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April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian calendar, the fifth in the early Julian and one of four months with a length of 30 days.
April is commonly associated with the season of spring in parts of the Northern Hemisphere and autumn in parts of the Southern Hemisphere, where it is the seasonal equivalent to October in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa.
Contents
- 1 Background
- 2 April symbols
- 3 Start and end days in relation to other months
- 4 April observances
- 4.1 Month-long observances
- 4.2 Non-Gregorian observances, 2016
- 4.3 Movable observances, 2016 dates
- 4.3.1 First Saturday – April 2
- 4.3.2 First Sunday – April 3
- 4.3.3 First full week – April 3–9
- 4.3.4 Week of the New Moon – April 3–9
- 4.3.5 Week of April 14 – April 10–16
- 4.3.6 Third Monday – April 18
- 4.3.7 Third Wednesday – April 20
- 4.3.8 First Thursday after April 18 – April 21
- 4.3.9 Third Thursday – April 21
- 4.3.10 Last full week of April – April 24–30
- 4.3.10.1 Last Sunday – April 24
- 4.3.10.2 April 27 - moves to April 26 if April 27 is on a Sunday - April 27
- 4.3.10.3 Wednesday of last full week of April – April 27
- 4.3.10.4 Last Monday - April 26
- 4.3.10.5 Last Wednesday - April 27
- 4.3.10.6 Fourth Thursday – April 28
- 4.3.10.7 Last Friday – April 29
- 4.3.10.8 Last Friday in April to first Sunday in May – April 29–May 1
- 4.3.10.9 Last Saturday – April 30
- 4.3.11 Movable Western Christian observances – 2016
- 4.3.12 Movable Eastern Christian observances – 2016
- 4.4 Fixed observances
- 5 See also
- 6 References and sources
- 7 External links
Background
![](https://web.archive.org/web/20160429222001im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_avril.jpg/220px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_avril.jpg)
The Romans gave this month the Latin name Aprilis[1] but the derivation of this name is uncertain. The traditional etymology is from the verb aperire, "to open", in allusion to its being the season when trees and flowers begin to "open", which is supported by comparison with the modern Greek use of άνοιξη (ánixi) (opening) for spring. Since some of the Roman months were named in honor of divinities, and as April was sacred to the goddess Venus, her Veneralia being held on the first day, it has been suggested that Aprilis was originally her month Aphrilis, from her equivalent Greek goddess name Aphrodite (Aphros), or from the Etruscan name Apru. Jacob Grimm suggests the name of a hypothetical god or hero, Aper or Aprus.[2]
April was the second month of the earliest Roman calendar, before Ianuarius and Februarius were added by King Numa Pompilius about 700 BC. It became the fourth month of the calendar year (the year when twelve months are displayed in order) during the time of the decemvirs about 450 BC, when it also was given 29 days. The 30th day was added during the reform of the calendar undertaken by Julius Caesar in the mid-40s BC, which produced the Julian calendar.
The Anglo-Saxons called April ēastre-monaþ. The Venerable Bede says in The Reckoning of Time that this month ēastre is the root of the word Easter. He further states that the month was named after a goddess Eostre whose feast was in that month. It is also attested by Einhard in his work, Vita Karoli Magni.
St George's day is the twenty-third of the month; and St Mark's Eve, with its superstition that the ghosts of those who are doomed to die within the year will be seen to pass into the church, falls on the twenty-fourth.
In China the symbolic ploughing of the earth by the emperor and princes of the blood took place in their third month, which frequently corresponds to April.[citation needed] In Finnish April is huhtikuu, meaning slash-and-burn moon, when gymnosperms for beat and burn clearing of farmland were felled.[3]
In Slovene, the most established traditional name is mali traven, meaning the month when plants start growing. It was first written in 1466 in the Škofja Loka manuscript.[4]'
The month Aprilis had 30 days; Numa Pompilius made it 29 days long; finally Julius Caesar’s calendar reform made it again 30 days long, which was not changed in the calendar revision of Augustus Caesar in 8 BC.
