)[78]
- Fadhma Aït Mansour – Mother of French writers Jean Amrouche and Taos Amrouche.[79]
- Imad ud-din Lahiz – Prolific Islamic writer, preacher and Quranic translator.[80]
- Dr. Nur Luke – Uyghur Bible translator.[81]
- Hakan Tastan and Turan Topal – Two Turkish Christian converts who went on trial in 2006, on charges of "allegedly insulting 'Turkishness' and inciting religious hatred against Islam".[82]
- Mohammed Hegazy – First Egyptian Muslim convert to Christianity to seek official recognition of his conversion from the Egyptian Government.[83]
- Francis Bok – Sudanese-American activist, convert to Islam from Christianity; but later returned to his Christian faith.[84]
- Josef Mässrur – (born Ghäsim Khan) missionary to Chinese Turkestan with the Mission Union of Sweden.[85]
- Gulshan Esther – Pakistani convert from Islam to Christianity.[86]
- Ubayd-Allah ibn Jahsh – Brother of Zaynab bint Jahsh, the wife of Prophet Muhammad and one of the male Sahaba (companions of the Prophet).[87]
- Jabalah ibn al-Aiham – last ruler of the Ghassanid state in Syria and Jordan in the seventh century AD. After the Islamic conquest of Levant he converted to Islam in AD 638. He reverted to Christianity later on and lived in Anatolia until he died in AD 645.[88]
- Constantine the African – Baghdad-educated Muslim who died in 1087 as a Christian monk at Monte Cassino.[89][90]
- Estevanico – Berber originally from Morocco and one of the early explorers of the Southwestern United States.[91]
- Abraham of Bulgaria – Martyr and saint of the Russian Orthodox Church.[92]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Ramzi_Yousef.gif/150px-Ramzi_Yousef.gif)
- St. Adolphus – Christian martyr who was put to death along with his brother, John, by Abd ar-Rahman II, Caliph of Córdoba for apostasy.[95]
- Nasir Siddiki – Canadian evangelist, author, and business consultant.[96]
- Matthew Ashimolowo – Nigerian-born British pastor and evangelist.[97]
- Michał Czajkowski – Polish-Cossack writer and political emigre who worked both for the resurrection of Poland and the reestablishment of a Cossack Ukraine.[98]
- Stefan Razvan – Gypsy prince who ruled Moldavia for six months in 1595.[99]
- Skanderbeg – Albanian monarch and military leader. Skanderbeg converted to Islam from Christianity but reverted back to Christianity later in life.[1]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Amir_Sjarifuddin.jpg/150px-Amir_Sjarifuddin.jpg)
- Amir Sjarifuddin – Indonesian socialist leader who later became the second prime minister of Indonesia during its National Revolution.[100]
- Dr.Thomas Yayi Boni – President of Benin.[101]
- Al-Mu'eiyyad – Abbasid prince and third son of Abbasid caliph, Al-Mutawakkil. He was converted to Christianity along with his three confidants by St. Theodore of Edessa, accepting the name "John" upon baptism.[102][103]
- Aben Humeya – (born Fernando de Valor) Morisco Chief who was crowned the Emir of Andalusia by his followers and led the Morisco Revolt against Philip II of Spain.[104]
- Rudolf Carl von Slatin – Anglo-Austrian soldier and administrator in the Sudan.[105]
- Shams Pahlavi – Iranian princess and the elder sister of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran.[106]
- Saye Zerbo – President of the republic of Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso).[107]
- Zaida of Seville – Refugee Andalusian Muslim princess who was a mistress and then perhaps queen of Alfonso VI of Castile.[108]
- Djibril Cissé – footballer for club and country.[109][110]
- Sedar Dedeoglu – a Turk who claims to be a descendant of Islam's prophet Muhammad has converted to Christianity while living in Germany.[111]
- Majeed Rashid Mohammed – a Kurdish Christian convert from Islam. He established a network with former Kurdish Muslims with about 2,000 members today.[112]
- Muhsin Muhammad – Football player for Carolina Panthers[113]
- Josephine Bakhita – [15]
- Taysir Abu Saada – a former member of the PLO and the founder of the christian ministry Hope For Ishmael after he converted to christianity. He was Yasir Arafat's personal driver.[114][115]
Notability
Does this article still determine notability on the basis of the fact that an article about the person exists on wikipedia? If so, Ibrahim Abdullah is not a notable entry and ought to be removed.Bless sins (talk) 22:01, 10 April 2012 (UTC)
- Unless there exists an external source verifying the notability of a person and that or another source verifying that said person was a professed christian and one of those two or a third source stating that said person explicitly left christianity for islam, then that person should not be on this list. Blue links can (usually) verify a notable person but don't work for verifying the previous or current religious affiliation. Does that make sense? Ncboy2010 (talk) 14:03, 11 April 2012 (UTC)
Al-Mu'ayyad.
