Jamia Millia Islamia | |
---|---|
جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ | |
Motto | Allammal Insaana Maalam Yalam (Taught man that which he knew not) |
Established | 1920 |
Type | Public |
Chancellor | Lt. Gen. (Retd.) M. A. Zaki |
Vice-Chancellor | Najeeb Jung |
Academic staff | 700+ |
Admin. staff | 1000+ |
Students | 15000 |
Undergraduates | 10000+ |
Postgraduates | 4000+ |
Doctoral students | 1000+ |
Location | New Delhi, Delhi, India |
Campus | Urban |
Nickname | Jamia |
Affiliations | UGC, NAAC, AIU |
Website | http://jmi.ac.in/ |
Jamia Millia Islamia (Urdu: جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ, Hindi: जामिया मिलिया इस्लामिया, translation: National Islamic University ) is a public central university located in Delhi. It was established at Aligarh in United Provinces, India in 1920. It became a Central University by an act of the Indian Parliament in 1988. In Urdu and Arabic, Jamia means University[citation needed], and Millia means National[citation needed]. Coordinates: 28°33′41.79″N 77°16′48.54″E / 28.5616083°N 77.2801500°E
Introduction
The university was established by nationalist Muslim leaders in 1920 prior to partition.[1] Its campus is located in South Delhi. The university provides undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate courses. Jamia Millia Islamia, an institution originally established at Aligarh in United Provinces, India in 1920 became a Central University by an act of the Indian Parliament in 1988. In Arabic language, Jamia means 'University', and Millia means 'Community'.
The story of its growth from a small institution in the pre-independence India to a central university located in New Delhi—offering integrated education from nursery to research in specialised areas—is a saga of dedication, conviction and vision of a people who worked against all odds and saw it growing step by step. They “built up the Jamia Millia stone by stone and sacrifice by sacrifice,” said Sarojini Naidu, the nightingale of India.
History
The Foundation Committee met on 29 October 1920. Its members were:
- Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari (Delhi)
- Mufti Kifayatullah (Delhi)
- Maulana Abdul Bari Farang Mahali (UP)
- Maulana Syed Sulaiman Nadvi (Bihar)
- Maulana Shabbir Usmani (UP)
- Maulana Husain Ahmad
- Chaudhury Khaleeq-uz-zaman (UP)
- Nawab Mohammad Ismail Khan
- Tasadduq Husain Khan (UP)
- Dr. Mohammad Iqbal (Punjab)
- Maulana Sanaullah Khan Amritsari (Punjab)
- Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew (Punjab)
- Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (Bengal and Bihar)
- Dr. Syed Mehmood (Bengal and Bihar)
- Saith Abdullah Haroon Karachiwale (Sindh, Bombay and Hyderabad)
- Abbas Tyabiji (Sindh, Bombay and Hyderabad)
- Sait Miyan Mohammad Haji Jaam Chhotani (Sindh, Bombay and Hyderabad)
- Maulavi Abdul Haq (Sindh, Bombay and Hyderabad)
On 22 November 1920, Hakim Ajmal Khan was elected the first chancellor of Jamia. Mohamed Ali Jauhar became Jamia's first vice chancellor, as Allama Iqbal could not accept the offer made through Mohandas K. Gandhi. It also elected a syndicate and created a syllabus subcommittee.The known freedom fighter and Muslim theologian, Maulana Mehmud Hasan, laid the foundation stone of Jamia Millia Islamia at Aligarh on Friday, 29 October 1920.
The first teachers of Jamia were:
- Maulana Abdul Hai (Tafseer)
- Maulana Mohammad Ali Shah (Hadith and Islamic Jurisprudence)
- Maulana Mohammad Asalam Jairajpuri (Islamic History)
- Pandit Jwala Prasad (Hindu Ethics)
- Maulana Mohammad Ali Surti (Arabic)
- Maulana Saifuddin Tonki (Urdu)
- Maulana Abdul Aziz Ansari, MA, LLB
- Syed Raouf Pasha (English)
- Moazzam Ali Khan, BA (Oxon.) History and Politics
- EJ Kellat (Cantab) History and Politics
- Wahidullah, BA (Hons) Sociology
- AM Khwaja, BA (Geography)
- Khwaja Abdul Hamied (Chemistry)
- LN Gupta, MSc. (Chemistry)
- DN Mukherji, MA (Mathematics)
- RN Saoom, BA (Cantab) (Physics)
- Dr. Mohammad Azim Khan, MS (Botany)
- DG Ibsen, FS Master, BA (Journalism)
- Aggarwal, BA (Commerce)
Conception
Under the British rule, two trends contributed to the birth of Jamia. One was anti-colonial activism and the other was the pro-independence aspiration of the politically radical section of western educated Indian Muslim intelligentsia. In the political climate of 1920, the two trends gravitated together with Mahatma Gandhi as a catalyst. The idea was to project Indian Muslims as nationalist and anti British. The anti-colonial activism signified by the Khilafat and the pro-independence aspirations symbolised by the Non-Cooperation Movement of the Indian National Congress helped to harness creative energies and the subsequent making of Jamia Millia Islamia.