In Ancient Rome, the festival of Cerealia was held for seven days from mid-to-late April, but exact dates are uncertain. Feriae Latinae was also held in April, with the date varying. Other ancient Roman observances include Veneralia (April 1), Megalesia (April 10–16), Fordicidia (April 15), Parilia (April 21), Vinalia Urbana, Robigalia, and Serapia were celebrated on (April 25). Floralia was held April 27 during the Republican era, or April 28 on the Julian calendar, and lasted until May 3. However, these dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar.
The Lyrids meteor shower appears on April 16-April 26 each year, with the peak generally occurring on April 22. Eta Aquariids meteor shower also appears in April. It is visible from about April 21 to about May 20 each year with peak activity on or around May 6. The Pi Puppids appear on April 23, but only in years around the parent comet's perihelion date. The Virginids also shower at various dates in April.
The "Days of April" (journées d'avril) is a name appropriated in French history to a series of insurrections at Lyons, Paris and elsewhere, against the government of Louis Philippe in 1834, which led to violent repressive measures, and to a famous trial known as the procès d'avril.[3]
April symbols
- April's birthstone is the diamond.
- The birth flower is typically listed as either the Daisy (Bellis perennis) or the Sweet Pea.[5][6]
- The zodiac signs for the month of April are Aries (until April 20) and Taurus (April 21 onwards).
Start and end days in relation to other months
April starts on the same day of the week as July in all years, and January in leap years. April ends on the same day of the week as December every year. October of the previous year starts on the same day of the week as April of the current year as a common year and May of the previous year starts on the same day of the week as April of the current year as a leap year. July of the previous year ends on the same day of the week as April of the current year as a common year and February and October of the previous year ends on the same day of the week as April of the current year as a leap year. In years immediately before common years, April starts on the same day of the week as September and December of the following year and in years immediately before leap years, June of the following year. In years immediately before common years, April ends on the same day of the week as September of the following year and in years immediately before leap years, March and June of the following year. In common years immediately after common years, April begins on the same day of the week as January of the previous year while in leap years and years immediately after that, April finishes on the same day of the week as January of the previous year
April observances
This list does not necessarily imply either official status nor general observance.
Month-long observances
United States
- Arab American Heritage Month
- Autism Awareness Month (United States)
- Cancer Control Month
- Confederate History Month (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, Virginia)
- Donate Life Month
- Financial Literacy Month
- Jazz Appreciation Month
- Mathematics Awareness Month
- National Poetry Month
- National Poetry Writing Month
- National Prevent Child Abuse Month
- National Volunteer Month
- Parkinson's Disease Awareness Month
- Sexual Assault Awareness Month
Non-Gregorian observances, 2016
- Sizdah Be-dar (Iranian calendar) – April 2 [7]
- Qingming Festival (Chinese calendar) – April 4
- Cold Food Festival (Chinese calendar) – April 5–7
- Mopin (Galo people) – April 5
- Cheti Chand (Sindhi people) – April 8
- Gudi Padwa (Hinduism) – April 8
