Demographics of Djibouti | |
---|---|
Population | 994,017 (2019) |
Growth rate | 2.23% (2014) |
Birth rate | 25.27 births/1,000 population (2011 est.) |
Death rate | 8.23 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.) |
Life expectancy | 62.4 years (2014) |
• male | 59.93 years |
• female | 64.94 years |
Fertility rate | 2.79 children born/woman (2010) |
Infant mortality rate | 53.31 deaths/1,000 infants (2012 est.)[1] |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 35% (male 132,592/female 132,114) |
15–64 years | 61.7% (male 206,323/female 260,772) |
65 and over | 3.3% (male 11,349/female 13,924) |
Sex ratio | |
At birth | 1.03 male(s)/female |
Under 15 | 1 male(s)/female |
15–64 years | 0.8 male(s)/female |
65 and over | 0.81 male(s)/female |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Djiboutian |
Major ethnic | Somali 60% Afar 35% |
Language | |
Spoken | Somali (official), Afar (official), French(official), Arabic (non-official), |
This article is about the demographics of Djibouti, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Ethnic groups
Djibouti is a multiethnic country. As of 2018, it has a population of around 884,017 inhabitants[2][3]. Djibouti's population grew rapidly during the latter half of the 20th century, increasing from about 69,589 in 1955 to around 869,099 by 2015.[4]
the ethnic composition of djibouti is= 56.2%Somali 24.2% Afar 15.6% Arabs (6.675% djibouti arabs [indigenous], 4.525% yemenis, 4.4% omanis) and 5% others. The Somali clan component is mainly composed of the Issa clan (Dir)
The remaining 5% of Djibouti's population primarily consists of Ethiopians and Europeans (French, Italian and Swedish). In addition, as of 2,021, 4,000 U.S. Army troops , 1,350 French Army troops, 600 Japanese Army troops, 400 Chinese Army troops, and an unknown number of German Army troops are stationed at various bases throughout Djibouti. Approximately 76% of local residents are urban dwellers; the remainder are pastoralists.[5] 40,000 people from Yemen live in Djibouti, counting for 4.525% of its total population."Domestic abuse adds to Yemeni refugee women's woes in Djibouti".[6][7][8]
Languages
Djibouti is a multilingual nation.[5] The majority of local residents speak Somali (350,000 speakers in Djibouti city and Ali Sabieh) and Afar (300,000 speakers) as a first language. These idioms are the mother tongues of the Somali and Afar ethnic groups, respectively. Both languages belong to the larger Afroasiatic family. There are 2 official languages in Djibouti: Arabic and French.[9]
Arabic is of religious importance. In formal settings, it consists of Modern Standard Arabic. Colloquially, about 59,000 local residents speak the Ta'izzi-Adeni Arabic dialect, also known as Djibouti Arabic. French serves as a statutory national language. It was inherited from the colonial period, and is the primary language of instruction. Around 17,000 Djiboutians speak it as a first language. Immigrant languages include Omani Arabic (38,900 speakers), Amharic (1,400 speakers), Greek (1,000 speakers) and Hindi (600 speakers).[9]
Population
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1960 | 83,636 | — |
1969 | 149,887 | +6.70% |
1977 | 277,750 | +8.02% |
1980 | 359,247 | +8.95% |
1994 | 652,793 | +4.36% |
2000 | 722,887 | +1.71% |
2012 | 859,652 | +1.45% |
Source: World Bank[10] |
According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects[2][3], the total population was 1,105,557 in 2021 compared to 62,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 35.8%, 60.9% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.3% was 65 years or older.[4]