Responding to Gandhi's call to boycott all educational institutions supported or run by the colonial regime, a group of nationalist teachers and students quit Aligarh Muslim University, protesting against its pro-British inclinations. The freedom fighter and Muslim theologian, Maulana Mehmud Hasan, laid the foundation stone of Jamia Millia Islamia at Aligarh on Friday, 29 October 1920, during the meeting of the Foundation Committee of Jamia Millia Islamia.
On 22 November 1920, Hakim Ajmal Khan was elected the first chancellor of Jamia. Mohamed Ali Jauhar became Jamia's first vice chancellor.
Crisis
Born out of political crisis and as a political affront to the British, it seemed for a while, Jamia would not survive the heat of the intense political struggle for the independence of India. It participated in the Bardoli resolution and sent volunteers across the country to motivate people to fight for the freedom of the country. The colonial British government soon imprisoned many of its teachers and students. In 1922, Gandhi called off the non-cooperation movement. Even as its teachers and students were being released, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk declared the end of the Khilafat in 1924.
Jamia saw itself in a great crisis. Some thought it had achieved its mission, as others believed that the institution had lost its raison d’etre with the end of the non-cooperation and the Khilafat movements. Even the little financial assistance, that the Khilafat had been giving it, dried up. Jamia's collapse became a possibility.
Move to Delhi
As the crisis loomed, Hakim Ajmal Khan, Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari and Abdul Majeed Khwaja – the first trio—supported by Gandhi shifted Jamia from Aligarh to Karol Bagh, in New Delhi in 1925. Although Gandhi's contacts helped to secure financial help for Jamia, the risk of helping a Congress-backed institution under the British Raj dissuaded many benefactors. Some Muslims viewed Jamia as a threat to Aligarh Muslim University. During those difficult days, it was Hakim Ajmal Khan who met most of Jamia's expenses from his own pocket. Dr. MA Ansari and Abdul Majeed Khwaja toured India and abroad, explaining the importance of Jamia and collecting funds for the enterprise. Their intervention averted a collapse. Shekhar was the main head man of the system.
Resurgence
In 1925 a group of three friends studying in Germany – Dr. Zakir Hussain, Dr. Abid Husain and Dr. Mohammed Mujeeb – decided to serve Jamia. In 1928 when Hakim Ajmal Khan died it was the beginning of the second financial crisis, as it was Hakim Sahib himself who had been meeting most of Jamia's financial needs. The leadership of Jamia then moved into the hands of Dr. Zakir Husain, who became its vice chancellor in 1928.
To resolve Jamia of its financial problems, a group of young Jamia teachers, led by Dr. Zakir Hussain, took a pledge to serve Jamia for the next twenty years on a salary not more than Rs.150. This group was called the Life Members of Jamia. (This was repeated in 1942 when a second group of Jamia teachers took a similar pledge).
Jamia's department of Printing and Publications split in 1928 with the newly established Jamia Press at Darya Ganj, Urdu Academy, and Maktaba Jamia under the charge of Prof. Mohammed Mujeeb, Dr. Abid Husain and Mr. Hamid Ali respectively.
New campus and the teachers college
On 1 March 1935, the foundation stone for a school building was laid at Okhla, then a village on the southern outskirts of Delhi. In 1936, all institutions of Jamia, except Jamia Press, the Maktaba and the library, were shifted to the new campus. The emphasis of Jamia was on evolving education methods. This led to the establishment of a teacher's college (Ustadon ka Madrasa) in 1938. In 1936, Dr. MA Ansari died. On 4 June 1939, Jamia Millia Islamia was registered as a society.