The article states: " there is no Christian or Muslim record remotely associating Muayyad with Christianity or even, indeed, religious speculation. The motives for his murder seem to have been purely political; had he indeed converted, it would have given Mutazz an excuse to murder him for apostasy and been recorded." thus i have removed him from the list. Bakkouz (talk) 08:53, 17 August 2013 (UTC)
Changes by Antimalboraux
Antimalboraux, you have made some recent changes to the page that was done by me with sound reasoning. Is there any reason for such changes? You removed many of my cited sources. I would like to see some rational justifications behind your recent revisions. Xtremedood (talk) 19:11, 21 April 2015 (UTC)
You have made revisions to the following. Here are my reasons for changing them:
- Ibrahim Rugova is rumoured to have converted, however it is debated.
- Zaida was forced to convert to Christianity.[116]
- Estevanico is suspected to have been forced into Christianity or may have kept his Muslim faith hidden.
- Mehmet Ali Ağca - claimed to be the Messiah (different from mainstream Christian belief) and his mental health has been put into question.
- Chamillionaire was raised by his mother, who was Christian, there is no proof he converted (from what I found).
- Sayed Borhan Khan and Utameshgaray of Kazan, were forced to convert to Christianity following the Siege of Kazan in 1552, this is a well-documented account of mass-forced conversions to Christianity following this event. Ivan the terrible got his name for a reason. See the Tatar encyclopedia.
- Converso refers to a people that were largely forced to convert during the inquisition. These mass-forced conversions are well-documented.
- Hansen Clarke is a similar case to Chamillionaire. No proof he converted (that i found).
Is there any reason for your revisions pertaining to these personalities? I believe the reasons given above are sound. Xtremedood (talk) 19:58, 21 April 2015 (UTC)
- Antimalboraux, you have recently reverted an edit I made pertaining to the personality of Maria Huberdina Hertogh. I have checked both sources for your claim that she reconverted, however no where does it say that she reconverted to Catholicism in [2]. The other source is not in English so can you reference the exact point within the source and translate it to English, since this is Wikipedia English? Also, there are sources that seem to say that this was not a kidnapping. Xtremedood (talk) 00:48, 29 April 2015 (UTC)
- I admire and commend your consideration in bringing this issue (at least) to the talk page, as well as your determination in pursuing the veracity of specific sources, however, perhaps at times it is also best to contact the editor in question directly before reverting their contributions a second time. Though, to be fair, there does seem to a blatant disregard for WP:ROWN, at the very least. Gorgevito (talk) 22:51, 12 May 2015 (UTC)
- Gorgevito, you re-added Maria Huberdina Hertogh to the list, any reason why? Do you have a source for that? Xtremedood (talk) 02:34, 15 May 2015 (UTC)
Jeppiz
user:Jeppiz, Hello, you have accused me of not properly discussing matters on the removal of content that appears to irrelevant to the content of the article. I would first like to note that it was not a controversial edit when I made the revert, but your false accusations against me on multiple forums seems to display a striking lack of drive on your part to properly discuss the matter. I disagree your your accusations and I believe that the content that I have excluded is irrelevant to the article. You, however, have the onus to justify keeping this content, which I could not find any similar things on similar articles. Rather than revert my edits you should instead properly engage in effective dialogue on the matter instead. I have a history of engaging in dialogue, even if it takes months to settle the matter, see for example [[3]]. Xtremedood (talk) 11:41, 21 January 2016 (UTC)
- Could I recommend you read WP:NPA and that you discuss matters related to me on my talk page? As for this article, you removed a large chunk of sourced content. Some would see that as vandalism but I do believe you didn't intend it as such. However, asking you to outline why you think the material should be removed is hardly unreasonable, and the onus to explain is on the one wanting to change the article. Jeppiz (talk) 11:44, 21 January 2016 (UTC)
