July 5 is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 179 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
328 – The official opening of Constantine's Bridge built over the Danube between Sucidava (Corabia , Romania ) and Oescus (Gigen , Bulgaria ) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius
1295 – Scotland and France form an alliance , the so-called "Auld Alliance ", against England.
1316 – The Burgundian and Majorcan claimants of the Principality of Achaea meet in the Battle of Manolada
1594 – Portuguese forces under the command of Pedro Lopes de Sousa begins an unsuccessful invasion of the Kingdom of Kandy during the Campaign of Danture in Sri Lanka .
1610 – John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland .
1687 – Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica .
1770 – The Battle of Chesma between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire begins.
1775 – The Second Continental Congress adopts the Olive Branch Petition .
1803 – The Convention of Artlenburg is signed, leading to the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
1809 – The largest battle of the Napoleonic Wars , the Battle of Wagram is fought between the French and Austrian Empires .
1811 – Venezuela declares independence from Spain.
1813 – War of 1812 : Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser , Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York commence.
1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa – American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa, Ontario .
1833 – Lê Văn Khôi along with 27 soldiers stage a mutiny taking over the Phiên An citadel , developing into the Lê Văn Khôi revolt against Emperor Minh Mạng .
1833 – Admiral Charles Napier vanquishes the navy of the Portuguese usurper Dom Miguel at the third Battle of Cape St. Vincent .
1841 – Thomas Cook organises the first package excursion, from Leicester to Loughborough
1878 – The coat of arms of the Baku Governorate is established.
1884 – Germany takes possession of Cameroon .
1915 – The Liberty Bell leaves Philadelphia by special train on its way to the Panama-Pacific International Exposition . This is the last trip outside Philadelphia that the custodians of the bell intend to permit.
1934 – "Bloody Thursday " – Police open fire on striking longshoremen in San Francisco .
1935 – The National Labor Relations Act , which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt .
1937 – Spam , the luncheon meat, is introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation .
1940 – World War II : The United Kingdom and the Vichy France government break off diplomatic relations .
1941 – World War II: Operation Barbarossa : German troops reach the Dnieper River .
1943 – World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails for Sicily (Operation Husky , July 10 , 1943).
1943 – World War II: German forces begin a massive offensive against the Soviet Union at the Battle of Kursk , also known as Operation Citadel.
1945 – World War II: The liberation of the Philippines is declared.
1946 – The bikini goes on sale after debuting during an outdoor fashion show at the Molitor Pool in Paris, France.
1948 – National Health Service Acts creates the national public health systems in the United Kingdom.
1950 – Korean War : Task Force Smith : American and North Korean forces first clash, in the Battle of Osan .
1950 – Zionism : The Knesset passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to Israel .
1954 – The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin.
1954 – The Andhra Pradesh High Court was established.
1954 – Elvis Presley records his first single, "That's All Right ," at Sun Records in Memphis, Tennessee .
1962 – Algeria becomes independent from France.
1971 – Right to vote : The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution , lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by President Richard Nixon .
1973 – A BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) in Kingman, Arizona , following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, kills eleven firefighters .
1975 – Arthur Ashe becomes the first black man to win the Wimbledon singles title.
1975 – Cape Verde gains its independence from Portugal.
1977 – Military coup in Pakistan : Zulfikar Ali Bhutto , the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan , is overthrown.
1987 – The LTTE uses suicide attacks on the Sri Lankan Army for the first time. The Black Tigers were born and, in the following years, continued to kill with the tactic.
1989 – Iran–Contra affair : Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service. His convictions were later overturned.
1995 – The Republic of Armenia adopts its constitution, four years after its independence from the Soviet Union .
1996 – Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
1999 – Wolverhampton , England is hit by storms, including a tornado . The area was hit again with severe storms on August 1.
1999 – U.S. President Bill Clinton imposes trade and economic sanctions against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan .
2004 – The first Indonesian presidential election is held.
2006 – North Korea tests four short-range missiles , one medium-range missile and a long-range Taepodong-2 . The long-range Taepodong-2 reportedly failed in mid-air over the Sea of Japan .
2009 – A series of violent riots break out in Ürümqi , the capital city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China.
2009 – The largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold ever discovered, consisting of more than 1,500 items, is found near the village of Hammerwich , near Lichfield , in Staffordshire , England.