The fame of Jamia as an education movement spread and dignitaries from foreign countries began visiting Jamia. Husein Raouf Bey (1933), Dr. Behadjet Wahbi of Cairo (1934), and Ms. Halide Edib of Turkey (1936) were some of them. Foreigners, impressed by Jamia, began working in Jamia. A German lady Ms. Gerda Philipsborn (popularly nicknamed in Jamia as Aapa Jaan) served Jamia for many years and is buried in Jamia. In 1939, Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi (1872–1944), a theologian and freedom fighter, came to stay in Jamia on the invitation of Dr. Zakir Husain. He started a school of Islamic Studies in Jamia, called Baitul Hikmah, propagating the ideology of Shah Waliullah.
In 1946, during Jamia's silver jubilee celebration, one could see the crisis that India had to face in the following year: Mr. Mohammad Ali Jinnah, and Liaquat Ali Khan were on one side of Dr. Zakir Husain, the vice chancellor, on the dias; Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Asaf Ali and Sir Rajagopalachari were on the other side.
During and after independence
The riots following partition that shook the northern India did affect Jamia, but not its campus. Gandhiji observed that its campus remained "an oasis of peace in the Sahara" of communal violence.
After the attainment of Independence, Jamia continued to grow. Foreign dignitaries visited Jamia Millia Islamia during their visits to New Delhi. Visitors included Marshal Josip Broz Tito of Yuoglavia(1954), King Zahir Shah of Afghanistan (1955), Crown Prince Faisal of Saudi Arabia, King Reza Shah Pehlavi of Iran (1956) and Prince Mukarram Jah (1960).
In 1962, the University Grants Commission declared the Jamia a 'Deemed to be University'. The School of Social Work was established in 1967. In 1971, Jamia started the Zakir Husain Institute of Islamic Studies, to honour Dr. Zakir Husain, who had died in 1969. BE course in Civil Engineering commenced in 1978; in 1981, the faculties of Humanities and Languages, Natural Sciences, Social Science, and the State Resource Centre were founded.
In 1983, it started the Mass Communication Research Centre and the Centre for Coaching and Career Planning. In 1985, it established the Faculty of Engineering and Technology and the University Computer Centre. Academic Staff College and the Academy of Third World Studies followed in 1987 and 1988.
Jamia Millia Islamia today
Jamia was accorded the status of a Central University by act of the parliament in December 1988.[2]
In 2006 the King of Saudi Arabia paid a visit to the university and donated a record $30 million for construction of a library.[3] Its scenic cricket ground (popularly known as the Bhopal Ground ) has hosted Ranji Trophy matches and a women's cricket test match. Besides its seven faculties, the Jamia has centres of learning and research, like the Mass Communication Research Centre (MCRC), Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Centre for Theoretical Physics and the Academy of Third World Studies (ATWS). The Jamia offers undergraduate and postgraduate information and technology courses.
Alumni
Shah Rukh Khan – Bollywood actor, Virender Sehwag – Indian Cricketer, Barkha Dutt – NDTV editor / Journalist, Kabir Khan – Film director, Kiran Rao – Film producer / director / actor, Danish Aslam – Film director, Roshan Abbas – RJ / Film director, Habib Faisal – Film writer / director, Muzammil Ibrahim – Model / actor
Faculties and centres
Jamia Millia Islamia offers academic and extension programs through the following faculties:
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
The faculty was established in 1985 by Professor Iqbal H Khan, the founding Dean of Engineering, and offers courses and programmes related to engineering. Its undergraduate programmes include BTech (Bachelor of Technology) in Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering, and Computer Engineering; BArch (Bachelor of Architecture); and as continuing programmes for in-service engineers, it offers BE (Bachelor of Engineering) in Computer Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Electronics and Communication Engineering.
It offers postgraduate programmes, MTech (Master of Technology) (Electrical Power Systems Management), MTech (Environmental Science and Engineering), MTech (Earthquake Engineering), MTech (Nanotechnology), MTech (Instrumentation & Control), MTech (Thermal Engineering), MTech (Machine Design,Production and Industrial Engg.), MSc (Master of Science) (Electronics). The polytechnic offers day and evening courses for the Diploma in Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Electronics and Communication Engineering. A PhD programme is offered.