- I am against making personal attacks, which is why I am requesting you to not make such personal attacks on my talk page. What I removed was recently put in the article and I believe that it violates policies of neutrality as no such similar content is found in any related articles. I would recommend discussing such matters before making such controversial revisions. Do you have any justification for keeping the content? Xtremedood (talk) 11:49, 21 January 2016 (UTC)
- It is sourced content and as long as the only argument is that other stuff does or does not exist, I don't think any case has been made for its removal. Could you explain why you want to remove it? Jeppiz (talk) 13:18, 21 January 2016 (UTC)
- Without getting involved in the personal dispute, I would point out that from an uninvolved perspective, it does not make sense for there to be an introductory paragraph/lede in a "List" page. This is just a list, not an article. If properly sourced, the lede paragraph should be covered in Conversion to Christianity in the "Conversion from Islam to Christianity" section. This is not the page for it, as this is, as the title of the page explains, just a list. UnequivocalAmbivalence (talk) 23:26, 21 January 2016 (UTC)
- It is sourced content and as long as the only argument is that other stuff does or does not exist, I don't think any case has been made for its removal. Could you explain why you want to remove it? Jeppiz (talk) 13:18, 21 January 2016 (UTC)
- I am against making personal attacks, which is why I am requesting you to not make such personal attacks on my talk page. What I removed was recently put in the article and I believe that it violates policies of neutrality as no such similar content is found in any related articles. I would recommend discussing such matters before making such controversial revisions. Do you have any justification for keeping the content? Xtremedood (talk) 11:49, 21 January 2016 (UTC)
- ^ a b Rendina, Claudio (2000). La grande enciclopedia di Roma. Rome: Newton Compton, 1136. ISBN 88-8289-316-2.
- ^ I Love Jeddah in the Springtime Time magazine
- ^ http://www.foia.cia.gov/docs/DOC_0000258376/0000258376_0014.gif. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
{{cite web}}
:|url=
missing title (help) - ^ "African Studies Quarterly". Africa.ufl.edu. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ W. E. B. Du Bois Institute for African and African American Research at Harvard[dead link]
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- ^ Africana Online[dead link]
- ^ George Sanikidze and Edward W. Walker (2004), Islam and Islamic Practices in Georgia. Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies., p. 12, University of California, Berkeley Institute of Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies.
- ^ Grammy awards (August 25, 2007). ""All hail The chieftain", Independent News". Independent.ie. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Pope Gunman: I Want to Convert to Christianity – ABC News, May 13, 2009
- ^ Late pope's would-be killer wants Vatican baptism lawyer – Vancouver Sun, May 2009
- ^ Egypt: Christian convert from Islam jailed – Compass Direct News, October 18, 2006
- ^ a b "Pope baptizes one of Italy's most prominent Muslims at Easter vigil service". suntimes.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.[dead link]
- ^ He saved me – The story of Hussain Andaryas from Afghanistan[dead link]
- ^ a b Hutchison, Robert A. (1999). Their Kingdom Come: Inside the Secret World of Opus Dei. St. Martin's Press. p. 7. ISBN 0312193440.
{{cite book}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=
(help) – Sister Josephine Bakhita had been converted by force to Islam and then, freedom restored, had chosen Christianity. - ^ [4][dead link]
- ^ "Fla. police: No credible threat to runaway convert, AP". miamiherald.com. Nov. 14, 2009. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
{{cite news}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help)[dead link] - ^ Birdsall, Neville. Collected Papers in Greek And Georgian Textual Criticism, pg. 174.[5]; January 8 Saints.
- ^ "Don Juan of Persia: A Shi'ah Catholic 1560–1604 (book review)". Books.google.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ a b c d "Үтәмешгәрәй". Tatar Encyclopaedia (in Tatar). Kazan: The Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.
- ^ Michael Khodarkovsky, Russia's Steppe Frontier, Indiana University Press, 2002, ISBN 0-253-21770-9, M1 Google Print, p. 265.