2012 – The Shard in London is inaugurated as the tallest building in Europe , with a height of 310 metres (1,020 ft).
Births
465 – Ahkal Mo' Naab' I , Mayan ruler (d. 524)
980 – Mokjong of Goryeo , King of Korea (d. 1009)
1029 – Al-Mustansir Billah , Egyptian Caliph (d. 1094)
1321 – Joan of The Tower , Scottish wife of David II of Scotland (d. 1362)
1466 – Giovanni Sforza , Italian condottiero , lord of Pesaro and Gradara (d. 1510)
1547 – Garzia de' Medici , Tuscan son of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1562)
1549 – Francesco Maria del Monte , Italian cardinal (d. 1627)
1554 – Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France (d. 1592)
1586 – Thomas Hooker , English-American settler, founded the Colony of Connecticut (d. 1647)
1653 – Thomas Pitt , English businessman and politician (d. 1726)
1670 – Countess Palatine Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg (d. 1748)
1675 – Mary Walcott , American witness at the Salem witch trials (d. 1719)
1709 – Étienne de Silhouette , French Controller-General of Finances (d. 1767)
1717 – Peter III of Portugal (d. 1786)
1718 – Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford , English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1794)
1745 – Carl Arnold Kortum , German physician (d. 1824)
1755 – Sarah Siddons , Welsh-English actress (d. 1831)
1780 – François Carlo Antommarchi , French physician (d. 1838)
1793 – Pavel Pestel , Russian soldier (d. 1826)
1794 – Sylvester Graham , American minister and activist (d. 1851)
1801 – David Farragut , American admiral (d. 1870)
1802 – Pavel Nakhimov , Russian admiral (d. 1855)
1805 – Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte , English-American son of Jérôme Bonaparte (d. 1870)
1805 – Robert FitzRoy , English captain, meteorologist, and politician, 2nd Governor of New Zealand (d. 1865)
1810 – P. T. Barnum , American businessman, co-founded Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (d. 1891)
1820 – William John Macquorn Rankine , Scottish physicist, mathematician, and engineer (d. 1872)
1829 – Ignacio Mariscal , Mexican politician and diplomat, Secretary of Foreign Affairs for Mexico (d. 1910)
1832 – Pavel Chistyakov , Russian painter and educator (d. 1919)
1841 – William Collins Whitney , American financier and politician, 31st United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1904)
1849 – William Thomas Stead , English journalist (d. 1912)
1853 – Cecil Rhodes , English-South African businessman and politician, 6th Prime Minister of the Cape Colony (d. 1902)
1857 – Clara Zetkin , German theorist and activist (d. 1933)
1860 – Robert Bacon , American colonel and politician, 39th United States Secretary of State (d. 1919)
1872 – Édouard Herriot , French politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1957)
1874 – Eugen Fischer , German physician and academic (d. 1967)
1879 – Dwight F. Davis , American tennis player and politician, 49th United States Secretary of War (d. 1945)
1879 – Wanda Landowska , Polish-French harpsichord player (d. 1959)
1880 – Jan Kubelík , Czech violinist and composer (d. 1940)
1880 – Constantin Tănase , Romanian actor and playwright (d. 1945)
1882 – Inayat Khan , Indian mystic and educator (d. 1927)
1883 – Gustave Lanctot , Canadian historian, author, and academic (d. 1975)
1885 – Blas Infante , Spanish historian and politician (d. 1936)
1885 – André Lhote , French sculptor and painter (d. 1962)
1886 – Willem Drees , Dutch accountant and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1988)
1888 – Herbert Spencer Gasser , American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1963)
1888 – Louise Freeland Jenkins , American astronomer (d. 1970)
1889 – Jean Cocteau , French author, poet, and playwright (d. 1963)
1891 – John Howard Northrop , American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
1891 – Tin Ujević , Croatian poet (d. 1955)
1894 – Ants Lauter , Estonian actor and director (d. 1973)
1895 – Gordon Jacob , English composer (d. 1984)
1898 – Georgios Grivas , Greek general (d. 1974)
1899 – Marcel Achard , French playwright, screenwriter, and author (d. 1974)