- Hekate's Deipnon (Attic calendar, Hellenism) – April 8 [8]
- Feast of Glory – (Bahai calendar) – April 8[9]
- Sajibu Cheiraoba (Meitei people) – April 8
- Ugadi (Hinduism) –April 8
- Yom Kippur Katan (Hebrew calendar) – April 8
- Rosh Chodesh of Nisan/Fast of Pilegesh Bagiva (Hebrew calendar) – April 9 (fast is optional and is generally only observed by Chevra kadisha)
- Gangaur (Hinduism) – April 10 [10]
- Pongtu (Tutsa Naga) – April 11[11]
- Cambodian New Year – April 13-15
- Mesha Sankranti/Pana Sankranti (Hinduism) – April 13[12]
- Songkran (Lao) - April 13-15
- Vishu (Hinduism, Indian National Calendar) – April 13–14
- Bohag Bihu (Assamese people) – April 14[13]
- Delphinia (Attic calendar, Hellenism) – April 14 [8]
- Maithili New Year - April 14 (Nepali calendar) - April 14
- Puthandu (Tamil calendar) – April 14
- Sangken (certain Buddhist communities in India) – April 14
- Sinhalese New Year (Sri Lanka) - April 14 [14]
- Rama Navami (Hinduism) – April 15
- Hùng Kings' Festival (Vietnamese calendar) - April 16[15]
- Shabdrung Kurchoe (Bhutanese calendar) - April 16[16]
- Kamada Ekadashi (Hinduism) – April 17[12]
- Fast of Miriam (Hebrew calendar) – April 18 (fast is optional and is generally only observed by Chevra kadisha)
- 11 Nissan (Hebrew calendar, Chabad sect only) – April 19
- Education and Sharing Day (Hebrew calendar, United States) – April 19
- Mahavir Jayanti (Jainism) (April 19Karnataka and Rajasthan only, April 20 in other locations)
- Garia puja (Tripura, India) – April 20
- Birthday of ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (Islamic calendar – April 20
- Mahavir Jayanti (Jainism) – April 20 (April 19 in Karnataka and Rajasthan)
- Ridván (Bahai) April 20 – May 1[9]
- Bak Full Moon Poya (Sri Lanka) - April 21 [17]
- Bedikas Chametz (Hebrew calendar) – April 21
- Father's Day (Islamic calendar) – April 21
- Hanuman Jayanti (Hinduism) – April 21
- Fast of the Firstborn (Hebrew calendar) – April 22
- Passover (Hebrew calendar) – (Begins sundown) April 22-April 30 (Ends April 29 in Israel)
- Counting of the Omer (Hebrew calendar) – April 23-June 10. (Ends June 9 in Israel)
- Feast of Beauty – (Bahai calendar) – April 27[9]
- Mimouna (Hebrew calendar) – April 30 (April 29 in Israel)
Movable observances, 2016 dates
- Square Root Day – April 4
- National Health Day (Kiribati) – April 8[18]
- Crime Victims' Rights Week – April 10–16[19]
- National Volunteer Week v April 10–16 (Canada, United States)
- Youth Homelessness Matters Day – April 13[20] (Australia)
- Day of Dialogue (United States) – April 14[21]
- Day of Silence (United States) – April 15
- Global Youth Service Day - April 15-17
- National Park Week (United States) – April 16–24[22]
- National Dance Week (United States – April 22 – May 1[23]
- Vaccination Week In The Americas – April 23–30
- European Immunization Week – April 24–30
- Denim Day (International observance) – April 27
- Pay It Forward Day - April 28
First Saturday – April 2
First Sunday – April 3
- A Drop of Water Is a Grain of Gold (Turkmenistan)
- Geologists Day (former Soviet Union countries)
- Kanamara Matsuri (Kawasaki, Japan)
- Opening Day (United States)
First full week – April 3–9
- National Library Week (United States)
- National Library Workers Day (United States) (Tuesday of National Library week, April 5)
- National Bookmobile Day (Wednesday of National Library week, April 6)
- National Library Workers Day (United States) (Thursday of National Library week, April 7)
- National Public Health Week (United States)
Week of the New Moon – April 3–9
First Wednesday – April 6
Second Friday of April – April 8
- Fast and Prayer Day (Liberia)
- Air Force Day (Russia)
- Kamakura Matsuri at Tsurugaoka Hachiman (Kamakura, Japan), lasts until third Sunday.