- ^ Troyat, Henri Ivan le Terrible. Flammarion, Paris, 1982
- ^ Ivan Mannheim, Syria & Lebanon handbook, Footprint Travel Guides, 2001, ISBN 1-900949-90-3, Google Print, p. 567.
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- ^ "Biography of Walid Shoebat". Shoebat.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ "The Rt Rev Hassan Dehqani-Tafti, Bishop of Iran who survived an assassination attempt and had to continue his ministry in exile". The Daily Telegraph. London. May 5, 2008. Retrieved May 11, 2008.
- ^ J.S. Clarke. "History". Linda Haggin Peck. Retrieved September 30, 2008.
- ^ "Robert Young Pelton's The World's Most Dangerous Places: 5th Edition", Robert Young Pelton, Collins Reference, 2003, p.270: "Denard has seven wives and has at various times converted to Judaism (in Morocco) and Islam (in the Comoros) and then back to Catholicism."
- ^ Friedman, Lisa. "Ex-Muslim calls on her people to reject hatred", Los Angeles Daily News, June 5, 2005. (reproduced)
- ^ The Written Defense of the Rev. Mehdi Dibaj Delivered to the Sari Court of Justice – Sari, Iran December 3, 1993[dead link]
- ^ "Diplomats Concerned About Killing of Iranian Pastor". Iranvajahan.net. December 6, 2005. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ "St-Takla.org". St-Takla.org. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ IoMati. "St. George El-Mozahem". Wiscopts.net. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ "الشهيد مار جرجس المزاحم". St-takla.org. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ "Islam, the West and the need for honesty". Theage.com.au. October 16, 2004. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Against the Tides in the Middle East, International Academic Centre for Muslim Evangelism in South Africa, 1997 (published under the name "Mustafa").
- ^ a b "Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila". Thegoal.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Akbar Gbaja-Biamila Keeps the Faith – ("In college, Akbar converted to Christianity, while his father remains a Muslim.")
- ^ Template:Ru icon Alexander Kazembek: Light from the East by Alexei Pylev. April 13, 2003. Retrieved October 9, 2006
- ^ "Qadry Ismail's bio on". Thegoal.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Tom Wright (April 15, 2007). "Article on Raghib Ismail: Rocket shows strong path". Greeleytrib.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ "Faith in Sports". Onmission.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Beech, Hannah (May 30, 2007). "Time Magazine". Time.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ a b Encyclopædia Britannica- Carlos Menem. Britannica.com. July 2, 1930. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Ottawa, The (April 15, 2007). "Flight from Iran". Canada.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ You quizzed George Weah – BBC.com
- ^ Religion And Power in Liberia – The Perspective, June 17, 2005.
- ^ Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd, Burke's Royal Families of the World: Africa & the Middle East, Burke's Peerage, 1980, p. 36.
- ^ Prabhu, Alan Machado (1999). Sarasvati's Children: A History of the Mangalorean Christians. p. 196
- ^ a b "Article about Kusturica's religion on". Pionirovglasnik.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ The Indian Mutiny and the British Imagination by Gautam Chakravarty · Cambridge, 242 pp ISBN 0-521-83274-8
- ^ "News". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Merica, Dan (October 1, 2011). "Iranian pastor faces death for rape, not apostasy – report". CNN.
- ^ Okanla, Karim (August 20, 2003). "Benin's 'magical' leader". BBC news.
- ^ The Travels of Dean Mahomet – University of California press
- ^ "Deen Mahomed [1759–1851]: soldier, writer, businessman". Indianmuslims.info. February 25, 2006. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ White mischief – The Guardian, December 9, 2002
- ^ Emily Ruete, (1888): Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar
- ^ Emily Ruete, Ulrich Haarmann (Editor), E. Van Donzel (Editor), Leiden, Netherlands, (1992): An Arabian Princess Between Two Worlds: Memoirs, Letters Home, Sequels to the Memoirs, Syrian Customs and Usages. Presents the reader with a picture of life in Zanzibar between 1850–1865, and with an intelligent observer's reactions to life in Germany in the Bismarck period. Emily Ruete's writings describe her attempts to recover her Zanzibar inheritance and her homesickness. ISBN 90-04-09615-9
- ^ Publisher's review for Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar – ("Despite strictures confining Islamic women, she trysted with a German who is thought to have impregnated her, fled to Germany where she converted to Christianity")
- ^ "News of Kusturica's baptism on passagen.se". Hem.passagen.se. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Sri, Edward. "Inside Islam: A Guide for Catholics: Books: Daniel Ali, Robert Spencer". Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Washington, The (December 1, 2003). "Islam for Catholics". Washingtontimes.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Fernão Lopes – the first Robinson – The St Helena Foundation
- ^ Massie, Robert K. (1981). Peter the Great. Soviet Union: Ballantine Books. p. 469. ISBN 0345298063.