Total population | Population aged 0–14 (%) | Population aged 15–64 (%) | Population aged 65+ (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 62 000 | 46.8 | 51.2 | 2.0 |
1955 | 70 000 | 46.0 | 52.0 | 2.0 |
1960 | 85 000 | 45.4 | 52.5 | 2.0 |
1965 | 117 000 | 44.9 | 53.0 | 2.0 |
1970 | 162 000 | 45.8 | 52.2 | 2.1 |
1975 | 224 000 | 45.9 | 52.0 | 2.1 |
1980 | 340 000 | 45.3 | 52.5 | 2.2 |
1985 | 403 000 | 44.6 | 53.1 | 2.3 |
1990 | 562 000 | 44.2 | 53.4 | 2.4 |
1995 | 627 000 | 43.4 | 54.1 | 2.5 |
2000 | 732 000 | 41.3 | 55.9 | 2.7 |
2005 | 808 000 | 38.5 | 58.5 | 3.0 |
2010 | 889 000 | 35.8 | 60.9 | 3.3 |
Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 29.V.2009): [11]
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 440 066 | 378 093 | 818 159 | 100 |
0–4 | 49 863 | 41 269 | 91 132 | 11.14 |
5–9 | 56 117 | 41 269 | 101 271 | 12.38 |
10–14 | 48 135 | 37 337 | 85 472 | 10.45 |
15–19 | 46 351 | 39 283 | 85 634 | 10.47 |
20–24 | 43 786 | 40 272 | 84 058 | 10.27 |
25–29 | 40 222 | 41 995 | 82 217 | 10.05 |
30–34 | 35 558 | 33 997 | 69 555 | 8.50 |
35–39 | 29 563 | 26 512 | 56 074 | 6.85 |
40–44 | 25 247 | 19 734 | 44 981 | 5.50 |
45–49 | 19 470 | 15 456 | 34 926 | 4.27 |
50–54 | 16 363 | 12 479 | 28 841 | 3.53 |
55–59 | 10 325 | 7 860 | 18 185 | 2.22 |
60–64 | 8 495 | 6 677 | 15 172 | 1.85 |
65+ | 10 572 | 10 069 | 20 641 | 2.52 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 154 115 | 119 875 | 273 990 | 33.49 |
15–64 | 275 379 | 248 149 | 523 528 | 63.99 |
65+ | 10 572 | 10 069 | 20 641 | 2.52 |
Projections
The following are UN medium variant projections; numbers are in thousands:[4]
- 2015 975
- 2020 1,065
- 2025 1,166
- 2030 1,262
- 2035 1,356
- 2040 1,447
- 2045 1,535
- 2050 1,619
Vital statistics
Registration of vital events in Djibouti is incomplete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[4]
Period | Live births per year | Deaths per year | Natural change per year | CBR* | CDR* | NC* | TFR* | IMR* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950-1955 | 3 000 | 2 000 | 1 000 | 50.0 | 28.3 | 21.7 | 7.80 | 222 |
1955-1960 | 4 000 | 2 000 | 2 000 | 50.7 | 25.7 | 25.0 | 7.80 | 203 |
1960-1965 | 5 000 | 2 000 | 3 000 | 51.2 | 23.8 | 27.4 | 7.80 | 185 |
1965-1970 | 7 000 | 3 000 | 4 000 | 50.3 | 21.6 | 28.6 | 7.60 | 169 |
1970-1975 | 9 000 | 4 000 | 5 000 | 47.8 | 19.4 | 28.4 | 7.20 | 154 |
1975-1980 | 13 000 | 5 000 | 8 000 | 45.2 | 17.4 | 27.8 | 6.80 | 141 |
1980-1985 | 16 000 | 6 000 | 11 000 | 44.0 | 15.5 | 28.6 | 6.60 | 125 |
1985-1990 | 21 000 | 7 000 | 14 000 | 43.1 | 14.5 | 28.6 | 6.40 | 117 |
1990-1995 | 24 000 | 8 000 | 16 000 | 40.1 | 13.4 | 26.7 | 5.85 | 109 |
1995-2000 | 23 000 | 8 000 | 15 000 | 34.4 | 12.2 | 22.2 | 5.11 | 100 |
2000-2005 | 24 000 | 9 000 | 15 000 | 31.2 | 11.3 | 19.9 | 4.52 | 91 |
2005-2010 | 25 000 | 9 000 | 16 000 | 29.4 | 10.5 | 18.9 | 3.95 | 82 |
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman) |
Life expectancy
Period | Life expectancy in Years[12] |
---|---|
1950–1955 | 41.04 |
1955–1960 | 42.95 |
1960–1965 | 45.18 |
1965–1970 | 47.35 |
1970–1975 | 50.90 |
1975–1980 | 52.55 |
1980–1985 | 54.67 |
1985–1990 | 56.12 |
1990–1995 | 57.02 |
1995–2000 | 57.02 |
2000–2005 | 57.29 |
2005–2010 | 59.05 |
2010–2015 | 61.62 |
Other demographic statistics
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022.[13]
- One birth every 26 minutes
- One death every 76 minutes
- One net migrant every 720 minutes
- Net gain of one person every 38 minutes
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook.[14]
Population
- 957,273 (2022 est.)
- 884,017 (July 2018 est.)