1900 – Yoshimaro Yamashina , Japanese ornithologist, founded the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology (d. 1989)
1902 – Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. , American colonel and politician, 3rd United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 1985)
1904 – Harold Acton , English scholar and author (d. 1994)
1904 – Ernst Mayr , German-American biologist and ornithologist (d. 2005)
1904 – Milburn Stone , American actor (d. 1980)
1910 – Georges Vedel , French lawyer and academic (d. 2002)
1911 – Endel Aruja , Estonian-Canadian physicist (d. 2008)
1911 – Giorgio Borġ Olivier , Maltese lawyer and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1980)
1911 – Georges Pompidou , French politician, 19th President of France (d. 1974)
1912 – Mack David , American songwriter (d. 1993)
1913 – George Costakis , Russian art collector (d. 1990)
1913 – Smiley Lewis , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1966)
1914 – Gerda Gilboe , Danish actress and singer (d. 2009)
1915 – John Woodruff , American runner (d. 2007)
1918 – K. Karunakaran , Indian politician, 7th Chief Minister of Kerala (d. 2010)
1918 – René Lecavalier , Canadian sportscaster (d. 1999)
1918 – Zakaria Mohieddin , Egyptian general and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2012)
1918 – George Rochberg , American composer and educator (d. 2005)
1920 – Mary Louise Hancock , American politician
1921 – Viktor Kulikov , Russian marshal (d. 2013)
1921 – Nanos Valaoritis , Greek writer
1924 – Niels Jannasch , German-Canadian historian (d. 2001)
1924 – János Starker , Hungarian-American cellist and educator (d. 2013)
1925 – Fernando de Szyszlo , Peruvian painter and sculptor
1925 – Jean Raspail , French author and explorer
1928 – Pierre Mauroy , French educator and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 2013)
1928 – Warren Oates , American actor (d. 1982)
1929 – Katherine Helmond , American actress and director
1929 – Jiří Reynek , Czech poet and graphic artist (d. 2014)
1929 – Chikao Ōtsuka , Japanese actor and voice actor (d. 2015)
1931 – Ismail Mahomed , South African lawyer and politician, 17th Chief Justice of South Africa (d. 2000)
1932 – Gyula Horn , Hungarian politician, 37th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 2013)
1936 – Shirley Knight , American actress
1936 – James Mirrlees , Scottish economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
1940 – Chuck Close , American painter and photographer
1942 – Hannes Löhr , German footballer, coach, and manager
1943 – Curt Blefary , American baseball player and coach (d. 2001)
1943 – Robbie Robertson , Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor (The Band )
1945 – Humberto Benítez Treviño , Mexican lawyer and politician, Attorney General of México
1946 – Pierre-Marc Johnson , Canadian lawyer, physician, and politician, 24th Premier of Quebec
1946 – Paul Smith , English fashion designer
1946 – Gerard 't Hooft , Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
1946 – Vladimir Mikhailovich Zakharov , Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 2013)
1947 – Todd Akin , American soldier, engineer, and politician
1948 – William Hootkins , American actor (d. 2005)
1949 – Ludwig G. Strauss , German physician and academic (d. 2013)
1950 – Huey Lewis , American singer-songwriter and actor (Huey Lewis and the News and Clover )
1951 – Keiko Fuji , Japanese singer and actress (d. 2013)
1951 – Roger Wicker , American colonel, lawyer, and politician
1954 – Leni Björklund , Swedish politician, 28th Minister of Defence for Sweden
1954 – Jimmy Crespo , American guitarist and songwriter (Aerosmith and Stress )
1954 – Elżbieta Pierzchała , Polish politician
1955 – Peter McNamara , Australian tennis player and coach
1956 – Horacio Cartes , Paraguayan politician, President of Paraguay
1957 – Carlo Thränhardt , German high jumper
1957 – Doug Wilson , Canadian-American ice hockey player and manager
1958 – Bill Watterson , American author and illustrator
1959 – Marc Cohn , American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
1960 – Brad Loree , Canadian actor and stuntman
1960 – Pruitt Taylor Vince , American actor