Week of April 14 – April 10–16
Second Sunday – April 10
Second Wednesday - April 13
Second Thursday – April 14
Third Saturday – April 16
Third Monday – April 18
- Patriots' Day (Massachusetts, Maine, United States)
- Queen's Official Birthday (Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha)
- Sechseläuten (Zürich, Switzerland)
Third Wednesday – April 20
First Thursday after April 18 – April 21
Third Thursday – April 21
Last full week of April – April 24–30
Last Sunday – April 24
April 27 - moves to April 26 if April 27 is on a Sunday - April 27
Wednesday of last full week of April – April 27
Last Monday - April 26
- Confederate Memorial Day (Alabama, Georgia (U.S. state|Georgia]], and Mississippi, United States)
Last Wednesday - April 27
Fourth Thursday – April 28
Last Friday – April 29
Last Friday in April to first Sunday in May – April 29–May 1
Last Saturday – April 30
- Children's Day (Colombia)
- National Rebuilding Day (United States)
- National Sense of Smell Day (United States)
Movable Western Christian observances – 2016
- Divine Mercy Sunday – April 3 (Second Sunday after Easter)
- Jubilate Sunday – April 10 (Third Sunday after Easter)
- Hocktide – April 11–12 (England) (the Monday and Tuesday in the week following the second Tuesday after Easter)
- Earth Day Sunday – April 17 (some Protestant denominations) (Sunday before Earth Day)
- Good Shepherd Sunday – April 17 (Fourth Sunday after Easter)
- Store Bededag – April 22 (Fourth Friday after Easter in Denmark)
- Cantate Sunday – April 24
Movable Eastern Christian observances – 2016
- Saturday of Souls – April 2
- Sunday of the Holy Cross – April 3
- Saturday of Souls – April 9
- Sunday of St. John Climacus – April 10
- Saturday of the Akathist – April 16
- Sunday of St. Mary of Egypt – April 17
- Nabi Musa – April 22
- Lazarus Saturday – April 23
- Palm Sunday – April 24
- Holy Monday – April 25
- Holy Tuesday – April 26
- Holy Wednesday – April 27
- Maundy Thursday – April 28,
- Good Friday – April 29
- Holy Saturday – April 30
Fixed observances
- April 1
- April 2
- International Children's Book Day (International observance)
- Malvinas Day (Argentina)
- National Peanut Butter and Jelly Day (United States)
- Odisha Day (Odisha, India)
- Thai Heritage Conservation Day (Thailand)
- Unity of Peoples of Russia and Belarus Day (Belarus)
- World Autism Awareness Day (International observance)
- April 3
- April 4
- April 5
- April 6
- April 7
- April 8
- Buddha's Birthday (Japan only, other countries follow different calendars)
- Feast of the First Day of the Writing of the Book of the Law (Thelema)
- International Romani Day (International observance)
- Trading Cards for Grown-ups Day
- April 9
- Anniversary of the German Invasion of Denmark (Denmark)
- Baghdad Liberation Day (Iraqi Kurdistan)
- Bataan Day or Araw ng Kagitingan (Philippines)
- Constitution Day (Kosovo)
- Day of National Unity (Georgia)
- Day of the Finnish Language (Finland)
- Feast of the Second Day of the Writing of the Book of the Law (Thelema)
- International Banshtai Tsai Day
- Martyr's Day (Tunisia)
- National Former Prisoner of War Recognition Day (United States)
- Remembrance for Haakon Sigurdsson (The Troth)
- Vimy Ridge Day (Canada)
- April 10
- April 11
- Juan Santamaría Day, anniversary of his death in the Second Battle of Rivas. (Costa Rica)
- International Louie Louie Day
- National Cheese Fondue Day (United States)
- World Parkinson's Day
- April 12
- Children's Day (Bolivia and Haiti)
- Commemoration of first human in space by Yuri Gagarin:
- Halifax Day (North Carolina)