- 828,324 (July 2015 est.)
Religions
Sunni Muslim 94% (nearly all Djiboutians), other 6% (mainly foreign-born residents - Shia Muslim, Christian, Hindu, Jewish, Baha'i, and atheist)
Age structure
- 0-14 years: 29.97% (male 138,701/female 137,588)
- 15-24 years: 20.32% (male 88,399/female 98,955)
- 25-54 years: 40.73% (male 156,016/female 219,406)
- 55-64 years: 5.01% (male 19,868/female 26,307)
- 65 years and over: 3.97% (male 16,245/female 20,319) (2020 est.)
- 0-14 years: 30.71% (male 136,191 /female 135,263)
- 15-24 years: 21.01% (male 87,520 /female 98,239)
- 25-54 years: 39.63% (male 145,427 /female 204,927)
- 55-64 years: 4.82% (male 18,967 /female 23,639)
- 65 years and over: 3.83% (male 15,136 /female 18,708) (2018 est.)
Median age
- total: 24.9 years. Country comparison to the world: 163rd
- male: 23 years
- female: 26.4 years (2020 est.)
- total: 24.2 years. Country comparison to the world: 165th
- male: 22.4 years
- female: 25.7 years (2018 est.)
- Total: 22.8 years
- Male: 21.1 years
- Female: 24.1 years (2014 est.)
Birth rate
- 22.25 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 58th
- 23.3 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 59th
Death rate
- 7.12 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 116th
- 7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 109th
Total fertility rate
- 2.15 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 91st
- 2.27 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 90th
Net migration rate
- 4.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 24th
- 5.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 19th
Population growth rate
- 1.97% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 42nd
- 2.13% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 42nd
- 2.18% (2016 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate
- 19% (2012)
Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 56.5 (2015 est.)
- youth dependency ratio: 50.1 (2015 est.)
- elderly dependency ratio: 6.4 (2015 est.)
- potential support ratio: 15.6 (2015 est.)
Urbanization
- urban population: 78.4% of total population (2022)
- rate of urbanization: 1.56% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- urban population: 77.8% of total population (2018)
- rate of urbanization: 1.67% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Major cities - population
- DJIBOUTI (capital) 562,000 (2018)
Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
- under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female
- 15-24 years: 0.89 male(s)/female
- 25-54 years: 0.71 male(s)/female
- 55-64 years: 0.85 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female
- total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 65.3 years. Country comparison to the world: 203rd
- male: 62.72 years
- female: 67.96 years (2022 est.)
- total population: 64 years (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 191st
- male: 61.4 years (2018 est.)
- female: 66.6 years (2018 est.)
- Total population: 62.4 years
- Male: 59.93 years
- Female: 64.94 years (2014 est.)
HIV/AIDS
- adult prevalence rate: 1.2% (2012 est.)
- people living with HIV/AIDS: 7,700 (2012 est.)
- deaths: 690 (2012 est.)
Major infectious diseases
- degree of risk: high (2020)
- food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
- vectorborne diseases: dengue fever
note: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Djibouti is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine
Nationality
- Djiboutien or Djiboutian
Ethnic groups
Afar 35%, Somali 60% and Arab 2%[5]
Languages
The languages of Djibouti are:[5]
Education expenditures
- 3.6% of GDP (2018) Country comparison to the world: 116th
Literacy
- definition: age 15 and over can read and write
- total population: 67.9%
- male: 60%
- female: 58.4% (2003 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 7 years
- male: 7 years
- female: 7 years (2011)
- total: 6 years (2011)
- male: 7 years (2011)
- female: 6 years (2011)
References
- ^ "CIA – The World Factbook: Infant Mortality Rate". Archived from the original on November 19, 2012. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
- ^ a b ""World Population Prospects 2022"". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
- ^ a b "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX). population.un.org ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision".
- ^ a b c d "Africa :: Djibouti". CIA The World Factbook. 14 April 2022.
- ^ "US Signs Long-Term Lease for Military Base in Djibouti | Voice of America - English".
- ^ "Tracer des frontières à Djibouti".
- ^ DIRECTORATE OF INTELLIGENCE, INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM (1967). "French Somaliland" (PDF). Intelligence Memorandum. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2017.
- ^ a b "Djibouti - Languages". Ethnologue. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
- ^ "World Bank". Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
- ^ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
- ^ "Djibouti Population 2022", World Population Review
- ^ "The World FactBook - Djibouti", The World Factbook, 2022 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.