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{{PAGENAME}} is the 322nd day of the year (323rd in Leap_years) in the Gregorian_Calendar with 43 days remaining.
==Events==
* 326 - The old St._Peter's_Basilica is consecrated.
*1095 - The Council_of_Clermont, called by Pope_Urban_II to discuss sending the First_Crusade to the Holy_Land, begins.
*1302 - Pope_Boniface_VIII issues the Papal_bull ''Unam_sanctam'' ("The One Holy").
*1307 - According to legend, William_Tell shoots an apple off his son's head.
*1421 - A seawall at the Zuider_Zee dike breaks, flooding 72 villages and killing about 10,000 people in the Netherlands.
*1477 - William_Caxton produces ''Dictes or Sayengis of the Philosophres'', the first book printed on a printing press in England.
*1493 - Christopher_Columbus first sights what is now Puerto_Rico.
*1626 - St._Peter's_Basilica is consecrated.
*1686 - Charles_Francois_Felix operates on King Louis XIV's Anal_fistula after practicing the surgery on several peasants.
*1803 - the Battle_of_Vertières, the last major battle of the Haitian_Revolution, is fought, leading to the establishment of the Republic_of_Haiti, the first black republic in the Western Hemisphere.
*1865 - Mark_Twain's story ''The_Celebrated_Jumping_Frog_of_Calaveras_County'' is published in the ''New York Saturday Press''.
*1883 - American and Canadian Railroads institute five standard continental Time_zones, ending the confusion of thousands of local times.
*1903 - The Hay-Bunau-Varilla_Treaty is signed by the United_States and Panama, giving the Americans exclusive rights over the Panama_Canal_Zone.
*1904 - General Esteban_Huertas steps down after the government of Panama fears he wants to stage a Coup.
*1905 - Prince Carl of Denmark becomes King Haakon_VII_of_Norway.
*1909 - Two United States Warships are sent to Nicaragua after 500 Revolutionaries (including two Americans) are executed by order of José_Santos_Zelaya.
*1916 - World_War_I: First Battle of the Somme ends - In France, British_Expeditionary_Force commander Douglas_Haig calls off the battle which started on July_1, 1916.
*1918 - Latvia declares its independence from Russia.
*1926 - George_Bernard_Shaw refuses to accept the money for his Nobel_Prize, saying, "I can forgive Alfred_Nobel for inventing Dynamite, but only a fiend in human form could have invented the Nobel Prize."
*1928 - Release of the animated short ''Steamboat_Willie'', the first fully synchronized sound Cartoon, directed by Walt_Disney and Ub_Iwerks, featuring the second appearances of cartoon stars Mickey and Minnie_Mouse.
*1929 - Grand Banks earthquake: Off the south coast of Newfoundland in the Atlantic_Ocean, a Richter_magnitude 7.2 submarine Earthquake, centered on Grand_Banks, breaks 12 submarine Transatlantic_telegraph_cables and triggers a Tsunami that destroys many south coast communities in the Burin_Peninsula area.
*1938 - Trade_union members elect John_L._Lewis as the first president of the Congress_of_Industrial_Organizations.
*1940 - World_War_II: German leader Adolf_Hitler and Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo_Ciano meet to discuss Benito_Mussolini's disastrous invasion of Greece.
*1943 - World War II: 440 Royal_Air_Force planes bomb Berlin causing only light damage and killing 131. The RAF lost nine aircraft and 53 air crew.
*1959 - William_Wyler's film ''Ben-Hur'' premieres at Loew's Theater in New_York_City.
*1970 - U.S. President Richard_Nixon asks the U.S. Congress for US$155 million in supplemental aid for the Cambodian government.
* 1970 - Singer Jerry_Lee_Lewis divorces his third wife, Myra_Gail, after 12 years.
*1978 - Jonestown_mass_suicide: In Jonestown, Guyana, Jim_Jones leads his Peoples_Temple in a mass Murder-suicide; 913 die, including 276 children.
* 1978 - The_Blues_Brothers appear for the first time on Saturday_Night_Live.
*1982 - Duk_Koo_Kim dies unexpectedly from injuries sustained during a 14-round match against Ray_Mancini in Las_Vegas, prompting reforms in the sport of Boxing.