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(help) - ^ Damien Simonis, Sarah Andrews, Spain, Lonely Planet, 2005, ISBN 1-74059-700-1, Google Print, pp. 743.
- ^ St. Casilda – Americancatholic.org
- ^ St. Alodia – Catholic.org
- ^ Kenneth Baxter Wolf. "Christian Martyrs in Muslim Spain". Libro.uca.edu. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Biography of Johannes Aveteranian. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Jarrett-Kerr, Martin (1972). Patterns of Christian Acceptance. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. p. 196.
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(help) - ^ "Hamid Pourmand: Imprisonment due to religious belief". Retrieved February 16, 2012.[dead link]
- ^ "Donald Fareed's testimony on the Persian ministries website". Persianministries.org. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Prison Radicalization: Are Terrorist Cells Forming in U.S. Cell Blocks? Government testimony (PDF)
- ^ Daveed Gartenstein-Ross biography on his website
- ^ "CBC Radio – The Current – Whole Show Blow-by-Blow". [dead link]
- ^ "Malika Oufkir: the American Making of a Moroccan Star". Wafin.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Noel Orsal. "Ruffa Gutierrez reaffirms her Christian faith". Pep.ph. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Majumdar, Margaret (2002). Francophone Studies: The Essential Glossary. United States of America: Oxford University Press. p. 4. ISBN 0340806966.
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(help) - ^ Heirs of the Prophets: An account of the clergy and Priests of Islam, Samuel Marinus Zwemer, Moody press, 1946, p. 127 – "There are some examples which could easily be multiplied. Dr. Imad-ud-Din was a leading sufi and theologian in the Punjaub. He was appointed to preach against Dr. Pfander in the royal mosque at Agra; he read the Scriptures, believed and was baptised, and with another great theologian and sufi, Safdar Ali, became a missionary to his people. Afterwards he received a doctorate from Oxford University. His baptism took place New Year's Day, 1868, together with his aged father and brother. Other distinguished converts in the Punjab, such as Imam Shah, were also from the clergy."
- ^ Cryer, Neville Barker (1979). Bibles Across the World. United States of America: Mowbrays. p. 94. ISBN 0264664175.
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(help) - ^ TURKEY: CONVERTS SUBJECTED TO OFFICIAL HARASSMENT
- ^ Threats force Egyptian convert to hide, MAGGIE MICHAEL, Associated Press Writer Sat Aug 11, [6]
- ^ "Beale, Lewis. "Precious Freedom. USA Weekend Magazine. November 9, 2003". Retrieved February 16, 2012.[dead link]
- ^ In Tibet and Chinese Turkestan: Being the Record of Three Years' Exploration, Henry Hugh Peter Deasy, pg. 284
- ^ Gulshan Esther, Alistair Mark Dean, Thelma Sangster, The Torn Veil: The Best-selling Story of Gulshan Esther, Zondervan (1992), pg.46, ISBN 0-551-01153-X
- ^ "Marriages of the Holy Prophet". Al-islam.org. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ The Human Side In The Hajjah Of The Messenger of Allah
- ^ "Constantine the African". Uh.edu. August 1, 2004. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ "Constantine the African, or Constantinus Africanus (medieval medical scholar)". Britannica.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ "Estevanico (aka Estevan, Esteban, Estebanico, Black Stephen, Stephen the Moor)". Elizabethan-era.org.uk. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Michael Walsh, A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West, Liturgical Press, 2007, ISBN 0-8146-3186-X, Google Print, p. 3.