Faculty of education
Its parent institution, the Teachers Training College was established by educator and patron Dr. Zakir Hussain in 1938.
This faculty, besides offering BEd (Bachelor of Education), MEd (Master of Education) and MA (Master of Art) courses with specialisations, conducts undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in Fine Arts. It offers a diploma in elementary teacher education programme besides conducting research.
Faculty of Humanities and Languages
The faculty has eight departments — Arabic, English and Modern European Languages, Tourism and Hospitality, Hindi, History and Culture, Islamic Studies, Persian, and Urdu — offering programmes in PhD, M.Phil. (pre-PhD), postgraduate, undergraduate, diploma and certificate courses.[2]
Faculty of Law
The Faculty of Law, Jamia Millia Islamia was established in 1989. In addition to the LLB five-year integrated BA, LLB course, the faculty runs an LLM four semester course in three streams: Personal Law, Corporate Law and Criminal Law and a Ph.D. programme. Currently the dean of the faculty is Prof.Rose Verghese.
Faculty of Natural Sciences
The faculty offers diploma, undergraduate, postgraduate, and research programmes. Its undergraduate programmes include BSc (Bachelor of Science)/BSc (Honours), BSc (Vocational), BA (Honours). At the postgraduate level, the faculty offers postgraduate diplomas, MTech in Nanotechnology, MSc(Physics/ Mathematics/ Chemistry/ Biosciences/ Biotechnology/ Biochemistry/ Bioinformatics/ Geography), MA, Post Graduate Diploma in Computer Applications (P.G.D.C.A.), Master of Computer Applications (M.C.A.), MSc(Maths with Computer Science), a three-year MSc.Tech. (Industrial Mathematics with Computer Applications) courses, Advanced Diploma in Remote Sensing and GIS, and Advanced Diploma course in Computer Assisted Cartography.
Department of Computer Science
Department of computer science comes under Natural science faculty and primarily focus on the course Master of Computer Applications. Apart from M.C.A. department also offers P.G.D.C.A. and Msc Bio-informatics.
Faculty of Social Sciences
The faculty offers Bachelor programmes in Economics, Sociology, Social Work, Political Science, Psychology, Commerce and Computer Applications, and programmes leading to a masters degree. Diploma and PhD. courses are also offered.
Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics
It offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses in architecture and ekistics besides a PhD programme.
Faculty of Dentistry
The Faculty of Dentistry was established in 2009. Students are offered a Bachelor of Dental Surgery programme.
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences
The Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBAS) is a research centre in Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. It is on the Jamia's Main Campus and is funded by the University Grants Commission (UGC).
FTK-Centre for Information Technology
Fakhruddin T. Khorakiwala Centre for Information Technology (FTK-CIT) is a centre of Jamia providing IT services and facilities to all its staff members and students. The centre has shifted to a new building near Ansari Auditorium.
The Computer Centre was established in 1984 with the installation of a minicomputer and some terminals, with the aim to provide computer facility to researchers and computer training to the university staff.
In 1995–1996, the University Grants Commission upgraded the centre to Level-B and provided some technical staff as well as a grant for establishing a Local Area Network. A network with 10 Mbit/s optical fibre backbone with 50 nodes was established, connecting some of the departments and offices through fibre network switch. An e-mail facility through ERNET, India was started using a dial-up "uucp" connection. Three Alpha servers were purchased by the centre and a computer lab was developed for faculty members and research scholars for computational work as well as for e-mail.
In 1996, the Computer Centre was given the responsibility of teaching undergraduate and postgraduate computer courses: Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA), Postgraduate Diploma in Computer Applications (PGDCA), and Master of Software Systems (MSS). After the creation of the Department of Computer Science in 1999, the courses were transferred to the department. This provided the Computer Centre a better opportunity for carrying out its main activities that include increasing computer awareness in the university, extending the campus-wide network, and computerization of offices.
The campus is interconnected with internet and intranet, with a leased line connection. A computer lab that provides computing facilities consisting of the latest configured machines linked to a wide range of software communication and print services. It consists of P-IV machines and a leased line internet connection. The labs can serve as conference halls with step-up seating to facilitate discussions. A conference hall with a capacity of 150 seats at the centre provides a platform for staff, researchers, and students to express themselves. A software library, audio/visual, and photo archives are available. An internet facility is available for the faculty members, staff, research scholars, and students.[3]
AJK Mass Communication Research Center
The Mass Communication Research Centre was established in 1982 by Anwar Jamal Kidwai, then vice-chancellor (later chancellor) of Jamia Millia Islamia. Jamia is today known primarily for these mass communication courses.[4] In recognition of AJK's contribution in giving Jamia a premium centre of learning the Centre was renamed the Anwar Jamal Kidwai Mass Communication Research Centre.
