![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Jakob_Schmid_Februar_1947.jpg/200px-Jakob_Schmid_Februar_1947.jpg)
Jakob Schmid (25 July 1886, in Traunstein – 16 August 1964)[1] was a German janitor of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU). On 18 February 1943, he turned in the siblings Hans Scholl and Sophie Scholl, members of the resistance group White Rose, for distributing pamphlets against Nazi Germany.
Schmid and the Scholl siblings
Schmid worked from 1926 as a janitor at the university. On 1 November 1933, he joined the SA and, on 1 May 1937, the NSDAP.[1]
On 18 February 1943, at around 11:15 am, he noticed the Scholl siblings giving out pamphlets in the atrium of the university. He confronted them as they were leaving the building and turned them over to the secretary, Albert Scheithammer. Since the principal Walther Wüst was absent, Schmid and Scheithammer took the Scholls to the consul of the university, Ernst Haeffner, who turned them over to the Gestapo.[2]
The Scholls and other members of the White Rose were sentenced to death in a show trial on 22 February 1943. Three of them—Christoph Probst, Sophie Scholl and Hans Scholl—were executed the same day by guillotine in Stadelheim Prison.
Schmid received a reward of 3,000 Reichsmarks and was promoted from blue-collar worker to professional employee.[3] Hundreds of students cheered Schmid at a thank-you ceremony organized by the University of Munich to deter student resistance. Schmid responded with a Nazi salute.[4]
After the war
Three days after the end of the Second World War, on 11 May 1945, Schmid was arrested by American occupation forces.[1] He was released after 13 weeks, but lost his job. In 1946, Schmid was put on trial by a denazification court under the chairmanship of Karl Mayer . During his trial, which lasted four hours, Schmid claimed his actions had nothing to do with the contents of the pamphlets which the Scholls distributed. He said he only turned them in since distributing pamphlets was technically against university policy.[3]
Schmid's defence was rejected, and Mayer classified him as a "Major Offender" according to the categorization established by the U.S. military government. Schmid was sentenced to five years in a labour camp, stripped of his pension, and lost his right to vote and hold public office. He appealed the sentence twice without success, once with the justification he had "done his duty." Schmid served his full sentence and was released in 1951. However, he had his pension and civil rights restored after his release. Schmid died in 1964.[3]
References
- ^ a b c Sönke Zankel: Vom Helden zum Hauptschuldigen – Der Mann, der die Geschwister Scholl festnahm. (PDF-Datei; 372 kB) (tr. "From hero to main culprit - the man who arrested the Scholl siblings") In: Elisabeth Kraus (Hrsg.): Die Universität München im Dritten Reich. Aufsätze. Teil I. S. 581ff.
- ^ Kraus, Elisabeth. "Die Universität München im Dritten Reich Aufsätze. Teil I" (PDF).
- ^ a b c Gedächtnisvorlesung von Bundespräsident Johannes Rau aus Anlass des sechzigsten Jahrestags der Hinrichtung der Mitglieder der „Weißen Rose" am 30. Januar 2003. (tr. "Memorial lecture by Federal President Johannes Rau on the occasion of the sixtieth anniversary of the execution of the members of the 'White Rose'.") In: bundespraesident.de. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
- ^ Dietmar Süß (26 July 2013), "Nationalsozialismus: Der Spion nebenan" [National Socialism: The Spy Next Door], Die Zeit (in German), Hamburg, ISSN 0044-2070, retrieved 13 January 2017