1961 – Isabelle Poulenard , French soprano
1962 – Sarina Hülsenbeck , German swimmer
1962 – Amrozi bin Nurhasyim , Indonesian terrorist (d. 2008)
1963 – Edie Falco , American actress
1963 – Yasmin Qureshi , Pakistani-English politician
1963 – Mark Stockwell , Australian swimmer
1964 – Ronald D. Moore , American screenwriter and producer
1965 – Kathryn Erbe , American actress
1965 – Eyran Katsenelenbogen , Israeli pianist
1966 – Gianfranco Zola , Italian footballer and coach
1967 – Vinod Raj , Indian actor, singer, and dancer
1968 – Ken Akamatsu , Japanese illustrator
1968 – Kenji Ito , Japanese composer
1968 – Nardwuar the Human Serviette , Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player (The Evaporators )
1968 – Hedi Slimane , French fashion designer
1968 – Alex Zülle , Swiss cyclist
1968 – Michael Stuhlbarg , American actor
1969 – Jenji Kohan , American screenwriter and producer
1969 – John LeClair , American ice hockey player
1970 – Mac Dre , American rapper and producer, founded Thizz Entertainment (d. 2004)
1970 – Valentí Massana , Spanish race walker
1971 – Derek McInnes , Scottish footballer and manager
1972 – Matthew Birir , Kenyan runner
1972 – Robert Esmie , Canadian sprinter
1973 – Marcus Allbäck , Swedish footballer and coach
1973 – Bengt Lagerberg , Swedish drummer (The Cardigans )
1973 – Róisín Murphy , Irish singer-songwriter and producer (Moloko )
1973 – Alexander Radčenko , Czech handball player
1973 – René Spies , German bobsledder
1974 – Márcio Amoroso , Brazilian footballer
1975 – Hernán Crespo , Argentinian footballer
1975 – Ai Sugiyama , Japanese tennis player
1976 – Nuno Gomes , Portuguese footballer
1977 – Royce da 5'9" , American rapper and producer (Bad Meets Evil and Slaughterhouse )
1977 – Nicolas Kiefer , German tennis player
1978 – Britta Oppelt , German rower
1978 – Allan Simonsen , Danish race car driver (d. 2013)
1979 – Shane Filan , Irish singer-songwriter (Westlife )
1979 – Amélie Mauresmo , French tennis player
1979 – Stiliyan Petrov , Bulgarian footballer and manager
1980 – David Rozehnal , Czech footballer
1980 – Mads Tolling , Danish-American violinist and composer (Turtle Island Quartet )
1980 – Jason Wade , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Lifehouse )
1981 – Gianne Albertoni , Brazilian model and actress
1981 – Ryan Hansen , American actor
1982 – Paíto , Mozambican footballer
1982 – Alain Arroyo , Spanish footballer
1982 – Vitaliy Borisov , Azerbaijani footballer
1982 – Tuba Büyüküstün , Turkish actress
1982 – Fabrício de Souza , Brazilian footballer
1982 – Alexander Dimitrenko , German boxer
1982 – Vladimir Fedotov , Russian footballer
1982 – Julien Féret , French footballer
1982 – Lionel Gautherie , French rugby player
1982 – Alberto Gilardino , Italian footballer
1982 – Philippe Gilbert , Belgian cyclist
1982 – Kate Gynther , Australian water polo player
1982 – Javier Paredes , Spanish footballer
1982 – Szabolcs Perenyi , Romanian-Hungarian footballer
1982 – Beno Udrih , Slovenian basketball player
1982 – Ata Yamrali , Afghan-German footballer
1983 – Jonás Gutiérrez , Argentinian footballer
1983 – Zheng Jie , Chinese tennis player
1983 – Taavi Peetre , Estonian shot putter (d. 2010)
1983 – Marco Estrada , Mexican baseball player
1984 – Danay García , Cuban-American actress
1984 – Marion Thees , German skeleton racer
1984 – Yu Yamada , Japanese model, actress, and singer
1985 – Alle Farben , German DJ and producer
1985 – Stephanie McIntosh , Australian singer and actress
1985 – Lucía Pérez , Spanish singer
1985 – Alexandre R. Picard , Canadian ice hockey player
1985 – Megan Rapinoe , American football player
1986 – Piermario Morosini , Italian footballer (d. 2012)
1986 – Alexander Radulov , Russian ice hockey player
1986 – Adam Young , Singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist
1987 – Andrija Kaluđerović , Serbian footballer
1988 – Adriano Buzaid , Brazilian race car driver
1988 – Vincent Chepkok , Kenyan runner
1988 – Samir Ujkani , Albanian footballer
1989 – Georgios Efrem , Cypriot footballer
1989 – Dwight King , Canadian ice hockey player
1989 – Sjinkie Knegt , Dutch speed skater