*1985 - ''Calvin_and_Hobbes'', a Comic_strip by Bill_Watterson, is first published.
* 1985 - Washington_Redskins Quarterback Joe_Theisman breaks his leg, ending his career.
*1987 - Iran-Contra_scandal: The U.S. Congress issues its final report on the Iran-Contra affair.
* 1987 - King's_Cross_fire: In London, 31 people die in a fire at the city's busiest underground station at King's Cross St Pancras.
*1988 - War_on_Drugs: US President Ronald Reagan signs a bill into law providing the Death_penalty for murderous drug traffickers.
*1991 - Shiite Muslim kidnappers in Lebanon set Anglican Church envoys Terry_Waite and Thomas_Sutherland free.
* 1991 - After the 3-month siege, the Croatian city of Vukovar is invaded by Serbians
*1993 - In South_Africa, 21 political parties approve a new Constitution.
*1996 - A fire occurs in the Channel_Tunnel soon after it opens.
*1997 - Gary_Glitter is arrested in the United_Kingdom on Child_pornography charges.
*1999 - In College_Station,_Texas, 12 are killed and 27 injured at Texas_A&M;_University when a huge bonfire under construction collapses.
* 1999 - In Jasper,_Texas, 24-year old Shawn_Allen_Berry is sentenced to life in prison, becoming the third person convicted in the racially-motivated death of James_Byrd,_Jr..
*2001 - The Nintendo_GameCube was released
*2002 - Iraq_disarmament_crisis: United_Nations weapons inspectors led by Hans_Blix arrive in Iraq.
*2003 - In the UK the Local_Government_Act_2003, repealing controversial anti-gay amendment Section_28, becomes effective.
* 2003 - The congress of the Communist_Party_of_Indian_Union_(Marxist-Leninist) decides to merge the party into Kanu_Sanyal's CPI(ML).
*2004 - Russia officially ratifies the Kyoto_Protocol.
*2005 - Robert Blake was found liable for the wrongful death of his wife in a civil trial. The jury has ordered him to pay $30 million.
== Births ==
*1522 - Lamoral,_Count_of_Egmont, Flemish general and statesman (d. 1568)
*1647 - Pierre_Bayle, French philosopher (d. 1706)
*1772 - Louis_Ferdinand_of_Prussia, German prince (d. 1806)
*1785 - David Wilkie, British artist (d. 1841)
*1786 - Carl_Maria_von_Weber, German composer (d. 1826)
*1787 - Louis-Jacques_Daguerre, French inventor and photographer (d. 1851)
*1804 - Alfonso_Ferrero_la_Marmora, Italian general and statesman (d. 1878)
*1832 - Adolf_Erik_Nordenskiöld, Swedish explorer (d. 1901)
*1836 - Sir William S. Gilbert, British dramatist (d. 1911)
* 1836 - Cesare_Lombroso, Italian psychiatrist and founder of criminology (d. 1909)
*1839 - August_Kundt, German physicist (d. 1894)
*1856 - Nikolai_Nikolaevich_Romanov, Grand Duke of Russia (d. 1929)
*1861 - Dorothea_Dix, American activist (d. 1887)
*1870 - Dorothy_Dix, pseudonym of US journalist Elizabeth Meriwether Gilmer (d. 1951)
*1874 - Clarence_Day, American author (d. 1935)
*1882 - Jacques_Maritain, French philosopher (d. 1973)
*1883 - Carl_Vinson, U.S. Congressman (d. 1981)
*1897 - Patrick Blackett, British physicist, Nobel_Prize laureate (d. 1974)
*1898 - Joris_Ivens, Dutch filmmaker (d. 1989)
*1899 - Eugene_Ormandy, Hungarian-born conductor (d. 1985)
*1901 - George_Gallup, American statistician and opinion pollster (d. 1984)
*1906 - Klaus_Mann, German writer (d. 1949)
* 1906 - George_Wald, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine (d. 1997)