- National Grilled Cheese Sandwich Day (United States)
- National Redemption Day (Liberia)
- Walk on Your Wild Side Day
- April 13
- Jefferson's Birthday (United States)
- Katyn Memorial Day (Poland)
- Puthandu (Tamils) (Britain, Canada),
- First day of Songkran (Thailand) (April 13-16)
- Teacher's Day (Ecuador)
- First day of Thingyan (Burma) (April 13-16)
- April 14
- Abushibarei (Ryukyuan religion)
- Ambedkar Jayanti (India)
- Black Day (South Korea)
- Commemoration of Anfal Genocide Against the Kurds (Iraqi Kurdistan)
- Dhivehi Language Day (Maldives)
- Day of Mologa (Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia)
- Day of the Georgian language (Georgia (country))
- Season of Emancipation (April 14 to August 23) (Barbados)
- N'Ko Alphabet Day (Mande speakers)
- Pohela Boishakh (Bangladesh)
- Pana Sankranti (Odisha, India)
- Puthandu (Tamils) (India, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka)
- Second day of Songkran (Thailand) (Thailand)
- Pan American Day (several countries in the Americas)
- The first day of Takayama Spring Festival (Takayama, Gifu, Japan)
- Vaisakh (Punjab (region)), (India and Pakistan)
- Youth Day (Angola)
- April 15
- Day of the Sun (North Korea)
- Hillsborough Disaster Memorial(Liverpool, England)
- Jackie Robinson Day (United States)
- National Banana Day (United States)
- Pohela Boishakh (West Bengal, India) (Note: celebrated on April 14 in Bangladesh)
- Last day of Songkran (Thailand) (Thailand)
- Tax Day, the official deadline for filing an individual tax return (or requesting an extension). (United States, Philippines)
- Universal Day of Culture
- World Art Day
- April 16
- Birthday of José de Diego (Puerto Rico, United States)
- Birthday of Queen Margrethe II (Denmark)
- Emancipation Day (Washington, D.C., United States)
- Foursquare Day (International observance)
- Memorial Day for the Victims of the Holocaust (Hungary)
- National Healthcare Decisions Day (United States)
- Remembrance of Chemical Attack on Balisan and Sheikh Wasan (Iraqi Kurdistan)
- World Voice Day
- April 17
- April 18
- April 19
- Army Day (Brazil)
- Beginning of the Independence Movement (Venezuela)
- Bicycle Day
- Dutch-American Friendship Day (United States)
- Holocaust Remembrance Day (Poland)
- Indian Day (Brazil)
- King Mswati III's birthday (Swaziland)
- Landing of the 33 Patriots Day (Uruguay)
- National Garlic Day (United States)
- National Rice Ball Day (United States)
- Primrose Day (United Kingdom)
- April 20
- April 21
- A&M Day (Texas A&M University)
- Civil Service Day (India)
- Day of Local Self-Government (Russia)
- Grounation Day (Rastafari movement)
- Heroic Defense of Veracruz (Mexico)
- Kang Pan-sok’s Birthday (North Korea)
- Kartini Day (Indonesia)
- Local Self Government Day (Russia)
- National Tree Planting Day (Kenya)
- San Jacinto Day (Texas)
- Queen's Official Birthday (Falkland Islands)
- Tiradentes' Day (Brazil)
- Vietnam Book Day (Vietnam)
- April 22
- Discovery Day (Brazil)
- Earth Day (International observance) and its related observance:
- Holocaust Remembrance Day (Serbia)
- National Jelly Bean Day (United States)
- April 23
- Castile and León Day (Castile and León, Spain)
- German Beer Day (Germany)
- Independence Day (Conch Republic, Key West, Florida)
- International Pixel-Stained Technopeasant Day
- Khongjom Day (Manipur, India)
- National Sovereignty and Children's Day (Turkey and Northern Cyprus)
- Navy Day (China)
- St George's Day (England) and its related observances:
- UN English Language Day (United Nations)
- April 24
- Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day (Armenia)
