Sharof Rashidov Шароф Рашидович Рашидов | |
---|---|
First Secretary of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan | |
In office 15 March 1959 – 31 October 1983 | |
Preceded by | Sobir Kamolov |
Succeeded by | Inomjon Usmonxo‘jayev |
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic | |
In office 21 August 1950 – 24 March 1959 | |
Preceded by | Sobir Kamolov |
Succeeded by | Amin Niyazov or Yadgar Nasriddinov |
Candidate member of the 22nd, 23rd, 24th , 25th, 26th Politburo | |
In office 31 October 1961 – 31 October 1983 | |
Full member of the 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th Central Committee | |
In office 31 October 1961 – 31 October 1983 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Jizzakh, Russian Republic (now Uzbekistan) | 6 November 1917
Died | 31 October 1983 Ellikqala District, Karakalpak ASSR, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union (now Uzbekistan) | (aged 65)
Nationality | Soviet |
Political party | Communist Party of the Soviet Union (from 1939) |
Sharof Rashidovich Rashidov (Uzbek Cyrillic: Шароф Рашидович Рашидов; Russian: Шараф Рашидович Рашидов Sharaf Rashidovich Rashidov; 6 November [O.S. 24 October] 1917 – 31 October 1983) was a Communist Party leader in the Uzbek SSR and a CPSU Central Committee Politburo candidate member between 1961 and 1983.
Born the day before the Russian Revolution to a poor peasant family in Jizzakh, Uzbekistan, Sharaf Rashidov worked as a teacher, journalist and editor for a Samarkand newspaper. He returned home in 1942 with wounds suffered on the German front in World War II. He became head of the Uzbekistan Writers Union in 1949, and was elected to the post of Chairman of the Praesidium of the Uzbek Supreme Soviet in 1950. In 1959, he became First Secretary of the Uzbek Communist Party,[1] a post he held to his death in 1983.[2]
In the Soviet Union his name became synonymous with corruption, nepotism and the Great Cotton Scandal of the late Brezhnev period.[3] With orders from Moscow to grow increasing quantities of cotton, the Uzbek government responded by reporting miraculous growth in land irrigated and harvested, and record improvements in production and efficiency. The Uzbek leadership used these exaggerated figures to transfer substantial amounts of wealth from central Soviet funds into Uzbekistan.[4]: 28
Rashidov died on 31 October 1983 in Ellikqala District, Karakalpak ASSR, Uzbek SSR. Immediately after his death, rumors spread that he had realized he was about to be disgraced and thus committed suicide.[5] However, this has never been confirmed.[6]
After Uzbekistan's independence, Rashidov's image was rehabilitated by Uzbek President Islam Karimov as a symbol of national strength against detrimental Soviet central planning.[4]: 41
See also
References
- ^ "Sharaf Rashidov, 65; Soviet Politburo Aide". The New York Times. Vol. 133, no. 45849. 1 November 1983. p. B6.
- ^ Sengupta, Anita (2010). The Formation of the Uzbek Nation-State: A Study in Transition. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-0-585-48273-6. OCLC 1030402348.
- ^ Cucciolla, Riccardo Mario (2 April 2020). "Sharaf Rashidov and the International Dimensions of Soviet Uzbekistan". Central Asian Survey. 39 (2): 185–201. doi:10.1080/02634937.2019.1708269. S2CID 214452935.
- ^ a b Peterson, Derek Edward (2013). When a Pound Weighed a Ton: The Cotton Scandal and Uzbek National Consciousness (Master's thesis). Ohio State University.
- ^ Alexandrov, Mikhail (3 April 1996). "Uzbekistan: Technology". Former Soviet Republic - Central Asia Political Discussion List. Retrieved 26 August 2007.
- ^ William Fierman, ed. (1991). Soviet Central Asia: The Failed Transformation. Boulder: Westview Press. p. 25. ISBN 0-8133-7907-5.