After its founding, the MCRC was recognised as an autonomous unit of the university, with its own managing board. It has separate facilities and relations with other institutions, including a collaboration with York University in Toronto and the Canadian International Development Agency. York provided the first generation of documentary teachers, led by James Beveridge.
From 2004–2006 the centre was renovated with funding from the HRD Ministry and the Ford Foundation, adding two new buildings and seven classrooms and labs and expanding its scope to cover television, radio, photography, animation and film production.
the center provide various course in media industry
- MA in Mass Communication,
- MA in Convergent Journalism,
- P.G. Diploma in Development Communication,
- P.G. Diploma in Broadcast Technology,
- P.G. Diploma in Still Photography & Visual Communication,
- P.G. Diploma in Graphics & Animation,
- P.G. Diploma in Acting
Other centres
Besides these faculties, there are twenty centres of learning and research. Notable among these is the MA in Mass Communication offered by the AJK Mass Communication and Research Center.
- Dr. Zakir Husain Institute of Islamic Studies
- FTK-Centre for Information Technology
- Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar Academy of Third World Studies
- Centre for Distance and Open Learning
- Centre for Management Studies
- Nelson Mandela Centre for Peace and Conflict Resolution
- Centre for Jawaharlal Nehru Studies
- Centre for the Study of Comparative Religions and Civilizations
- Centre for West Asian Studies
- Dr. K. R. Narayanan Centre for Dalit and Minorities Studies
- Centre for Spanish and Latin American Studies
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences
- Academy of Professional Development of Urdu Medium Teachers
- Academic Staff College
- Barkat Ali Firaq State Resource Centre
- Centre for Coaching and Career Planning
- Centre for Culture Media and Governance
- Centre for Gandhian Studies
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences
- Centre for Theoretical Physics]
- Child Guidance Centre
- India – Arab Cultural Centre
- Jamia's Premchand Archives and Literary Centre
- Sarojini Naidu Centre for Women's Studies
- University Counseling and Guidance Centre
- Centre for Early Childhood Development and Research[5]
Minority status
In 2006, the Jamia Students' Union, the Jamia Old Boys' Association, and the Jamia Teachers' Association moved a petition before National Commission for Minority Educational Institutions (NCMEI), a quasi-judicial body, seeking grant of minority educational institution status to Jamil Millia Islamia. On 2 February 2011, the NCMEI granted minority institution status to Jamia Milia Islamia University, stating inter alia:
“the university existed even before the Constitution was in place........We have no hesitation in holding that Jamia was founded by Muslims for the benefit of Muslims.......We find and hold that Jamia Milia Islamia is a minority educational institution covered under Article 30 (1) of the Constitution of India with section 2(G) of the National Commission for Minority Educational Institutions Act."
The order was signed by M.S.A. Siddiqui, chairperson of the Commission. It can only be challenged through a writ petition in the High Court or Supreme Court. The order allows Jamia to reserve up to 50 per cent seats and jobs for Muslims and to refuse to reserve any seats or jobs at all for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Caste students (which is required of all normal educational institutions).
Opposition
The Union Human Resource Development Ministry opposed the move on the ground that a petition challenging the minority status of the Aligarh Muslim University was pending in the Supreme Court and its judgment would have a bearing on the Jamia case.
See also
- List of universities in India
- Universities and colleges in India
- Education in India
- Education in Delhi
- Distance Education Council
- University Grants Commission (India)
References
- ^ Jamia Millia Islamia Act 1988
- ^ Firdous, Tairah (13 March 2012). "Jamia's vice chancellor focuses on quality programmes over expansion". Daily Mail. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
- ^ [1]
- ^ According to their own site. About MCRC, retrieved 2 April 2010.
- ^ From Full list of Faculties/Centres
External links
- Official website of Jamia Millia Islamia University
- The Hindu report
- Map of Jamia Millia Islamia
- Jamia Journal – JMI's Independed Student Newspaper
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