- Concord Day (Niger)
- Children's Day (Zambia)
- Democracy Day (Nepal)
- Fashion Revolution Day
- Flag Day (Ireland)
- International Sculpture Day
- Kapyong Day (Australia)
- Labour Safety Day (Bangladesh)
- National Panchayati Raj Day (India)
- National Pigs in a Blanket Day (United States)
- Republic Day (The Gambia)
- St Mark's Eve (Western Christianity)
- World Day for Laboratory Animals
- April 25
- Anniversary of the First Cabinet of Kurdish Government (Iraqi Kurdistan)
- Anzac Day (Australia, New Zealand)
- Arbor Day (Germany)
- DNA Day
- Feast of Saint Mark (Western Christianity)
- Flag Day (Faroe Islands)
- Flag Day (Swaziland)
- Freedom Day (Portugal)
- Liberation Day (Italy)
- Major Rogation (Western Christianity)
- Military Foundation Day (North Korea)
- National Zucchini Bread Day (United States)
- Parental Alienation Awareness Day
- Red Hat Society Day
- Sinai Liberation Day (Egypt)
- World Malaria Day
- April 26
- April 27
- Day of Russian Parliamentarism (Russia)
- Day of the Uprising Against the Occupying Forces (Slovenia)
- Flag Day (Moldova)
- Freedom Day (South Africa)
- Independence Day (Sierra Leone)
- Independence Day (Togo)
- National Day (Mayotte)
- National Day (Sierra Leone)
- National Prime Rib Day (United States)
- National Veterans' Day (Finland)
- April 28
- April 29
- Day of Remembrance for all Victims of Chemical Warfare (International)
- International Dance Day
- Princess Bedike's Birthday (Denmark)
- National Shrimp Scampi Day (United States)
- Shōwa Day, traditionally the start of the Golden Week holiday period, which is April 29 and May 3–5. (Japan)
- April 30
- Armed Forces Day (Georgia)
- Birthday of the King (Sweden)
- Camarón Day (French Foreign Legion)
- Children's Day (Mexico),
- International Jazz Day (UNESCO)
- National Persian Gulf Day (Iran)
- Consumer Protection Day (Thailand)
- Reunification Day (Vietnam)
- Teachers' Day (Paraguay)
- Walpurgis Night (Europe, United States)
See also
References and sources
- References
- ^ "April" in Chambers's Encyclopædia. London: George Newnes, 1961, Vol. 1, p. 497.
- ^ Jacob Grim Geschichte der deutschen Sprache. Cap. "Monate"
- ^ a b Chisholm 1911.
- ^ "Koledar prireditev v letu 2007 in druge informacije občine Dobrova–Polhov Gradec" [The Calendar of Events and Other Information of the Municipality of Dobrova–Polhov Gradec] (PDF) (in Slovenian). Municipality of Dobrova-Polhov Gradec. 2006.
- ^ Kipfer, Barbara Ann (1997) The Order of Things. New York: Random House
- ^ "U101 College Search".
- ^ http://www.beleven.org/feest/sizdah_be-dar_13_bedar
- ^ a b "2015 Hellenion Calendar".
- ^ a b c https://badipublishing.com/index.php/holy-days-2016/
- ^ http://www.festivalsofindia.in/gangaur/index.aspx
- ^ http://arunachalipr.gov.in/GH_Local.htm
- ^ a b http://www.drikpanchang.com/festivals/month/festivals-april.html?year=2016
- ^ http://www.festivalsofindia.in/bihu/Rongali_Bihu.aspx
- ^ http://www.officeholidays.com/countries/sri_lanka/index.php
- ^ https://anydayguide.com/calendar/2905
- ^ https://anydayguide.com/calendar/2934
- ^ http://www.officeholidays.com/countries/sri_lanka/index.php
- ^ https://anydayguide.com/calendar/1917
- ^ http://ovc.ncjrs.gov/ncvrw/
- ^ http://www.youthhomelessnessmatters.net/yhmd/welcome-nych
- ^ http://www.dayofdialogue.com/
- ^ https://www.nps.gov/findapark/national-park-week.htm
- ^ http://www.nationaldanceweek.org/
- Sources
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "April". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
External links
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