- ^ James Gordon Meek (October 12, 2007). "Jailed '93 WTC bomber claims he's now a Christian". New York Daily News.
- ^ "My Trip to SuperMax". CBS News. October 14, 2007. Retrieved May 31, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Holweck, F. G. (1924). A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints. St. Louis: B. Herder Book Co. p. 84.
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(help) - ^ "Is the 'prosperity gospel' prospering?". Religionlink.org. February 27, 2006. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^
Petre, Jonathan (October 8, 2005). "'Wealth' church leader practised what he preached". Telegraph. Retrieved August 4, 2007.
the charismatic Mr Ashimolowo, a Nigerian-born convert from Islam
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(help) - ^ Rudnytsky, Peter L.(1987). Essays in modern Ukrainian history. Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies. p. 186
- ^ Istoria şi tradiţiile minorităţii rromani, p.28, 2005, Sigma, Bucharest, Delia Grigore, Petre Petcuţ and Mariana Sandu – "Born to a Rom Muslim slave father and a free Romanian Christian mother, Razvan converted to Christianity, thereby, attracting the wrath of the Ottomans."
- ^ a b Vickers, Adrian (2005). A History of Modern Indonesia. Cambridge University Press. p. 86
- ^ "Benin's new president announced". Retrieved February 16, 2012.[dead link]
- ^ "A History of Orthodox Missions Among the Muslims". Yurij Maximov, Russian author and religious studies teacher in the Religious Studies at the Moscow Orthodox Seminary. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
- ^ Joseph Patrich, The Sabaite Heritage in the Orthodox Church, Peeters Publishers, 2001, ISBN 90-429-0976-5, Google Print, p. 157.
- ^ L. P. Harvey, Muslims in Spain, 1500 to 1614: 1500 to 1614, University of Chicago Press, 2005, ISBN 0-226-31963-6, M1 Google Print, pp. 223 Various Christian sources including the Christian historian, Marmol claim that with his dying breath Aben Humeya declared himself a Christian and said that what he had done was in the prosecution of a family feud.
- ^ Schwaner, Birgit (June 1, 2007). "Der Abenteurer aus Ober St. Veit" (in German). Weiner Zeitung. Retrieved January 19, 2008.
He was absolved by the Pope for his conversion, which he reversed
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(help) - ^ Hussein Fardust, The Rise and Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty:, Motilal Banarsidass, 1999, ISBN 81-208-1642-0, Google Print, pp. 122–123.
- ^ Saye Zerbo, président of the republic from 1980 to 1982 (article in French) "At once stopped, Saye Zerbo is thrown in prison. Since his imprisonment, the deposed president contemplates and reads the Qu'ran through whole nights. He also asks so that the Bible be brought to him that the archbishop of Ouagadougou, the cardinal Paul Zoungrana, had offered to him at the time of first Christmas following his takeover. At this point in time it will have the revelation which will change its life. In a mystical dash, Saye Zerbo is brought to his knees, returns thanks to God and converts to Christianity. His entire family will do the same thing thereafter."
- ^ Canal Sánchez-Pagín; Montaner Frutos; Palencia; Salazar y Acha
- ^ "Djibril Cisse Biography". Netglimse.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Mondial : ces joueurs de foot ont la foi !, Benoît Fidelin, Pèlerin N° 6654, June 10, 2010[dead link]
- ^ "FAITH UNDER FIRE – Descendant of Muhammad converts to Christianity – But faces threat to life if forced to return to Turkey". Wnd.com. February 7, 2007. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ Norge IDAG – Norwegian language newspaper – Friday May 7, 2010
- ^ Brad Biggs (May 20, 2005 Friday). "Muhammad all about giving as well as receiving". Chicago Sun-Times: p. 148.
- ^ "سائق عرفات السابق : الرب أعطى الأرض لليهود | Radio Netherlands Worldwide". Rnw.nl. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
- ^ "الهؿů‡Řż: ŘľřŮšů Řš الٚůƒřşřąůˆŮ†Ůšřš Řšřąř¨Ůšřš بسřąř¨Řš Ů„Řşř§Řş Řšř§Ů„Ů…Ůšřš". Hdhod.com. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
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at position 18 (help) - ^ How England’s royals descend from Andalus
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