*1907 - Compay_Segundo, Cuban musician (Buena_Vista_Social_Club) (d. 2003)
*1908 - Imogene_Coca, American actress and comedienne (d. 2001)
*1909 - Johnny_Mercer, American lyricist (d. 1976)
*1915 - Ken_Burkhart, Baseball player (d. 2004)
*1916 - Amelita_Galli-Curci, Italian soprano (d. 1963)
*1919 - Jocelyn_Brando, American actress (d. 2005)
*1922 - Luis_Somoza_Debayle, Nicaraguan president (d. 1967)
*1923 - Alan_Shepard, American astronaut (d. 1998)
*1925 - Gene_Mauch, baseball manager (d. 2005)
*1927 - Hank_Ballard, American musician (d. 2003)
*1935 - Rudolf_Bahro, German dissident (d. 1997)
*1939 - Margaret_Atwood, Canadian writer
* 1939 - Brenda_Vaccaro, American actress
*1940 - Qaboos ibn Sa’id, Sultan_of_Oman
*1941 - David_Hemmings, British actor (d. 2003)
*1942 - Linda_Evans, American actress
*1944 - Susan_Sullivan, American actress
* 1944 - Wolfgang_Joop, German artist, fashion designer and art collector
*1946 - Alan_Dean_Foster, American author
*1947 - Jameson_Parker, American actor
*1948 - Andrea_Marcovicci, American singer and actress
* 1948 - Jack_Tatum, American football player
*1950 - Eric_Pierpoint, American actor
*1951 - Justin_Raimondo, American author
*1952 - Delroy_Lindo, British actor
*1953 - Alan_Moore, British comic book writer and novelist
*1954 - John_Parr, British pop singer
*1956 - Noel_Brotherston, Northern Irish footballer (d. 1995)
* 1956 - Warren_Moon, American football player
*1957 - Seán_Mac_Falls, Irish-born poet
*1958 - Laura_Miller, Mayor of Dallas, Texas
*1959 - Jimmy Quinn, Northern Irish footballer and football manager
*1960 - Kim_Wilde, British singer
*1962 - Kirk_Hammett, American guitarist (Metallica)
* 1962 - Jamie_Moyer, baseball player
*1963 - Dante_Bichette, baseball player
* 1963 - Peter_Schmeichel, Danish footballer
* 1963 - Len_Bias, American basketball player (d. 1986)
*1965 - Michael_Sanie, Composer/pianist
*1966 - Jorge_Camacho, Spanish poet
*1968 - Barry_Hunter, Northern Irish footballer and football manager
* 1968 - Gary_Sheffield, baseball player
* 1968 - Owen_Wilson, American actor
*1969 - Sam_Cassell, American basketball player
*1970 - Peta_Wilson, Australian actress
*1973 - Nic_Pothas, South African/English Wicket-keeper
*1974 - Chloë_Sevigny, American actress
*1975 - David_Ortiz, Dominican Major_League_Baseball player
*1976 - Martin_Bertram, author of ''Vanity_of_Vanities''
*1977 - Trent_Barrett, Australian rugby league player
* 1977 - Fabolous, American rapper
*1978 - Damien_Johnson, Northern Irish footballer
*1983 - Jon_Johansen, Norwegian software developer
*1984 - Jonathan "Johnny Christ" Seward, American musician (Avenged_Sevenfold)
*1985 - Rex_Goudie, Canadian singer
== Deaths ==
*1154 - Adélaide_de_Maurienne, wife of Louis_VI_of_France (b. 1092)
*1305 - John_II,_Duke_of_Brittany (b. 1239)
*1559 - Cuthbert_Tunstall, English churchman (b. 1474)
*1590 - George_Talbot,_6th_Earl_of_Shrewsbury, English statesman (b. 1528)
*1724 - Bartolomeu_de_Gusmão, Portuguese naturalist (b. 1685)
*1785 - Louis_Philip_I,_Duke_of_Orléans, French soldier and writer (b. 1725)
*1797 - Jacques-Alexandre_Laffon_de_Ladebat, French shipbuilder and merchant (b. 1719)
*1814 - William_Jessop, British civil engineer (b. 1745)