1989 – Dejan Lovren , Croatian footballer
1990 – Abeba Aregawi , Ethiopian-Swedish runner
1991 – Jason Dolley , American actor
1992 – Alberto Moreno , Spanish footballer
1993 – Yaroslav Kosov , Russian ice hockey player
1996 – Dolly , Scottish sheep (d. 2003)
Deaths
967 – Emperor Murakami of Japan (b. 926)
1316 – Ferdinand of Majorca (b. 1278)
1375 – Charles III, Count of Alençon (b. 1337)
1507 – Crinitus , Florentine scholar (b. 1475)
1539 – Anthony Maria Zaccaria , Italian saint (b. 1502)
1666 – Albert VI, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1584)
1676 – Carl Gustaf Wrangel , Swedish commander and politician (b. 1613)
1715 – Charles Ancillon , French jurist and diplomat (b. 1659)
1719 – Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg , German-English general (b. 1641)
1773 – Francisco José Freire , Portuguese historian and philologist (b. 1719)
1819 – William Cornwallis , English admiral and politician (b.1744)
1826 – Stamford Raffles , English politician, founded Singapore (b. 1782)
1833 – Nicéphore Niépce , French inventor, created the first known photograph (b. 1765)
1859 – Charles Cagniard de la Tour , French physicist and engineer (b. 1777)
1862 – Heinrich Georg Bronn , German geologist and paleontologist (b. 1800)
1863 – Lewis Armistead , American general (b. 1817)
1884 – Victor Massé , French composer (b. 1822)
1908 – Jonas Lie , Norwegian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1833)
1920 – Max Klinger , German painter and sculptor (b. 1857)
1927 – Albrecht Kossel , German physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853)
1932 – Sasha Chorny , Russian poet and author (b. 1880)
1935 – Bernard de Pourtalès , Swiss captain and sailor (b. 1870)
1937 – Daniel Sawyer , American golfer (b. 1884)
1943 – Karin Swanström , Swedish actress, producer and director (b. 1873)
1945 – John Curtin , Australian politician, 14th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1885)
1948 – Georges Bernanos , French soldier and author (b. 1888)
1948 – Carole Landis , American actress and singer (b. 1919)
1958 – Luigi Musso , Italian racing driver (b. 1924)
1965 – Porfirio Rubirosa , Dominican race car driver, polo player, and diplomat (b. 1909)
1966 – George de Hevesy , Hungarian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)
1969 – Wilhelm Backhaus , German pianist and educator (b. 1884)
1969 – Walter Gropius , German architect, designed the John F. Kennedy Federal Building and Werkbund Exhibition (b. 1883)
1969 – Tom Mboya , Kenyan politician, 1st Minister of Justice for Kenya (b. 1930)
1969 – Leo McCarey , American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1898)
1983 – Harry James , American trumpet player and actor (b. 1916)
1991 – Howard Nemerov , American poet (b. 1920)
1995 – Jüri Järvet , Estonian actor (b. 1919)
1998 – Sid Luckman , American football player (b. 1916)
2002 – Katy Jurado , Mexican actress (b. 1924)
2002 – Ted Williams , American baseball player and manager (b. 1918)
2004 – Hugh Shearer , Jamaican politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1923)
2004 – Rodger Ward , American race car driver (b. 1921)
2005 – James Stockdale , American admiral (b. 1923)
2006 – Gert Fredriksson , Swedish canoe racer (b. 1919)
2006 – Thirunalloor Karunakaran , Indian poet and scholar (b. 1924)
2006 – Kenneth Lay , American businessman (b. 1942)
2007 – Régine Crespin , French soprano (b. 1927)
2007 – Kerwin Mathews , American actor (b. 1926)
2007 – George Melly , English singer-songwriter and critic (b. 1926)
2010 – Bob Probert , Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1965)
2011 – Cy Twombly , American painter (b. 1928)
2012 – Gerrit Komrij , Dutch author, poet, and playwright (b. 1944)
2012 – Ruud van Hemert , Dutch actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1938)
2014 – Rosemary Murphy , German-American actress (b. 1925)
2014 – Volodymyr Sabodan , Ukrainian metropolitan (b. 1935)
2014 – Hans-Ulrich Wehler , German historian and academic (b. 1931)
Holidays and observances
External links
Months and days of the year
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
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