*1886 - Chester_A._Arthur, 21st President_of_the_United_States (b. 1829)
*1889 - William_Allingham, Irish author
*1922 - Marcel_Proust, French novelist (b. 1871)
*1941 - Walther_Nernst, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1864)
* 1941 - Chris_Watson, third Prime_Minister_of_Australia (b. 1867)
*1952 - Paul_Eluard, French poet (b. 1895)
*1962 - Niels_Bohr, Danish physicist, Nobel_Prize laureate (b. 1885)
*1965 - Henry_A._Wallace, Vice_President_of_the_United_States (b. 1888)
*1967 - Luis_Somoza_Debayle, Nicaraguan president (b. 1922)
*1969 - Joseph_P._Kennedy,_Sr., American politician (b. 1888)
*1976 - Man_Ray, American artist (b. 1890)
*1978 - Jim_Jones, American cult leader Suicide (b. 1931)
* 1978 - Leo_Ryan, U.S. Congressman (b. 1905)
*1979 - Freddie_Fitzsimmons, baseball player (b. 1901)
*1980 - Conn_Smythe, NHL coach 1927-1931 (b. 1895)
*1982 - Duk_Koo_Kim, Korean boxer (b. 1959)
*1984 - Mary_Hamman, American writer and editor, modern living editor ''LIFE'' and eidtor in chief ''Bride & Home'' (b. 1907)
*1986 - Gia_Carangi, American model AIDS (b. 1960)
*1987 - Jacques_Anquetil, French cyclist Cancer (b. 1934)
*1991 - Gustáv_Husák, President_of_Czechoslovakia (b. 1913)
*1994 - Cab_Calloway, American bandleader (b. 1907)
*1999 - Paul_Bowles, American novelist (b. 1910)
*2002 - James_Coburn, American actor (b. 1928)
*2003 - Michael_Kamen, American composer (b. 1948)
== Holidays and observances ==
*Roman_festivals - day ''1 Dios'' dedicated to the sun god by emperor Licinius
*R.C. Saints - Dedication of the Basilicas of Saints Peter and Paul ; Saint_Rose_Philippine_Duchesne ; also St_Mawes, St_Odo_of_Cluny, St_Romanus_of_Antioch
* Also see November_18_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)
* Latvia - Independence_Day (1918)
* Oman - National_Holiday
* Venezuela - Feast of the Virgen de Chiquinquirá, also known as la Chinita, in the western state of Zulia
==External links==
* BBC: On This Day
* ''The New York Times'': On This Day
----
November_17 - November_19 - October_18 - December_18 -- listing of all days
{{months}}
Af:18_November
Ar:18_نوفمبر
An:18_de_nobiembre
Frp:18_novembro
Ast:18_de_payares
Be:18_лістапада
Bs:18._novembar
Bg:18_ноември
Ca:18_de_novembre
Cv:Чӳк,_18
Ceb:Nobiyembre_18
Cs:18._listopad
Co:18_nuvembri
Cy:18_Tachwedd
Da:18._november
De:18._November
Et:18._november
El:18_Νοεμβρίου
Es:18_de_noviembre
Eo:18-a_de_novembro
Eu:Azaroaren_18
Fo:18._november
Fr:18_novembre
Fy:18_novimber
Fur:18_di_Novembar
Ga:18_Samhain
Gl:18_de_novembro
Ko:11월_18일
Hr:18._studenog
Io:18_di_novembro
Id:18_November
Ia:18_de_novembre
Is:18._nóvember
It:18_novembre
He:18_בנובמבר
Jv:18_November
Ka:18_ნოემბერი
Csb:18_lëstopadnika
Ku:18'ê_sermawezê
La:18_Novembris
Lb:18._November
Lt:Lapkričio_18
Hu:November_18
Mk:18_ноември
Ms:18_November
Nl:18_november
Ja:11月18日
Nap:18_'e_nuvembre
No:18._november
Nn:18._november
Oc:18_de_novembre
Pam:Nobiembri_18
Pl:18_listopada
Pt:18_de_Novembro
Ro:18_noiembrie
Ru:18_ноября
War:Nobyembre_18
Sco:18_November
Sq:18_Nëntor
Scn:18_di_nuvèmmiru
Simple:November_18
Sk:18._november
Sl:18._november
Sr:18._новембар
Fi:18._marraskuuta
Sv:18_november
Tl:Nobyembre_18
Tt:18._Nöyäber
Te:నవంబర్_18
Th:18_พฤศจิกายน
Vi:18_tháng_11
Tr:18_Kasım
Uk:18_листопада
Wa:18_di_nôvimbe
Zh:11月18日
Category:November